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Individuals with schizophrenia show reduced structural similarity in temporal, cingulate, and insular lobes, especially those with worse cognition and symptoms, affecting late maturing association areas with low metabolism and high neurotransmission.

Seguin et al. show that the efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression depends on how stimulation spreads through the brain’s wiring. Patients with shorter communication pathways between stimulated sites and mood-related regions had better clinical outcomes.

An analysis of neuroimaging data across mental health, neurodegenerative, psychiatric and neurodevelopmental diagnostic categories highlights how brain network organization and chemoarchitecture interact to shape cognitive topographies.

Here, the authors develop novel dynamical methods to model brain regions’ intrinsic neural timescales (INTs) from data, and find that they couple whole-brain structural connectivity to dynamic switching between brain activity states, and correlate with genetic markers.

Changes to structural and functional connectivity can give rise to neurodegeneration and neurodevelopmental diseases. Here the authors investigate molecular and connectomic patterns in 13 different neurological, psychiatric and neurodevelopmental diseases from the ENIGMA consortium.

Incorporating spatial information into the optimal control framework makes models of brain state transitions more realistic and leads to reductions in the effort needed to transition from one brain state to another.

Expression of a protein in Sf9 insect cells at high concentration triggers formation of in vivo crystals that can be analyzed by serial femtosecond X-ray crystallography.

Here, the authors present the Network Correspondence Toolbox, which enables researchers to examine and report spatial correspondence between their neuroimaging results and widely used brain atlases.

Here, the authors use fMRI data to update connectomes with new, asymmetric, and signed weights, leading to an intuitive brain structure that is aligned to functional brain systems, more efficient, subject-specific, state-dependent and varies with age

Working memory requires the brain to switch between cognitive states and activity patterns. Here, the authors show that the steering of these neural network dynamics is influenced by dopamine D1- and D2-receptor function and altered in schizophrenia.

This study proposes an algorithm for generating randomized networks that preserve the weighted degree sequence. The procedure outperforms standard rewiring algorithms and extends to multiple network types, including directed and signed networks.

It is unknown how cortical stimulation identifies brain regions critical to speech and language when they depend upon broader brain networks. Here the authors show that these critical areas function as connectors between modules in the language network.

The main protease, a key enzyme of SARS-CoV-2, can protect itself from oxidative damage. Here, Reinke, Schubert, and colleagues used XFEL radiation to image the enzyme, revealing the disulfide and NOS/SONOS bonds that form in response to oxygen.

High-amplitude and network-level events detected in mouse and human brains using fMRI are supported by modular structural connectomes.

How regional anatomy shapes function is not well understood. Here, the authors evaluate the performance of 40 communication models in predicting functional connectivity, and find regional heterogeneity in terms of fit and optimal model, and that regional coupling varies over the human lifespan.

Analyses of interregional neural networks from electrocorticography data from a large database of individuals with medication-resistant epilepsy highlight the structural, geometric and genetic factors that shape network organization.

Humans can quickly learn to efficiently execute tasks yet how the brain activity is dynamically reconfigured during this process remains unknown. Here the authors demonstrate that large-scale functional brain networks are reorganized flexibly to support rapid task automation.

Co-morbidity and symptom overlap make it difficult to associate psychiatric disorders with unique neural signatures. Here, the authors use a data-driven approach to show that the symptom dimensions of mood, psychosis, fear and externalizing behavior exhibit unique patterns of functional dysconnectivity.

The new European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) is the first XFEL that generates X-ray pulses with a megahertz inter-pulse spacing. Here the authors demonstrate that high-quality and damage-free protein structures can be obtained with the currently available 1.1 MHz repetition rate pulses using lysozyme as a test case and furthermore present a β-lactamase structure.

Meso-scale architecture of connectomes is usually modeled as segregated clusters and communities. Here the authors report that non-assortative communities are better able to capture the functional connectivity for some networks and offer measures of community diversity that predict cognitive performance.

QSIPrep is a software platform for processing of most diffusion MRI datasets and ensures that adequate workflows are used.

The authors present an edge-centric model of brain connectivity. Edge networks are stable across datasets, and their structure can be modulated by sensory input. When clustered, edge networks yield pervasively overlapping functional modules.

Using simultaneously acquired wide-field fluorescence calcium imaging and BOLD-fMRI, subject-specific signatures are observable in the mouse connectome, with stronger individual specific patterns evident in the calcium data.

Eli J. Cornblath et al use tools from linear network control theory to show that white matter connectivity constrains transitions between brain activity patterns at rest to favor transitions with small energy requirements, while visual inputs overcome these constraints during a cognitive task. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for both internal white matter network dynamics and external inputs in models of brain activity.

Temporal unwrapping analysis of diffusion weighted MRI connectivity and functional MRI scans reveals that the coupling between structure and function in the human brain is regionally heterogeneous and provides a framework to evaluate these relationships from a dynamic perspective.