Search

The bacterial protein H-NS prevents costly expression of horizontally acquired genes such as those in Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs), which are essential for infection. Here, Kortebi et al. show that the expression of SPI-1 is associated with Salmonella chromatin remodelling and with the repositioning of this region toward the nucleoid periphery.

Using the Drosophila pupal notum, the authors demonstrate that the disassembly of microtubules by effector caspases initiate cell extrusion independently of actomyosin regulation, thus providing insights into how caspases orchestrate dying epithelial cell expulsion.

In this work the authors present an approach called ProFlex which compresses flexibility information from protein structures via normal mode analysis, enabling scalable insights into protein dynamics and function through a novel structural alphabet.

Proximity-ligation-based sequencing from 111 samples and 5 environments reveals that a substantial proportion of phages infect multiple species.

Chronic brain infection and IL-1 exposure impair spatial memory by triggering DNA double-strand break signaling in hippocampal neurons. Blocking this pathway prevents memory deficits, suggesting new therapeutic prospects for various brain diseases.

A doped quantum antiferromagnet is obtained by using a Rydberg tweezer array comprising three levels encoding spins and holes to implement a tunable model that allows the study of previously inaccessible parameter regimes.

The CORVET complex is a multi-subunit complex that regulates fusion between early endosomes. Here the authors show that the CORVET subunits Vps3 and Vps8 also regulate vesicular transport from early to recycling endosomes and are required for recycling integrins to the plasma membrane.

Islet transplantation is a feasible approach to treat type I diabetes, however inflammation and poor vascularisation impair long-term engraftment. Here the authors show that incorporating human amniotic epithelial cells into islet organoids improves engraftment and function of organoids, through enhanced revascularisation.

The polarized distribution of E-cadherin observed in Drosophila embryos during epithelial cell intercalation is shown to be controlled by polarized clathrin- and dynamin-mediated endocytosis. This process depends on the activity of diaphanous and myosin II, which regulate the lateral clustering of E-cadherin.

A complete revolution of exo-Neptune LTT 9779 b was observed with the NIRISS/SOSS instrument onboard the JWST. The resulting full phase curve is indicative of an equatorial jet that transports heat from the dayside to the colder nightside, resulting in an asymmetric distribution of clouds on the planet.

It is now revealed, using cell cultures and in silico models, that weakening intercellular contacts is a fundamental process essential for switching from extensile to contractile tissue behaviour.

‘Missing self’ is a mode of natural killer (NK) cell activation aimed to detect the lack of HLA-I molecules on infected or neoplastic cells. Here, the authors show that mismatch between donor HLA-I and cognate receptors on recipient NK cells mediates microvascular inflammation-associated graft rejection, a pathology that is preventable by mTOR inhibition.

Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) of metal hydrides, in which electrons and protons go to or from different molecular sites, are key steps in catalytic reactions involving solar fuels. Using [(Cp)W(CO)₃H] as a model compound, it is now shown that this PCET reaction can occur in a concerted fashion, suggesting a possible low-barrier pathway to catalysis.

Enhanced super-resolution radial fluctuations (eSRRF) offers improved image fidelity and resolution compared to the popular SRRF method and further enables volumetric live-cell super-resolution imaging at high speeds.

Negative strand RNA viruses, such as rabies virus, induce formation of cytoplasmic inclusions for genome replication. Here, Nikolic et al. show that these so-called Negri bodies (NBs) have characteristics of liquid organelles and they identify the minimal protein domains required for NB formation.

In this study, Marlin et al. provide insights into the potential use of subunit vaccines that induce a high level of protection against SARS-CoV-2 in animal models.

Treatment with anti-PDL1 and anti-CTLA4 in combination with mFOLFOX6 chemotherapy for patients with treatment-naive microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer is safe, shows encouraging progression-free survival and induces a tumor-specific immune response.

Monoclonal antibodies show great promise in treating Covid-19 patients. Here, Maisonnasse, Aldon and colleagues report pre-clinical results for COVA1-18 and demonstrate that it reduces viral infectivity in three animal models with over 95% efficacy in macaques upper respiratory tract.

Inborn errors of the alternative NF-κB pathway in humans impair the development of AIRE-expressing medullary thymic epithelial cells, thereby underlying the production of autoantibodies against type I IFNs and predisposition to viral diseases

Compared with yeast and animal cells, the detailed dynamics of autophagosome extension in plants remain particularly unclear. Here the authors show that the autophagy-related protein, ATG5, forms a torus-shaped domain on the early phagophore in Arabidopsis, and involve the ER in a model for plant autophagosome formation.

The authors use experimental and modelling approaches to understand the response of microbial photosynthesis to peatland warming. They show that warming amplifies microbial photosynthesis, which could offset rising CO₂ emissions from northern peatlands by 6.0–13.7% in 2100 (SSP 2-4.5–SSP 5-8.5).

Regulatory T cells play critical roles in the control and modulation of immune responses. Here the authors implicate heterochromatic gene silencing in the susceptibility of CD4⁺ T cell to regulatory T cell suppressive function in a murine allograft model of inflammation.

Repurposed antiviral drugs present as a valuable resource in the defence during outbreaks, with rigorous evaluation in large animal models keys for translation to clinical implementation. Here, the authors explore the antiviral activity of favipiravir against Zika virus and SARS-CoV-2 in cynomolgus macaques, in order to support future clinical investigations into this RNA polymerase inhibitor.

Analysis of snRNA genes in individuals with rare disorders identifies de novo and recurrent variants in RNU5B-1 and RNU5A-1, in addition to previously unreported cases with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in RNU4-2.

Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy is now commonplace in the clinic, yet such reagents can elicit unwanted side effects due to interactions with Fcγ receptors. Georgiou and colleagues have engineered mAbs that lack such FcγR interactions but retain the ability to activate complement and show that these modified mAbs have efficacious effector function.

In a large multicentric study of patients with advanced NSCLC undergoing anti-PD-1 therapy, the relative abundance of intestinal Akkermansia spp. was shown to associate with changes in the gut microbiome ecosystem and clinical outcomes.

A set of computational and imaging approaches, called MARS-ALT, permits three-dimensional tracking of plant tissue development, including cell lineaging, at cellular resolution. It is applied to the study of floral development in Arabidopsis.

LEAFY is a master transcription factor that regulates flower development through interaction with other proteins such as the F-box UFO. This study shows that UFO unexpectedly acts as a transcriptional cofactor that drives LEAFY to new genomic locations.

How calcium signaling affects dendritic cell (DC) maturation and/or migration is unclear. Launay and colleagues show that absence of the TRPM4 cation channel impairs DC migration but leaves DC maturation unaltered.

Compiling a global geo-database of >30,000 range shifts, the authors show that marine species closely track shifting isotherms, whereas terrestrial species lag behind, probably due to wider thermal safety margins and movement constraints imposed by human activities.

Gobert et al. investigate whether consciousness persists in end-stage Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, traditionally assumed as being fully aware but unable to communicate. Multimodal assessments, including Brain-Computer Interface, suggest some individuals may show degenerative disorder of consciousness rather than a complete Locked-In Syndrome.

Micro-C provides insights into genome organization in Plasmodium falciparum and defines the machinery used to spatially coordinate antigenic variation and stage-specific genes that are crucial for infection.

TAL1 is frequently deregulated in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemias, but the mechanism remains largely unclear. Here the authors show that microinsertions upstream of TAL1 cause its epigenetic reactivation, and that the mode of TAL1activation correlates with prognosis.

Hitherto, only circularly polarized antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin-waves (SWs) were expected to convey spin-information. Here, the authors present persistent spin-transport over long distances in the easy-plane AFM phase of hematite, α-Fe₂O₃, via linearly polarized SW pairs with ultra-low damping.

The presence of H- near the surface of the Moon, with a local surface density of 0.18+0.04-0.03 cm⁻³, is confirmed by measurements from the Negative Ions at the Lunar Surface (NILS) instrument abord the Chang’E-6 lander.

Epigenetic profiles can be predictive of macrophage transcriptional responses to influenza A virus infection in individuals of European and African ancestry. Ancestry-linked epigenetic differences appear to be genetically controlled.

New sodium-ion battery technology requires better control over solid electrolyte interface formation. Here, the authors report a series of ball-milled sodium alloys and enriched insertion electrodes, which act as sodium reservoirs compensating for sodium loss during solid electrolyte interface formation.

T cells require CD28 costimulation for physiological activation. Malissen and colleagues show that the actin-uncapping protein Rltpr is needed to convey CD28 signaling by recruiting PKCθ and Carma1 to the immunological synapse.

In Vibrio cholerae, which has two chromosomes, Chr2 rather than Chr1 harbours binding motifs for an inhibitor of Z-ring formation. This helps accurately position the divisome at mid-cell and postpones its assembly to the very end of the cell cycle.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association analyses in individuals of European and East Asian ancestry identify 11 new risk loci for intracranial aneurysms and highlight a polygenic architecture explaining a substantial fraction of disease heritability.

A case–control study investigating the causes of recent cases of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in 32 children identifies an association between adeno-associated virus infection and host genetics in disease susceptibility.

Immunogenicity of AAV vectors renders repeated AAV dosing ineffective. Here the authors show that coadministration of nanoparticle-encapsulated rapamycin overcomes AAV immunogenicity through Treg induction, enabling efficient AAV redosing in mice and nonhuman primates.

scVI is a ready-to-use generative deep learning tool for large-scale single-cell RNA-seq data that enables raw data processing and a wide range of rapid and accurate downstream analyses.

Using data from the Tara Pacific expedition to investigate symbiont fidelity and patterns of gene expression across a thermal gradient, this study shows that Pocillopora corals have a three-tiered strategy of thermal acclimatization that is underpinned by host–photosymbiont specificity, host transcriptomic plasticity, and differential photosymbiotic associations under extreme warming.

Whether DNA viruses contact specific regions of host genomes or make random contacts is unclear. Here, the authors use Hi-C and show that HBV cccDNA and Ad5 DNA contact preferentially active chromatin at CpG islands for the former and at transcription start sites and enhancers for the latter.

Here, Dias de Melo et al. assess the clinical, olfactory, and neuroinflammatory conditions of golden hamsters infected with SARS-CoV-2 wt and VOCs and report that viruses can infect neurons, travel inside axons, and invade the central nervous system.