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Climate change can alter when and how animals grow, breed, and migrate, but it is unclear whether this allows populations to persist. This global study shows that shifts in seasonal timing are key to helping vertebrate species maintain population growth under global warming.

A high-resolution estimate finds about 300,000 cubic kilometers of accessible groundwater across North America, which reduces uncertainty in freshwater distribution and bridges gaps between remote sensing and field data.

New hydrological simulations show for the first time how sensitive groundwater and surface water connections are to systematic warming across the continental United States. The authors here show a clear reduction in subsurface water storage under a warming climate and intensified aridification of north America.

Excited charge carriers, such as photoelectrons, play an important role in fundamental and technological fields. Here the authors employ an ultrafast electron microscope to directly visualize the cyclotron oscillations and oblate-to-prolate shape change of a photoemitted electron gas from a laser-excited copper surface.

CCR5 is a co-receptor for many transmitted HIV strains. Here, the authors show that biweekly injection of the CCR5-specific antibody Leronlimab protects rhesus macaques against infection following repeated intrarectal challenges of a CCR5-tropic SHIV.

A series of early-time, multiwavelength observations of an optical transient, AT2022cmc, indicate that it is a relativistic jet from a tidal disruption event originating from a supermassive black hole.

Using a backward-particle-tracking simulation across the contiguous United States, this study quantifies the distance and depth of the groundwater entering a stream and highlights the strong connections between streamflow and deep and inter-basin groundwater flow paths.

Analyses of genome and exome sequencing data identify rare coding and structural variants associated with atrial fibrillation and highlight genetic links between atrial fibrillation and cardiomyopathies.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are being evaluated for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in the setting of vertical transmission. Here, using a macaque model of perinatal SHIV infection, the authors show that PEP for infant macaques within 30–48 h of SHIV exposure is highly effective using either bNAbs or ART.

Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of over 800,000 human adult breast cells from 55 female donors identifies 41 cell subtypes and highlights age- and parity-dependent effects. Samples from healthy women with germline mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 showed signs of T cell exhaustion.

Quantum electrodynamics predicts a rare process in which light is scattered by light. The ATLAS Collaboration reports signs of this elusive effect in the collisions of ultra-relativistic lead ions.

Rodin and Dou et al. characterized genome-wide somatic mutation in autistic and control brains, revealing that even unaffected individuals may possess dozens of brain somatic mutations and providing insight into the role of somatic mutation in autism.

Hessell et al. report that post-exposure treatment with HIV-1–specific neutralizing antibodies clears SHIV infection from the blood and tissues of infant rhesus macaques.

The forests of the Rocky Mountains of North America are suffering the effects of a climate-exacerbated bark-beetle epidemic. This study shows that the transpiration loss due to widespread tree death is affecting stream flow-generating processes at watershed scale, with potential implications for water quality.

Climate change will have a significant impact on the hydrologic cycle, creating changes in freshwater resources, land cover and land–atmosphere feedbacks. Simulations using a groundwater flow model with integrated overland flow and land-surface model processes show that groundwater depth, which results from lateral water flow at the surface and subsurface, determines the relative susceptibility of regions to changes in temperature and precipitation.

Climate change is known to influence insect-induced tree mortality. Research now reveals knock-on implications for municipal water quality in Colorado, USA. Significantly higher levels of harmful disinfection by-products and total organic carbon were found in treatment facilities using water from mountain pine beetle-infested basins compared with unaffected watersheds.

Multiple samples collected at autopsy from women with homologous recombination-deficient high-grade serous ovarian cancer highlight substantial inter- and intratumoral heterogeneity. A plethora of resistance mechanisms were identified within and between patients.

A genomic and transcriptomic analysis identifies molecular features associated with long-term survival in ovarian cancer. Exceptional survival was heterogeneous across the cohort, suggesting that it is likely the function of multiple cell-intrinsic and microenvironmental factors working in combination.

A deep learning model detects low frequency mosaic variants with improved accuracy.

Single cell genome sequencing approaches have identified somatic copy number variants (CNVs) in human neurons, but small sample sizes (<100 neurons) have limited the power to find recurrent patterns such as CNV hotspots in a single individual. Here, the authors develop an approach to map CNVs in 2097 neurons from a neurotypical individual, finding that >10% neurons contain at least one somatic CNV, and enabling deeper investigation of these events.

This Brain Somatic Mosaicism Network analysis of 283 cases of malformations of cortical development identifies 69 candidate and known genes in 76 patients. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and mouse modeling implicate radial glia and daughter excitatory neurons.

An examination of motor cortex in humans, marmosets and mice reveals a generally conserved cellular makeup that is likely to extend to many mammalian species, but also differences in gene expression, DNA methylation and chromatin state that lead to species-dependent specializations.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disease causing multisystem tumour growth. Here the authors analyse 111 TSC-associated tissues for TSC1/TSC2 status, DNA mutations, copy number aberrations, differential gene expression and DNA methylation patterns providing a comprehensive genomic landscape.

A comprehensive analysis of brain somatic mosaicism across the neocortex demonstrates the origins and distribution patterns of cells within the human brain.

Zhu et al. discover that in human brain there is widespread anatomic distribution of low-frequency somatic, mosaic L1 insertions, using deep whole-genome sequencing of neuronal and glial fractions and machine-learning analysis.

The impacts of climate change on the ecohydrology of forested mountain regions are uncertain. New high-resolution modelling suggests that during a hot, dry summer in the Alps, stressed vegetation capitalizes on downslope water subsidies, amplifying runoff deficits and further depleting water resources.

Groundwater is of crucial importance for water and food security and for sustaining ecosystems. This Review assesses the likely impacts of climate change on groundwater and groundwater-driven feedbacks to the climate system.