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The bacterial type-IV Thoeris system produces, in response to phage infection, a signal molecule that triggers protein degradation and stops viral replication. Here, the authors identify a phage protein that sequesters the signal, thus blocking the antiviral response.

The authors develop a polyvinylidene fluoride and mica bimorph to enhance pyroelectric response. The secondary pyroelectric contribution employs interfacial thermal stress to improve the pyroelectric performance for flexible electronics.

UK BioCoin is a framework that efficiently generates customized GWAS results without individual data. It is validated through various applications as a promising privacy-preserving paradigm for large-scale biobank studies.

This study shows that reduced Mll5 impairs microglial phagocytosis via TREM2- SGK3-GSK3β signaling, causing ASD-like behaviors in mice, while lithium chloride was shown to rescue deficits.

Mpox persists in North America without extinction, raising concerns of future outbreaks. Authors combined phylodynamics and microsimulation to show how viral introductions and rebounding sexual behaviors promote mpox persistence in Los Angeles.

This study reveals temperature-dependent accumulation of RNA-DNA hybrids that compromise genome stability and contribute to fertility conversion in tms5, the most widely deployed thermosensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) locus in rice.

This study marks the spatial cell atlas of Toxocara canis neuroinvasion in mice, which reveals microenvironment of host-parasite interactions and offers insights into helminth-induced neurological dysfunction and chronic neurological disorders.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a common mechanism for acquired resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Here, the authors discover that ZEB1-mediated repression of ELMO3 creates a synthetic-lethal dependence on ELMO2, and that inhibiting ELMO2 selectively kills mesenchymal-like cells and EGFR TKIs–resistant cancer cells.

In this study, the authors find that the perirhinal cortex controls hippocampal seizures in male mice via multiple downstream circuits that arise from distinct neuronal subpopulations, including projections to the fasciola cinerea, highlighting it as a promising therapeutic target.

Hybrid neural networks often underperform compared to conventional neural networks because of their low array utilization. Lu et al. propose a programmable spiking architecture that leverages photonic reconfigurable devices to integrate synaptic and neuronal functions without compromising performance.

DISC1 has pleiotropic functions and is strongly associated to mental disorders. Here, authors reveal a tetrameric core of DISC1 that impinges on well conserved, bacteria derived dimerisation domains. Importantly, such arrangement confers multivalency in DISC1 binding to its many partners.

Pseudouridine is a widespread RNA modification implicated in the regulation of gene expression. Here, authors show that PUS7 relocalization changes mRNA pseudouridylation, reshapes the proteome, and enhances cell fitness.

This study of a mnemonic technique found that highly effective memory is supported by “conjunctive” representations in the brain’s Default Mode Network, which reflects the unique, creative details used to link new information to a schema.

How genetic traits spread in populations over time will depend on variation in the environment. This study finds that a mutant’s fixation probability is increased by small environmental gradients, but is substantially decreased by large environmental gradients.

Structuring liquids can be achieved by jamming particles at the oil-water interface, but this can require modification of the particles. Here, the authors report the use of cyclodextrin derivatives to give jammed yet porous packing and therefore mechanical rigidity and high free volume.

Radioactive organic wastewater poses environmental challenges. Here, authors develop a photoelectrochemical system, Ni-modified TiO₂ nanotube arrays photoanode and β-cyclodextrin polymer cathode, that simultaneously achieves over 99% uranyl extraction and nearly complete urea removal.

Deng et al. leverage AI and large-scale transcriptome data to map drought-response gene networks, uncovering conserved and lineage-specific regulatory patterns, and revealing that drought resistance is shaped by network architecture, not only individual genes.

How innate immune signaling affects the stability of modified mRNA therapeutics remains to be explored. The authors here identify a type I interferon–P-body–XRN1 axis that limits modified IVT mRNA stability.

The neural basis of behavioral adaptation to temperature is not fully understood. Here authors show that zebrafish larvae keep hunting performance stable across a 10°C range. As temperature increases, brain activity and tail beats speed up while movement duration shortens, preserving distance and capture success, consistent with neural time scaling.

Sliding ferroelectricity arises from the insurgence of electronic polarization perpendicular to the layers of 2D systems. Authors show that exciton condensation contributes significantly to stabilizing ferroelectricity in the paradigmatic WTe2 bilayer.

The authors developed a microbiome-based metric that predicts an individual’s biological age, all-cause mortality risk, frailty, and susceptibility to major age-related chronic diseases.

Aerogels are promising for thermal insulation materials, though often have unfavorable mechanical properties. Here the authors design an aramid nanofiber aerogel to optimize mechanical and insulative properties.

MyD88 is an immune adaptor protein that self-assembles via its TIR domain to initiate TLR and inflammatory signaling. Here, authors reveal the cryo-EM structure of MyD88 TIR filaments and show how dimerized receptors directly nucleate this assembly.

Combinatorial optimization demands scalable and efficient hardware. Here, Yang et al. demonstrate a spintronic probabilistic Ising machine that accelerates sampling, and points toward large-scale energy-efficient optimization.

Osteochondral repair is difficult due to tissue complexity. Here, authors develop a sandwiched hydrogel scaffold with a wavy calcified layer as a strategy to alleviate stress concentration and protect articular cartilage for osteochondral regeneration.

A strain-release-driven, one-pot carbonyl 1,2-transposition of ubiquitous cyclic ketones is reported. This operationally simple method leverages highly strained cycloalkyne intermediates generated in situ, enabling broad substrate scope and late-stage structural editing of natural products and pharmaceuticals.

Five years of experimental warming on the Tibetan Plateau reveals a permafrost tipping point at 2–4 °C. Deep carbon is released faster than plants can capture it, transforming ecosystems into strong carbon sources that intensify climate change.

Cryo-EM analysis of amyloid fibrils from patients with hereditary ApoA-I amyloidosis shows that different disease mutations can produce distinct fibril structures depending on their position relative to the fibril core, which may influence organ damage and clinical outcomes.

While virtual reality is a common research tool, the extent to which its neural findings translate to real-world navigation remains unclear. This study suggests that neural representations of space and task diverge significantly between the two environments.

Epigenetic dysregulation is a central driver of the progressive remodeling seen in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with specific factors to be further explored. The authors here show Hdac11 drives lung fibrosis by repressing Parkin-dependent mitophagy, which is associated with enhanced macrophage M2-type polarization and myofibroblast trans-differentiation.

This study found COVID-19 vaccination offers added protection against reinfection in children and adolescents with prior infection but variable effectiveness across variants. Findings support vaccination benefits beyond infection-acquired immunity.

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) affects mRNAs with premature termination codons (PTC). Using Direct RNA sequencing, the authors identified thousands of short poly(A)-tailed transcripts specifically bound and destabilized by the NMD machinery and representing a new class of targets.

Enhancer RNAs and other noncoding RNAs are difficult to monitor in living cells. Here, the authors develop REDDIT, a sensitive reporter for tracking transcription of coding and noncoding RNAs, and use it to identify pathways regulating a lncRNA and an enhancer RNA in stem cells.

Wound fibrosis after amputation in mammals is replaced with regeneration of amputated structural elements by sequential FGF2/BMP2 treatment. Regenerated tissues include phalangeal/sesamoid bones, tendon/ligament, synovial joint, articular cartilage.

The brain’s contribution to abstract decision-making is largely unknown. Here, the authors show that the premotor cortex neural dynamics support the linking of perceptual stimuli to rank-ordered structures, managing abstract information to form motor plans.

The authors display a comprehensive study on the manipulation of topology and altermagnetism by controlling the hybridization of the surface states and the Fermi level of topological insulators.

The authors describe a model of a one-dimensional optical lattice of highly magnetic lanthanide atoms featuring anisotropic spin-spin interactions and a tunable onsite interaction. Combining analytical and numerical techniques, they unveil a complex phase diagram hosting different superconductors, a topological liquid, and a topological triplet superconductor.

The phenotypic and functional heterogeneity of Natural Killer (NK) cells between immunologically distinct tumor types has not been extensively investigated. Here, the authors combine multi-omic approaches, analysis of patient cohorts, and preclinical mouse models, comparing HGSOC to NSCLC as putative checkpoint-resistant and sensitive tumours. They observe an enrichment in NKG2A⁺ NK cells in HGSOC and propose that its inhibition boosts NK cell-CD8⁺ T cell interactions for improved cancer immunotherapy.

This study shows that melanocytes in vitiligo undergo reversible dedifferentiation driven by changes in the skin microenvironment. Targeting these pathways restores pigmentation, suggesting new therapeutic strategies for repigmentation.

Converting basic chemicals into high-value products via electrosynthesis combines sustainability with economic benefits. Here, the authors report a redox-mediated domino electrosynthesis of N,N-dimethylformamide with industrial-relevant productivity and modularized cathodic integration.

Solid-state organic optical limiters for laser protection suffer from aggregation quenching. Here, the authors use coordination-bond anchoring strategy to overcome this and achieve an enhancement of nonlinear absorption coefficient.

Ancient rocks from northwest Scotland show that early continental crust formed in water-rich environments. The data suggest that primordial water was already present in the lower crust and was recycled from altered surface rocks into deeper crustal levels.

Complex axial skeletal morphology has evolved in mammals and some reptiles. Here the authors combine morphometrics with a maximum likelihood model to find that axial heterogeneity is associated with body size in most reptiles and with flight more generally, pointing to multiple independent origins of axial complexity.

Risk profiling based on how BMI interacts with cardiovascular markers was useful in the general population. In type 1 diabetes— where cardiovascular risk is already high— these profiles are notably valuable for tailored approaches as they reveal how high glucose may hide other risk factors

This study elucidates the regulatory function of the PcabHLH58/PcabHLH151- PcaSCL33/PcaPLT1-WOX5 module in poplar adventitious root development and nitrogen uptake, while PcaPAR1 forms a feedback regulatory loop with PcabHLH58/PcabHLH151.

Random telegraph noise (RTN) reveals charge trapping dynamics in nanoscale electronic devices. Here, authors demonstrate optically controlled RTN in a CuScP2S6/MoS₂ heterostructure, enabling field and light-tunable defect activity and noise resilient neuromorphic image encoding.

CD4⁺ T cells play critical roles in the immune response to intracellular bacterial infection. Here the authors suggest that CD4⁺ T cells can protect in a murine model of Salmonella infection but that the protection occurs in females and is oestrogen dependent.

The authors demonstrate that an autoencoder-based neuromorphic architecture combined with Fowler-Nordheim annealing, is sufficient to implement scalable higher-order Ising machines. They show that these machines can consistently produce state-of-the-art solutions with high reliability and competitive time-to-solution metrics.

Currently, little is known about the baseline burden or the clonal dynamics of cancer driver mutations in the normal human colon. Here, the authors employ targeted amplicon sequencing, computational modeling and spatial transcriptomics to characterize the prevalence, behavior and evolutionary fate of cancer driver mutant clones in the normal human colon, allowing a reassessment of the origins of colorectal cancer.

Deformation experiments on olivine at mantle transition zone pressures (~20 GPa) demonstrate temperature-dependent transformation–deformation coupling that explains both deep-focus earthquakes and deep slab weakening.