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Deciding between partial nephrectomy (PN) or radical nephrectomy (RN) in patients with complex renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains a significant clinical challenge. Here, the authors develop an AI model for functional risk stratification in complex RCC using preoperative computed tomography images and clinical data, aiming to assist treatment choice for complex RCC patients, for whom PN is challenging but remains feasible.

The authors study out-of-time-ordered correlators and Holevo information in a Rydberg atom array, revealing the collapse-and-revival of quantum information in a constrained many-body system.

Bamboo can be processed into high performance structural material if its mechanical strength and homogeneity are enhanced. Here the authors report a strategy to process natural bamboo into a lightweight, robust, and durable structural material with high strengths in longitudinal and transversal directions through bonding network reconstruction.

Metabolic reprogramming and the tumor microenvironment (TME) shape pancreatic cancer progression and treatment response. Here, the authors map cell–type–specific metabolic and TME features to define three tumor subtypes with distinct immune profiles and differential responses to existing and proposed therapeutic strategies.

The origin of asteroid (469219) Kamo‘oalewa, target of China’s Tianwen-2 mission, is debated. Here, the authors show that it probably originated from the Flora family and it resembles asteroid (25143) Itokawa-like composition but with a more space-weathered surface.

This work demonstrates a self-powered, event-nature artificial spherical compound eye that achieved ultrafast and panoramic motion sensing under 0 V, particularly suitable for resource-limited drones and robotics.

Efficient removal of nitrogen-rich wastewater while recovering valuable chemicals remains a major challenge for sustainable water treatment. Here, the authors develop an integrated electrochemical membrane system that achieves near-complete urea removal and effective recovery of potassium hydroxide.

Toroidal topologies and helicity are fundamental in topological photonics, yet their interplay in electromagnetic excitations remains underexplored. Here, the authors introduce a theoretical and experimental framework for generating toroidal helical pulses, paving the way for advanced applications in light-matter interactions and data transfer through controllable helicity and non-transverse topology.

All-solid-state batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their potential for high specific energy and safety, but they struggle to operate stably under low pressure. Here, the authors reveal that fluorine atoms can spontaneously form stable bulk and interfacial structures through rapid diffusion kinetics, thereby improving the ability of all-solid-state batteries to operate stably under low pressure.

Direct recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries is a promising and essential approach to address challenges related to energy security and resource sustainability. Herein, authors report an upcycling strategy that reconstructs degraded ternary layered oxide cathode materials into Li-rich oxides. The strategy is scaled to kilogram-level production and enables an energy density of 377 Wh kg⁻¹ in a 14 Ah pouch cell.

Molecular characteristics of amniote lineages can inform evolutionary inference. Here, the authors present a single-cell RNA-sequencing atlas of the chicken, which is applied to compare immune cells of chicken, turtle, duck and human, determining similarities and distinctions across amniote immune system evolution.

Authors apply chiral engineering to tripeptide-drug conjugates (PDC), observing liquid-liquid phase separation for some PDCs with alternating L/D amino acids, while others form β-sheet-rich hydrogels. Chirality-controlled phase behavior offers a strategy to control phase transition and material properties in PDCs.

Skin lesions are common manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Here, the authors present a spatial transcriptomic atlas of lesional skin from patients with lupus and identify an acute inflammatory signature in SLE, contrasting with chronic damage in tertiary lymphoid structures in discoid lupus.

The authors reveal a two-stage formation of density-wave order in nickelate La4Ni3O10 at ambient pressure. First, a short-range charge order develops in the inner Ni-O layer, accompanied by a dramatic enhancement of spin fluctuations, followed by fully-developed charge and spin orders at lower temperature.

Fibroblast heterogeneity is a hallmark of fibrosis including in the kidney, but their precise roles in driving renal fibrosis are incompletely understood. Here the authors report that a switch to a CD248⁺ extra cellular matrix -producing fibroblast subset contributes to kidney fibrosis, and blocking CD248 with a monoclonal antibody mitigates the phenotype in male mice.

High endothelial venules (HEVs) are an underexplored metastatic route. The authors show that breast cancer cells spreading via HEVs are less immunogenic due to ALOX12-driven immune evasion.

A randomised trial in metformin-treated type 2 diabetes found once-weekly efsubaglutide improved HbA1c and fasting glucose, reduced weight, and enhanced meal-stimulated insulin secretion with mainly mild GI side effects.

Digital defocus aberration interference, a physics-based defocus detection method, enables fast, reliable autofocus for thin and thick samples and improves digital refocusing for automated, high-throughput optical microscopy.

Here they assemble a cross-species single-cell transcriptomic atlas of mammalian placentas and show that trophoblast diversification underlies placental evolution, while identifying TGIF1 as a regulator associated with preeclampsia and pregnancy loss.

Zhang et al. report a multifunctional molecule to control the growth of quasi-2D perovskite nanocrystals, reducing defects and ion migration. This enables pure-red LEDs with an efficiency of 30.2%, operational stability of 8426 min, and 12.25 cm² devices maintaining above 20% efficiencies.

Here, the authors develop an autophagy-targeting influenza A virus attenuated vaccine that leverages the host autophagy machinery to manipulate viral protein degradation. This attenuated virus vaccine is able to elicit robust humoral, mucosal and cellular immune responses.

Florets of indica rice open earlier than japonica rice, hindering utilization of the cross subspecies heterosis. Here, the authors show that an OsMYB8-OsJAR1 module regulates diurnal floret opening time divergences between the two subspecies.

CNS injury disrupts neural circuits, with poor regeneration due to HDAC retention and hostile environments. Here, the authors show a nanosystem with LMK-235 that forms electroactive scaffolds and promotes regeneration and enhances synaptic reconnection

Cation migration plays a critical role in the evolution of perovskite electrodes but is not fully understood. Here, the authors combine theory and experiment to show that cation migration coupled with phase segregation forms a highly active nanocomposite electrode.

Real-time motion perception challenges conventional CMOS sensors due to missing inter-pixel correlations. Liu et al. report a pixel-free sensor that enables energy-efficient, low-latency machine vision, reducing raw data requirements by a factor of 200 while maintaining over 98% accuracy in motion recognition.

How single-neuron network topology shapes neuronal function and learning remains unclear. By tracking thousands of neurons in monkey PPC across learning, the authors show that network topology at single-neuron resolution facilitates both global and modular neural processing to mediate task performance and learning.

This study reveals how plants balance growth with survival under low-oxygen conditions. The signaling module SnRK1–RAP2.4h–PIP2 fine-tunes this trade-off, offering a potential target to improve crop flood tolerance.

The authors highlight the role of miR-30a-3p from adipocyte small extracellular vesicle in driving hepatocyte lipotoxicity in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

The manuscript describes two pathogenic mutations in GTPBP3 that cause defects in mitochondrial tRNA taurine modification, mitochondrial translation, structure and function. Mutant mice reproduce certain clinical features seen in patients and this can be reversed by virus-mediated exogenous expression of Gtpbp3.

This study shows that the UMOD p.H36Y mutation promotes kidney inflammation by enabling mutant tubular cells to trigger macrophage pyroptosis through the App–Cd74 pathway.

Optical frequency comb generation usually relies on Kerr or Pockels nonlinearities. Here, the authors create a Floquet cavity by periodically modulating the resonance, achieving phase-locked Floquet sideband generation under nanowatt power consumption. The produced combs is independent of a pumping threshold and insensitive to pump detuning.

A single-cell and spatial atlas of chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) reveals layered tissues that partition metabolism and identifies laminar patterning transcription factors controlling capsaicin and capsanthin biosynthesis.

Difelikefalin is an FDA-approved KOR-targeted drug for chronic pruritus yet exhibits side effects. Here, researchers solve cryo-EM structure of difelikefalin KOR-Gi, identifying Y320^7.43 as a key bias residue. Substituting D-Phe1 with β-phenylalanine develops beta01 which retains analgesic/antipruritic efficacy via a unique receptor conformation that reduces adverse effects.

Researchers developed a two-step thermochemical method to upcycle waste sodium sulfate and charcoal into valuable sodium carbonate and sulfur. This ammonia-free, low-carbon approach provides a greener pathway for large-scale industrial manufacturing.

In NIID, toxic polyG from NOTCH2NLC GGC repeats disrupts nucleoli and chromatin, causing DNA damage and senescence. Here, the authors show that ASOs targeting the repeats reduce polyG buildup and reverse damage, suggesting a new treatment.

Global Burden of Disease analysis found that in 2023, suboptimal diet was estimated to be responsible for 4 million deaths and 97 million morbidity burdens from ischemic heart disease.

Wang et al. report dual cationic imidazole ligands to control perovskite dimensionality, from 0D to parallel 1D, and bridged 1D structures. Bridged 1D/3D perovskite heterostructure enables solar cells with certified efficiency of 27.02% and 30×30 cm² solar modules with efficiency of 21.41%.

2D polarization-sensitive detectors are usually limited by a responsivity-speed-polarization ratio trade-off. Here, the authors report mid-infrared polarization photovoltage field-effect transistors based on black phosphorus/MoS₂ heterostructures, showing a polarization ratio of 510, polarization angle sensitivity of ~46.57 mA/(W·degree) and response times of ~0.8 μs under 3.5 μm illumination.

CAR-T therapy remains poorly effective in glioblastoma (GBM) due to the tumor’s high antigen heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment. This study reports a multimodal platform for GBM immunotherapy that combines dual-antigen oncolytic viruses with bispecific CAR-T (BiCAR-T) and CAR-NK cells.

Miao et al. identify type H-like blood vessel infiltration as a driver of soft tissue aging, linking vascular changes to stem cell fate transitions. Inhibiting this pathway delays aging and improves locomotor function in male mice, offering a potential therapeutic target.

Low temperature is a major factor limiting productivity in rice. Here the authors show that theCTB4a gene confers cold tolerance to japonicavarieties adapted to cold habitats at the booting stage of development, and propose that CTB4a acts via an interaction with the beta subunit of ATP synthase.

This study reports selective CO₂ reduction to ethanol in pure water under natural sunlight using a carefully designed Cuδ⁺O/boron nitride flower heterostructured photocatalyst.

α-Chiral amines are ubiquitous in natural products, pharmaceuticals, and other biologically active molecules, making their enantioselective synthesis a critical and enduring pursuit in synthetic chemistry. Here, the authors report a dinickel complex-enabled, enantioselective reductive alkenylation reaction of N-Ts imines with vinyl chlorides to form α-chiral allylic amines.

Ge, Wang, Zhao, Guo et al. report a role for stress granules in suppressing ferroptosis by sequestering ferritin upon irradiation and temozolomide treatment in glioblastoma stem cells, which may potentially be targeted for improved efficacy.