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Most confirmed susceptibility variants for epithelial ovarian cancer lie in non-protein-coding sequences. Here Permuth-Wey and colleagues investigate variants in 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) and uncover a new susceptibility locus.

Paul Pharoah, Joellen Schildkraut, Thomas Sellers and colleagues report a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for epithelial ovarian cancer and genotyping using the iCOGS array in 18,174 cases and 26,134 controls from 43 studies from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. They identify three new ovarian cancer susceptibility loci, including one specific to the serous subtype, and their integrated molecular analysis of genes and regulatory regions at these loci suggests disease mechanisms.

A computational optical imaging scheme is able to image the human retina without the need for any adaptive optics hardware.

In this immunological ancillary study of the PREVAC trial, the authors show that approved Ebola virus vaccines induce memory T-cell responses that persist during the five year follow-up after initial vaccination.

Samples of different body regions from hundreds of human donors are used to study how genetic variation influences gene expression levels in 44 disease-relevant tissues.

Studies of gene expression in lung cancer have the potential to affect patient care, but the general applicability of the derived classifiers is unclear. David Beer and his colleagues now analyze more than 400 lung tumors from subjects at six institutions using eight different classifiers and show that the combination of molecular and clinical data best predicts patient survival (pages 812–813).

It is unclear whether climate driven phenological shifts of tundra plants are consistent across the plant growing season. Here the authors analyse data from a network of field warming experiments in Arctic and alpine tundra, finding that warming differentially affects the timing and duration of reproductive and vegetative phenology.

Proteome analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) colorectal cancer specimens reveals that DNA- or RNA-level measurements cannot reliably predict protein abundance, colorectal tumours can be separated into distinct proteotypes, and that copy number alterations drive mRNA abundance changes but few extend to protein-level changes.

Chromosome-scale assembly for the cultivated octoploid strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) uncovers the origin and evolutionary processes that shaped this complex allopolyploid, providing a useful resource for genome-wide analyses and molecular breeding.

Cognitive function is associated with health and important life outcomes. Here, the authors perform a genome-wide association study for general cognitive function in 300,486 individuals and identify genetic loci that implicate neural and cell developmental pathways in this trait.

PTSD has been associated with DNA methylation of specific loci in the genome, but studies have been limited by small sample sizes. Here, the authors perform a meta-analysis of DNA methylation data from 10 different cohorts and identify CpGs in AHRR that are associated with PTSD.

The MAGIC investigators report results of a large genome-wide association study meta-analysis to identify common variants influencing fasting glucose homeostasis. They further show that several of the newly discovered loci influencing glycemic traits are also associated with risk of type 2 diabetes.

Solar and wind resources are dependent on geophysical constraints. Here the authors find that solar and wind power resources can satisfy countries’ electricity demand of between 72–91% of hours, but hundreds of hours of unmet demand may occur annually.

Aedes aegypti can act as a vector for viral pathogens but the mechanism of viral resistance and evolving host-pathogen tolerance are poorly understood. Here the authors structurally characterise a duplicated pair of interacting Toll immunoreceptors and the cytokine ligand Spaetzle1C and show their dose-dependent function and mechanism of activation.

It is known that exercise influences many human traits, but not which tissues and genes are most important. This study connects transcriptome data collected across 15 tissues during exercise training in rats as part of the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium with human data to identify traits with similar tissue specific gene expression signatures to exercise.

Fruit colour is a trait that affects the harvesting, and therefore oil yield, of the economically important oil palm. Here, the authors identify a gene that may control fruit colour in the oil palm and suggest that selection for this gene during early development could advance the breeding potential of this important crop.

Poor responses of liver metastases to the anti-angiogenic agent bevacizumab in patients with colorectal and breast cancer correlate with tumor co-option of pre-existing blood vessels, a mechanism of tumor resistance that might be targeted by the inhibition of cancer cell motility.

Neuroinflammation is observed in Alzheimer’s disease. Here the authors show that 15 proteins related to inflammation found in CSF can potentially be used as a prognostic biomarker.

Large-scale sequence-based analyses identify novel risk variants and susceptibility genes for Crohn’s disease, and implicate mesenchymal cell-mediated intestinal homeostasis in disease etiology.

The dynamics of complex physical systems can be determined by the balance of a few dominant processes. Callaham et al. propose a machine learning approach for the identification of dominant regimes from experimental or numerical data with examples from turbulence, optics, neuroscience, and combustion.

A computational approach to generate reference-free protein families from the sequence space in metagenomes reveals an enormously diverse functional space.

The spike protein of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has a higher affinity for ACE2 than Delta, and a marked change in its antigenicity increases Omicron’s evasion of therapeutic and vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies.

Agriculture dependent on snowmelt will face serious challenges under climate change, which increases risks for countries that import these crop products. Food security and livelihoods in countries heavily exposed to global food trade may be vulnerable even though domestic production is not affected.

Transcriptomic analyses of acute phase whole blood from a large cohort of patients with COVID-19 identify molecular determinants of post-infection long-term sequelae.

Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is synthesized by four separate pathways, although surprisingly, perturbing mitochondrial PE synthesis compromises mitochondrial function. Here, the authors show that mitochondrial PE synthesis is required for Complex III function and challenge PE trafficking dogma.

Antifungal triazoles inhibit biosynthesis of ergosterol, a crucial component of the fungal plasma membrane. Here, Xie et al. show that Erg6, the enzyme that catalyzes a previous step in ergosterol biosynthesis, is essential for the viability of Aspergillus fumigatus, and its repression reduces the virulence of this fungal pathogen in an animal model of infection.

Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is one of the most common reasons for corneal transplantation, and is known to cluster in families. Here, the authors discover new genetic loci associated with FECD with sex-specific effects and implications for disease mechanism.

An individual star at z = 1.49 is gravitationally lensed and highly magnified by a foreground galaxy cluster. Fluctuations in the star’s emission provide insight on the mass function of intracluster stars, compact objects and the presence of dark-matter subhaloes.

The huge amount of data generated in fields like neuroscience or finance calls for effective strategies that mine data to reveal underlying dynamics. Here Brunton et al.develop a data-driven technique to analyze chaotic systems and predict their dynamics in terms of a forced linear model.

A previous human HIV-1 vaccine clinical trial, boosting with HIV envelope protein from two strains, demonstrated moderate vaccine efficacy. Here, Bradleyet al. show that a pentavalent HIV envelope protein boost improves protection from viral challenge in non-human primates and they identify immune correlates of protection.

In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) tau and neurodegeneration have complex regional relationships. Here, the authors show neuronal hypometabolism discordant with tau burden defines functional resilience or susceptibility to Alzheimer’s pathology via limbic/cortical axes. Susceptible groups have faster cognitive decline and evidence of non-Alzheimer’s pathologies.

Activating the expression of host susceptibility (S) genes is one of the strategies plant pathogens employed to promote infection of their host. Here, the authors show that targeted methylation at the TAL20 effector binding element of the cassava SWEET10a gene lead to resistance to Xanthomonas phaseoli.

Although multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry holds considerable promise for quantifying candidate protein biomarkers in blood, transferability of MRM assays between laboratories has never been shown. Addona et al. assess the reproducibility, dynamic range and limits of detection and quantification of MRM across multiple sites.

Several studies show that APOE-ε4 coding variants are associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk. Here, Zhou et al. perform fine-mapping of the APOE region and find AD risk haplotypes with non-coding variants in the PVRL2 and APOC1 regions that are associated with relevant endophenotypes.

The tau protein is theorized to spread transneuronally in Alzheimers disease, though this theory remains unproven in humans. Our simulations of epidemic-like protein spreading across human brain networks support this theory, and suggest the spreading dynamics are modified by β-amyloid

Triazole antifungals are widely used and exert their action by inhibiting ergosterol biosynthesis. Here, Rybak et al show that these drugs both inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis and induce accumulation of pathway intermediates that directly induce inhibition of sterol synthesis.

Results for the final phase of the 1000 Genomes Project are presented including whole-genome sequencing, targeted exome sequencing, and genotyping on high-density SNP arrays for 2,504 individuals across 26 populations, providing a global reference data set to support biomedical genetics.

Genome-wide analyses in >1 million individuals identify new loci and pathways associated with insomnia. The findings implicate key brain areas and cell types in the neurobiology of insomnia and highlight potential targets for developing new treatments.

Tightly regulated promoters with strong inducibility and scalability are highly desirable for biological applications. Here the authors describe ‘Jungle Express’, a EilR repressor-based broad host system activated by cationic dyes.

Teleportation of a photonic qubit is demonstrated on a reconfigurable photonic chip. All of the key elements of the teleportation protocol are performed. The average fidelity for the three linearly independent quantum states is higher than the classical limit, which certifies the capability of teleporting a general quantum state.

Household income is used as a marker of socioeconomic position, a trait that is associated with better physical and mental health. Here, Hill et al. report a genome-wide association study for household income in the UK and explore its relationship with intelligence in post-GWAS analyses including Mendelian randomization.

The 501Y.V2 variant of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa became dominant over other variants within weeks of its emergence, suggesting that this variant is linked to increased transmissibility or immune escape.

Genome-wide meta-analysis of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and AD-by-proxy (71,880 AD cases, 383,378 controls) identifies new loci and functional pathways that contribute to AD risk.