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The Singapore Genome Variation projects characterized the genetics of Singapore’s Chinese, Malay, and Indian populations. The Singapore Integrative Omics Study introduced here goes further in providing multi-omic measurements in individuals from these populations, including genetic, transcriptome, lipidome, and lifestyle data, and will facilitate the study of common diseases in Asian communities.

Several periods of massive iceberg discharge into the North Atlantic and widespread cooling marked the last glacial period. Reconstructions of northward flow along the Florida margin suggest that not all cold events were associated with a change in the strength of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.

Dynamic network models offer insight into brain networks affected by epileptic seizures. Here the authors derive ViEEG (virtual intracranial EEG) from non-invasive MEG recordings that show brain areas involved in seizure generation in patients with epilepsy.

Cocaine chemogenetics in rats is a selective approach for countering drug reinforcement by clamping dopamine release in the presence of cocaine.

Reconstructions and observations of Earth's surface temperature are used to examine variability at scales from annual to Milankovitch (23 and 41 kyr) cycles and find that temperature variability is linked at all timescales in response to deterministic solar forcing.

Investigation of variation in three cohorts has identified multiple genetic signals associated with the pregnancy-specific liver disorder, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, giving insight into the disease which can cause preterm birth and stillbirth.

Whole-genome sequencing analysis of individuals with primary immunodeficiency identifies new candidate disease-associated genes and shows how the interplay between genetic variants can explain the variable penetrance and complexity of the disease.

The developmental origin of oligodendrocytes has been a contentious issue for years. Richardson and colleagues review the complexity of the debate, and show that oligodendrocyte development results from competition among precursors from dorsal and ventral parts of the ventricular zone.

Whole-genome sequencing and phenotype data sharing are introduced in a national health system to streamline diagnosis and to discover coding and non-coding variants that cause rare diseases.

Safely opening university campuses has been a major challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, the authors describe a program of public health measures employed at a university in the United States which, combined with other non-pharmaceutical interventions, allowed the university to stay open in fall 2020 with limited evidence of transmission.

High-grade meningiomas have a poor prognosis with virtually no effective systemic therapies. Here, the authors report results of a phase 2 clinical trial demonstrating safety and activity of pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, in patients with recurrent and residual high-grade meningiomas.

The North Atlantic Oscillation controls winter climate variability in eastern North America and Europe. Coral-derived records of sea surface temperature in Bermuda suggest that multidecadal variability of the North Atlantic Oscillation has increased in the past few decades relative to the early nineteenth century.

Ratios of the radionuclides thorium-230 and protactinium-231 in sediment record ongoing export of ²³¹Pa from the deep central Arctic Ocean and may indicate continuous deep-water exchange between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans throughout the past 35,000 years.

Analysis of sediment cores from the Florida Straits is used to reconstruct changes in the Gulf Stream over the past 1,000 years. Results suggest that volume transport was lower during the Little Ice Age (AD ∼1200 to 1850) than at present, implying that a reduction in heat transport by the Gulf Stream contributed to cooling in the North Atlantic during this period.

Patients with glioblastoma experience lymphopenia and sequestration of T cells in the bone marrow, which is recapitulated in mice with brain tumors, where the reversible nature of this effect is demonstrated by an approach that enables the efficacy of other immunotherapeutics.

BiTE-secreting CAR-T cells overcome antigen escape from EGFRvIII-targeted therapy for glioblastoma.

Although North Atlantic deep-water formation was greatly reduced during the last glacial maximum, bottom-water currents were as vigorous as at present. However, they were weakened during periods of North Atlantic surface freshening. A strong correlation can be seen between bottom-water-current strength and Greenland air-temperature records, thus confirming a close connection between ocean circulation and abrupt climate change.

Functional morphemes allow us to express details about objects, events, and their relationships. Here, authors show that inhibiting a small cortical area within left posterior superior temporal lobe selectively impairs the ability to produce functional morphemes but does not impair other linguistic abilities.

Traumatic brain injury is associated with changes to the metabolome. Here the authors show that acute traumatic brain injury has distinctive serum metabolic patterns which may suggest protective changes of systemic lipid metabolism aiming to maintain lipid homeostasis in the brain.

Following a hypothesized complete cessation of carbon dioxide emissions, global climate models simulate approximately constant global mean temperatures for centuries. Long-term simulations with the Canadian Earth System Model suggest that, on these timescales, regional changes in temperature and precipitation are nevertheless significant, and that Southern Ocean warming at intermediate depths could affect the stability of Antarctic ice.

Glioblastomas are difficult to treat, and patients have a poor prognosis. Knowledge of the molecular pathogenesis of glioma has launched an era of targeted-therapies, which are discussed in this Review article. Biomarkers, novel trial design, and the identification of molecular subgroups are other advances that are explored here.

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Human glioblastoma cells release microvesicles containing a diverse set of proteins, miRNAs and mRNAs, which can be taken up by normal host cells that translate the mRNA. Glioma-derived microvesicles carrying the specific tumour markers EGFRvIII and miRNA-21 promote cell proliferation and may serve as a diagnostic tool.