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Using blood-based genome sequence data, non-genetic and genetic factors associated with control of Epstein–Barr virus during persistent infection are reported.

A genome-wide association study highlights a variant in DOCK2, which is common in East Asian populations but rare in Europeans, as a host genetic risk factor for severe COVID-19.

Solid-state electrolytes that operate at a temperature of 300 °C suffer from a H⁺ concentration–conductivity trade-off. Here heavy Sc doping of cubic perovskites is shown to bypass this trade-off, enabling a proton conductivity of 0.01 S cm⁻¹ that arises from rapid proton diffusion along ScO₆ octahedra.

A single-cell multiomic immune cell atlas from 235 Japanese, including patients with COVID-19 and healthy individuals, linked with host genetics including germline and somatic mutation, plasma proteomics and metagenomics data reveals that immune cells are dynamically regulated in a cell state-dependent manner.

Genetic mechanisms influencing COVID-19 susceptibility are not well understood. Here, the authors analyzed whole blood RNA-seq data of 465 Japanese individuals with COVID-19, highlighting thousands of fine-mapped variants affecting expression and splicing of genes, as well as the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs.

Analysis of the blood DNA virome in patients with COVID-19 and autoimmune disease associates endogenous HHV-6 (eHHV-6) and high anellovirus load with increased disease risk, most notably for systemic lupus erythematosus. eHHV-6 carriers show a distinct immune response.

Scientists demonstrate strong coupling between distant nanocavities separated by more than 100 wavelengths as well as dynamic control over the coupling state. The strong coupling state can be stopped on demand by irradiating one of the nanocavities with a control pulse, thus freezing the photon state.

Anhydrous proton-conducting materials capable of operating at high temperature are required for fuel-cell applications. Encapsulation of a proton-carrier imidazole molecule in aluminium porous coordination polymers in anhydrous conditions results in high proton conductivity above 100 ^∘C.

The evolution of appendicular muscles in bony fishes and cartilaginous fishes remains unclear. Here, the authors show that migratory muscle precursor cells, known from bony fishes, are also present in catsharks.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 73 Japanese patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 75 healthy controls were analyzed using single-cell transcriptomics. Combining these data with genotyping data highlights the interplay between host genetics and the immune response in modulating disease severity.

Whole-transcriptome sequencing of a subset of 75 non-small-cell lung cancer specimens in a multi-institutional genome screening study identified a fusion of the CLIP1 and LTK genes with transformational potential due to constitutive LTK kinase activity.

The molecular heterogeneity of KMT2A-rearranged infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains poorly characterised. Here, the authors perform multi-omics analysis for 84 ALL patients and suggest 5 distinct subgroups for risk stratification and personalised treatment.’

Photonic bandgap materials are envisioned to provide the necessary tools for guiding and manipulating photons in optical circuits. So far, basic approaches for photonic control have been based on embedding artificial defects and light emitters inside three-dimensional materials. Here it is demonstrated that three-dimensional photonic crystals possess two-dimensional surface states that can easily be manipulated to control photons, providing an alternative approach.

Real-time fluorescence imaging analysis with a reconstitution system revealed binding dynamics of Hsp104/Ssa1/Sis1 chaperones to Sup35 amyloid and two distinct modes of amyloid disaggregation, fragmentation and dissolution.

Using more than 100 independent iPSC lines derived from patients with Alzheimer’s disease, the authors discovered loci associated with the neuronal production of amyloid β and confirmed their influence using RNA interference.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

Somatic mutations in ASXL1 lead to clonal hematopoiesis, and Sato et al. elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which mutated ASXL1 in hematopoietic cells drives atherosclerosis in mice.

BRD9 is a core non-canonical BAF component. Here the authors show that BRD9 plays a pivotal role in regulating the disease-related cell fate of hematopoietic stem cells. Its loss promotes myeloid skewing while impairing B cell development by altering CTCF-mediated chromatin states.

Light energy transfer from abundant hydroxylated carotenoids to the retinal moiety of widespread light-driven proton pumps is detected.

Genomic resources for cartilaginous fishes are scarce. Here, the authors sequence the genome of three sharks and provide insights on the molecular basis of adaptation to underwater lifestyle and the evolutionary origins of vertebrates.

The realization of a BT.2020 blue emitter is challenging due to the spectral redshift associated with π-extension. Here, the authors report a multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter, exhibiting ultrapure deep-blue narrow emission and CIEy ≤ 0.05 exceeding 20% efficiency.

Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) in chronic myeloid leukemia are resistant to imatinib and therefore are a cause of relapse. The authors show that IRAK1/4-NF-κB-PD-L1 signaling is critical to mediate imatinib resistance in LSCs and that combining imatinib with blocking this signalling pathway can eliminate LSCs.

MDM2 is frequently overexpressed in acute myeloid leukaemia leading to p53 inactivation. Here, the authors are demonstrating that an inhibitor of p53-MDM2 interaction, DS-5272, induce in vivo tumour regression through immune response regulation.

An optimized design for a broad-area surface-emitting photonic-crystal laser leads to high brightness of over 300 MW cm^–2 sr^–1 and an output power of 10 W under pulsed excitation.

Understanding the thermal transitions of confined polymers is important for the design of molecular scale devices. In this study, unusual thermal transitions are observed in polyethylene glycol chains incorporated in nanochannels of porous coordination polymers.

Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease featuring systemic involvement. Here authors show that the two major clinical manifestations of the disease, erythema and papulation, are distinguished by differential interplay between local skin and systemic immunity, uncovered by integrated transcriptomics.