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Lead halide perovskites are promising for artificial photosynthesis but are unstable in seawater. Here, the authors report multisite atomic-chlorine passivation to stabilize CsPbI₃ quantum dots in a hydrophobic covalent organic framework, enabling efficient H₂O₂ photosynthesis directly from seawater.

Autophagy has been reported to have an important role in glioblastoma temozolomide resistance but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, the authors identify RFC4-STK38-BECN1 complex as a driver of autophagy activation and subsequent temozolomide resistance in preclinical models of glioblastoma.

Despite rapid development of model algorithms, more evidence is needed on the widespread clinical implementation of auto-segmentation tools. In this prospective, multicenter, observational trial, the authors find that AI-assisted delineation performs better than manual delineation while improving time efficiency and reducing performance metrics variability across centers and physicians with varying expertise.

Susceptibility of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection, is linked with HLA gene region with mechanisms unclear. The authors here show that the high-risk EBV subtype BALF2 upregulates HLA-DP, leading to CD8⁺ T cell exhaustion, and combined anti-LAG-3 and anti-PD-1 therapy improves anti-cancer efficacy.

The rapid rise of artificial intelligence pushes the need for more efficient computing. Here, authors propose an electrically reconfigurable, all-optical logic processing unit based on the combination of Kerr nonlinearities and high-entropy MXene surface terminations. They achieve an accuracy of 97.7% for digit recognition on the MNIST dataset.

Converting syngas into high-value long-chain alcohols is a major industrial challenge due to poor product selectivity. This study achieves 80% selectivity through a modular catalytic design that boosts carbon efficiency while minimizing waste.

Developing efficient battery electrolytes is a slow and complex challenge. Here, authors create a deep active learning framework that rapidly identifies high-performance materials and transfers knowledge to new designs, tripling battery lifespan while requiring significantly fewer experiments.

The manufacture of nitriles is critical to various industrial applications, but poor selectivity results in the significant release of CO₂, NO_x and toxic cyanide. Here, the authors report the electroconversion of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes to valuable nitriles at near-unity selectivities.

The authors present a multi-core neuromorphic architecture that enables energy‑efficient training of deep spiking neural networks via backpropagation. The design features a multi-engine core, multi-level parallelism, sparsity optimization, and FPGA validation.

Controlling the morphology of dendritic nanostructures is crucial for enhancing their functionality, but remains a challenge. Here, the authors demonstrate that the local electric field between gold nanoparticles and iron oxide branches promotes directional and accelerated growth.

The role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulating cancer progression remains to be explored. Here, the authors identify an antisense lncRNA in the IGF1R locus (IGF1RAS1) which strongly interacts with super enhancers and modulates MYC expression in metastatic prostate cancer.

Maternal obesity is known to cause systemic lipid dysregulation, yet its effect on lipid reprogramming during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT) remains unknown. Here, they show that obesity disrupts very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) storage in oocytes, impairing peroxisomal protein import in 2-cell embryos.

Vegetation productivity resilience to fast and slow developing droughts remains poorly understood. This study reports lower resilience, greater sensitivity, and weaker CO₂ fertilization effects under flash drought, indicating limited ecosystem resilience.

Accurately mapping diverse cell types in complex tissues remains a challenge for spatial transcriptomics. Here, the authors present UCASpatial, an entropy-weighted algorithm that enables ultra-precision deconvolution to resolve fine-grained immune landscapes and explore intercellular mechanisms.

Organic light-emitting materials with narrow emission bands still struggle with difficult synthesis and performance losses from aggregation and slow spin conversion. The authors design a boron–nitrogen–boron molecular framework that improves spin interactions, limits aggregation, and yields efficient, narrow emission.

A hallmark of the interaction between flat band and dispersive band states in quantum materials is the flat band resonance. Here, the authors report the observation of a flat band resonance in the kagome bilayer material CsCr₆Sb₆ originating from the doublet kagome bands of the bilayer unit.

The α-C–C cleavage of ketones provides a versatile route for C–C bond formation but remains challenging, particularly for selective cross-coupling between distinct ketones. Here the authors report a nickel- and photocatalysis-enabled deacylative coupling via bimolecular homolytic substitution to forge diverse C(sp³)–C(sp³) bonds.

The study introduces polyethyleneimine as an additive in a thermocell, enhancing thermopower from 1.4 to 7.76 mV/K. It achieves long-term stability and scalability by enabling thermosensitive adsorption-desorption, selective reactions, and Manning condensation, converting low-grade heat to electricity efficiently.

How the brain learns to suppress self-generated sensory input remains unclear. Here, the authors show that global modulation guiding local plasticity provides a circuit mechanism for error computation in motor-sensory mismatch responses underlying corollary discharge/efference copy.

NPM3 promotes histone lactylation (H3K18la/K27la) and drives FASN transcription and cardiomyocyte necroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Targeting this pathway with dihydroartemisinin alleviates cardiac dysfunction.

Efforts to generate H₂O₂ through mechanical activation are hampered by poor charge control and low efficiency. Herein, a tailored catalyst strengthens internal fields and speeds reactions, markedly improving production and pollutant cleanup.

Ordered antihedgehog polar lattices are engineered in antiferroelectric PbZrO₃ thin films via interfacial dislocation networks. The authors reveal that these ordered topological structures originate from mismatch.

Pangenome analyses of 28 representative Gossypium hirsutum accessions, including a telomere-to-telomere genome for NDM13, and transcriptomic profiling across 15 tissues highlight structural variations associated with breeding traits.

This study identifies NAT10-mediated RNA ac4C modification as a key regulator of colonic epithelial aging. Through N4-acetylation regulation of DYRK1A, NAT10 promotes intestinal senescence, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for elderly-onset colitis.

C-14 hydroxyl group is critical for the function of ent-kaurane diterpenoids (ent-KTs). Here, the authors report discovery and engineering of bacterial P450s for C-14 hydroxylation in ent-KTs.

Metal phthalocyanines are promising molecular electrocatalysts for CO₂ conversion, but the rate-limiting step remains unresolved. Here, the authors show that it depends on catalyst dispersion, shifting from protonation in molecularly dispersed catalysts to CO₂ adsorption in molecular aggregates.

Solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries face practical challenges such as low utilization and cycle life. Here, authors introduce design strategies that enable practical operation, leading to the demonstration of a high loading Li₂S-anode free pouch cell that operates under “low stack pressure” of 10 MPa.

When 100 social and behavioural science claims were examined, 34% of reanalyses closely matched the original results, with 74% reaching the same conclusion, revealing limited robustness of single-path analyses and the need to address analytical uncertainty.

Here, Zhang et al. show that the gut bacterium Blautia coccoides promotes intestinal repair by activating regenerative stem cells through indole lactic acid, providing a potential therapeutic avenue for inflammatory bowel disease.

Copper nanoclusters are promising photothermal heaters, but their conversion efficiency is limited efficiency. Here, the authors present a rotor-stator ligand architecture that enables enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency of copper nanoclusters.

Here authors show that isolating interconnected channels in metal-organic frameworks eliminates inefficient molecular shuttling, greatly improving diffusion and separation performance. The strategy enhances isomer separation and material stability.

This study reveals how the cBAF chromatin remodeling complex organizes stem cell environments and guides cell fate decisions by recruiting distinct partner proteins to maintain adult tissue homeostasis.

Di et al. report a dual-band infrared photodetector employing size-engineered PbS quantum dots as spectrally selective absorbers in a unipolar barrier configuration, which can switch between near- and short-wave infrared region. A 128×128 focal plane array is prepared for practical infrared multispectral imaging.

The incorporation of alkali metals in kesterite solar cells enables high efficiency but is challenging to control. Xu et al. show that combining Na and Li ions yields optimal phase formation, enabling efficient solar cells and modules.

SnRK1β1A in rice promotes susceptibility to multiple fungal diseases, and disrupting this infection-inducible gene confers broad-spectrum resistance without compromising growth or yield under normal field conditions.

Measurement-based quantum computing implements quantum algorithms by performing sequences of measurements on special classes of entangled states, such as cluster states. This approach has now been demonstrated on a superconducting quantum processor.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction can simultaneously remove pollutants and produce ammonia but is often limited by hydrogen side reactions. This study shows that nanoconfined CuCo catalysts enable a proton-coupled electron transfer pathway that delivers highly selective, efficient and stable ammonia synthesis.

Selective activation of aliphatic C–H bonds in complex polycyclic terpenoids remains a significant challenge. Now a bacterial P450 enzyme has been shown to achieve precise functionalization of inert C–H sites in pentacyclic triterpenoids, unveiling a distinctive relay-oxidation pathway mediated by 1,5-hydogen atom transfer and establishing a versatile chemo-enzymatic platform for accessing previously unexplored chemical space.

Wu et al. identify circulating proteins associated with cardiovascular and neurological imaging traits and diseases, and validate GDF15 as a shared determinant of heart and brain pathologies in mice.

Machine learning was used to screen a library of diverse lipids on the basis of their spatial conformation and identify an LNP formulation that enabled organ-targeted mRNA delivery and tumour suppression. The work highlights the critical role of ionizable lipid conformation in LNP engineering.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive lung disease characterized by scarring and impaired function, with vascular endothelial cells playing a key role in disease progression. Here, the authors show that endothelial mechanosensitive PIEZO1 promotes fibrosis by activating the CAPN2-STAT3-IL-33 signaling axis, identifying a promising therapeutic target for treatment.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.