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Neural mechanisms mediating information flow and processing in dendrites are not fully understood. Here the authors developed techniques to map bioelectrical excitations in the dendrites of neurons in acute slices of mouse brain tissue. They developed a holistic picture of the roles of dendritic excitations in spike back-propagation.

High-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells offer efficient solutions to complex fuel cell challenges, including fuel flexibility and heat management. Here the authors demonstrate that laser-scribed membranes improve fuel cell durability and boost peak power density by over 50%, providing a more stable and scalable approach for high performance fuel cells.

The ribosome maturation factor Rea1 catalyzes essential steps in the production of the large ribosomal subunit. Here, Busselez et al. describe functionally important conformational changes in Rea1.

The role of the A-site (A=Li, Na, Cu and Ag) cation chemistry on ionic conductivity is studied in A₂ZrCl₆ solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). This work explores the limits of conductivity in halide SSEs, providing new avenues for materials design.

A vascular cell atlas integrating single-cell data of 19 organs and tissues from 62 donors identifies angiotypic and organotypic characteristics of endothelial and mural cells.

Here, Easter et al. generate a single-cell atlas of human periodontium including sulcular and junctional keratinocytes. Cell-cell communication analysis is used to predict keratinocyte-specific immune cell interactions.

A high-resolution kidney cellular atlas of 51 main cell types, including rare and previously undescribed cell populations, represents a comprehensive benchmark of cellular states, neighbourhoods, outcome-associated signatures and publicly available interactive visualizations.

The authors defined a roadmap for investigating the genetic covariance between structural or functional brain phenotypes and risk for psychiatric disorders. Their proof-of-concept study using the largest available common variant data sets for schizophrenia and volumes of several (mainly subcortical) brain structures did not find evidence of genetic overlap.

Cryo-EM analysis of the human CST–Polα/primase complex reveals a metazoan-specific mode of interaction between CST and DNA polymerase α that is proposed to function in telomeric recruitment of Polα/primase for C-strand maintenance.

Through genetic mouse models, pharmacological interventions and in vitro assays, Beck et al. show that thrombin-mediated platelet glycoprotein V (GPV) shedding does not affect platelet activation but prevents excessive thrombin-mediated fibrin deposition and thereby controls hemostasis, thrombosis and thrombo-inflammation. The GPV-mediated spatio-temporal control of fibrin formation on thrombogenic surfaces could be targeted to restrict thrombosis while preserving hemostasis.

In a GWAS study of 32,438 adults, the authors discovered five novel loci for intracranial volume and confirmed two known signals. Variants for intracranial volume were also related to childhood and adult cognitive function and to Parkinson's disease, and enriched near genes involved in growth pathways, including PI3K-AKT signaling.

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) have functions beyond oligodendrogenesis. Here the authors show that OPCs can engulf thalamocortical presynapses in response to sensory experience in mice.

Metalenses that correct chromatic aberration also suffer from reduced focusing efficiency. Here, the authors introduce a Hybrid Achromatic Metalens which merges a metalens and phase plate to offer improved focusing efficiency over a broad wavelength range and diffraction limited imaging performance.

Genome-wide association analyses of intracranial and nine subcortical brain volumes in 74,898 participants of European ancestry identify 254 independent loci and yield polygenic scores accounting for brain variation across ancestries.

Genome-wide analysis identifies variants associated with the volume of seven different subcortical brain regions defined by magnetic resonance imaging. Implicated genes are involved in neurodevelopmental and synaptic signaling pathways.

A COVID-19 test implemented in an automated microfluidic device and leveraging isothermal RNA amplification followed by T7 transcription and Cas13-mediated cleavage of a quenched fluorophore rapidly detects SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva samples.

A two-photon computed tomography approach, called scanned line angular projection microscopy, enables high-speed imaging at over 1 kHz frame rates, as demonstrated for glutamate imaging in the in vivo mouse brain.

A detailed workflow covering 3D pathology, including tissue preparation, imaging with light-sheet fluorescence microscopy, tools for initial data processing in Python (e.g., stitching, intensity leveling and false coloring) and data quality control.

This paper reports the design and spinning of intrinsically red-colored artificial silk fibers. A mini-spidroin variant is engineered as a fusion with the red fluorescent protein mCherry, expressed at high yields in E. coli fed-batch fermentations.

The hippocampus in mammalian brain varies in size across individuals. Here, Hibar and colleagues perform a genome-wide association meta-analysis to find six genetic loci with significant association to hippocampus volume.

An integrated analysis of over 100 single-cell and single-nucleus transcriptomics studies illustrates severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral entry gene coexpression patterns across different human tissues, and shows association of age, smoking status and sex with viral entry gene expression in respiratory cell populations.

Haplotype reconstruction of distant genetic variants is problematic in short-read sequencing. Here, the authors describe HapTree-X, a probabilistic framework that uses differential allele-specific expression to better reconstruct paternal haplotypes from diploid and polyploid genomes.

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias identifies new loci and enables generation of a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.

Genome-wide association studies are used to identify common genetic variants that affect the structure of selected subcortical regions of the human brain; their identification provides insight into the causes of variability in brain development and may help to determine mechanisms of neuropsychiatric dysfunction.

Lea Kollmannsperger and colleagues report the fatigue behaviour of additively manufactured lattice structures under cyclic loading, relating fatigue-induced properties to process characteristics using acoustic emission. The results can help to predict damage during operation through non-destructive testing.

The contamination of water with lead from damaged perovskite solar cells is a key concern. Here, a spherical hydroxyapatite nanoparticle scaffold absorbs lead from a damaged device, keeping lead concentration in water below safe drinking limits.

The surge in metal–organic frameworks for diverse applications has stimulated significant interest in their sustainable and scalable production. Here, the authors develop an ultrasound-assisted two-phase flow reaction platform for the continuous aqueous synthesis of MOFs with sulfonate, imidazolate, and carboxylate ligand chemistries, achieving enhanced nucleation and process efficiency.

Triple knockout of myogenic regulatory genes (MYF5/MYOD/MYF6) completely disrupts skeletal muscle formation, causing embryonic lethality in pigs and highlighting the critical role of myogenesis, providing a platform for humanized muscle engineering in pigs.

Single-cell RNA-sequencing of blood from HIV-1-infected individuals obtained before initiation of antiretroviral therapy provides insights into the initial immune responses during early infection that might shape future outcomes.

Single-cell RNA sequencing is used to characterize cell types in nasal tissues from human patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, revealing a role for tissue stem cells in allergic inflammatory memory.