The gut microbiota-derived metabolite indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) is found to enhance mitochondrial fatty acid and amino acid oxidation in CD4+ T cells. In mice, IPA-mediated metabolic reprogramming of CD4+ T cells exerts anti-inflammatory effects and protects against colitis.
- Qing Li
- Rodrigo de Oliveira Formiga
- Harry Sokol
