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Fluorescence methods of multiplexed nucleic-acid detection are often limited by spectral overlap, nonspecific signals, and encoding capacity. Here the authors design a spatial fluorescence barcode platform which uses DNA beads for reusable multiplexed pathogen and cancer biomarker detection.

The 64-plex fluorescence imaging of RNA in tissues is achieved in one imaging cycle

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever caused by tick-borne SFTS virus. Here, Wang et al. characterize transcriptomic and epigenetic changes in infected patients and correlate them with clinical parameters to improve the understanding of disease progression.

Phenotype-based screening is a major bottleneck in the development of microbial cell factories. Here the authors build an AI-powered digital colony picker for single-cell-resolved, contactless screening and export of microbial strains, which identified lactate-tolerant Zymomonas mobilis mutants.

Upconversion nanoparticles offer the potential for deep tissue biological imaging. Here, Chen et al. develop super resolution optical imaging in the near-infrared for imaging with sub-50 nm resolution through almost 100 microns of tissue.

Solid-state sodium metal batteries with oxide solid-state electrolytes still face interfacial challenges. Here, authors report an electroinitiated polymerization strategy that heals interfaces, enhances stability, and enables long-life performance without external pressure.

Early detection and accurate diagnosis of focal liver lesions are crucial for effective treatment and prognosis. Here, the authors present a fully automated diagnostic system that leverages multi-phase CT scans and clinical features, for diagnosing liver lesions.

Development of functional nanostructures can enable a range of applications in imaging and nanoscale science. Here, the authors fabricate and characterize complex heterogeneous nanorods with diverse, tunable sub-wavelength structures.

Radiation-induced malignantly transformed cells undergo multi-scale 3D genome reorganization. TP63 acts as a key mediator, creating accessible chromatin sites that form tumour-specific loops activating the MYC oncogene during malignant transformation.

Oncolytic viruses are able to target tumours and thought to induce apoptosis while remodelling the tumour immune microenvironment. Here authors show in an oncolytic parapoxvirus ovis model that pyroptosis, a highly immunogenic Gasdermin-E-dependent cell death mechanism, is the dominant cell death pathway during virotherapy.

In this study, Qin et al. present a murine-adapted SARS-CoV-2 strain, MASCp36, as a model for studying the pathogenicity, evolution and adaptation of the virus to human and animal hosts.

Lymphocytes need to be slowed down rapidly to enter tissues. Here the authors characterise the arrest of lymphocytes and using a calcium biosensor propose that a rapid drop in extracellular calcium concentration results in integrin activation and lymphocyte arrest.

Neuroimaging of the cerebellum in infants has been challenging. Here the authors describe a framework for cerebellum MRI segmentation in infants up to 2 years.

A well-designed national coal phase-out pathway in China that considers diverse technology portfolios and plant-level sequential decision-making processes can save over 700 billion dollars and elevate mitigation potential.

Super-resolved photonic force microscopy employs the fluorescence of lanthanide-doped nanoparticles as a force probe, enabling the measurement of sub-femtonewton forces with a sensitivity of 1.8 fN Hz^–1/2, approaching the thermal limit.

How the REGγ-proteasome pathway is regulated during the cell cycle or genotoxic insults remains unclear. Here, the authors show that NIP30 acts as a molecular switch to regulate the REGγ-proteasome activity and may provide an approach to combat drug-resistant tumours lacking functional p53.

The underlying mechanisms by which Smad4 loss-of-function accelerates lung cancer metastasis is unclear. Here, the authors show PAK3 as a downstream effector of Smad4 promoting metastatic signalling and suggest Smad4-PAK3 regulation as a point of potential therapy in metastatic lung cancer.

Metal/oxide interface is of fundamental significance to heterogeneous catalysis. Here, the authors construct a nanometer Pd/Bi₂O₃ interface by grafting Pd clusters onto Bi₂O₃ clusters and demonstrate its essential roles in the low-temperature semi-hydrogenation of acetylene.

In this study, the authors isolated and characterized neutralizing antibodies from vaccinated individuals with SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 breakthrough infection and show that elite antibodies derived from specific germlines provide potent pan-variant neutralization capacity and in vivo protection.

Jiang et al. document an abundance of neutrophil-derived migrasomes in the blood of mice and humans and show that migrasomes are enriched in coagulation factors, accumulate at sites of injury and trigger platelet activation and clot formation.

Gong et al. uncover a role for the Golgi network in ER-associated endosome fission, showing that a Golgi-derived SEC14L2 compartment mediates ER-associated endosome fission by promoting PtdIns4P to PtdIns3P conversion.

The authors make a high-density charge structure to enhance the electrostriction of pristine poly (vinylidene fluoride), improving its ferroelectric performance to nearly 10 times its traditional limit.

The neural underpinnings of empathy in response to the pain of others remains poorly understood. Here the authors reveal spatio-temporally specific activities and inter-regional interactions in the empathy network, suggesting a neurodynamic model of human pain empathy.

Yamanaka factors can reprogram somatic and cancer cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. Here, the authors show that the induction of these factors in acute myeloid leukemia leads to apoptosis of leukemia cells in vivo, and this is through modulation of chromatin accessibility to apoptotic genes and accompanied by H3K9me3 dysregulation.

Here, the authors show that single upconversion nanoparticles can generate position-sensitive patterns in the spatial domain when placed on a mirror. They attribute this to the single emitter’s interference with its own mirror image and show how this can be used to obtain axial localisation of the particle.

Phonons on the surface of lanthanide-doped upconversion materials are used to combat thermal quenching, enabling ~2,000-fold emission enhancement.

Olefin/paraffin separations are challenging in chemical industry. Here, authors report a sieving adsorbent for separating C2-C4 olefins from counterpart paraffins. The interlayer spaces are selectively opened via stronger guest-host interactions induced by olefins, as opposed to saturated paraffins.

DNA methylation level declines during aging of mammals. Here, the authors report single-base resolution landscape of cytosine DNA methylation at different ages of Chinese pine and show that the global cytosine DNA methylation gradually increases as age progresses.

Neutrophils are abundant immune cells important for antimicrobial defence and in autoimmunity. Here, by mapping expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in neutrophils of Chinese ethnicity from Singapore, Andiappan et al.provide a resource for understanding immune-related trait associated genetic variants.

The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p18 and p27 confer advantage to the propagation of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). In this manuscript, the authors demonstrate that p18 is a potent negative regulator of HSC self-renewal, and identify novel small molecules putatively inhibiting p18 that promote HSC growth in culture and mouse transplant assays.

During intergroup conflict, decision-makers must often consider whether their actions will harm noncombatant members of the outgroup. Here, Han et al. examine cognitive and neural processes during ‘collateral damage’ scenarios, revealing decreased avoidance of harm to outgroup civilians when conflict escalates.

The growth factor VEGF is known to regulate vasculogenesis but the downstream pathways activated are unclear. Here, the authors report that Sec14l3, a member of the PITP (phosphatidyl inositol transfer proteins) family regulates the formation of zebrafish vasculature by promoting VEGFR2 endocytic trafficking.

Increased yields, reduced food waste and loss, and a shift to healthier diets are key to achieve carbon neutrality, food security and global sustainability simultaneously.

Shi and colleagues describe a subset of erythroid precursors with immune characteristics that can be isolated from the yolk sac to the adult bone marrow stages during human ontogenesis.