The effects of co-solutes on protein solubility, stability and function have been well studied, however, some of the theories appear inconsistent and no clear theoretical framework has been established. Here, the authors investigate the NMR titrations of protein barnase with Hofmeister ions and osmolytes to distinguish binding effects from solvent perturbation and provide a coherent explanation for solute effects.
- Clare R. Trevitt
- D. R. Yashwanth Kumar
- Mike P. Williamson
