Viral infection articles from across Nature Portfolio

A human eye disease seems to be linked to covert mortality nodavirus, a virus commonly found in aquatic animals. The findings suggest that zoonotic transmission to humans occurs through close contact.

We studied the interactions between hosts, vectors and the environment during a zoonotic yellow fever outbreak at the urban–forest edges of metropolitan São Paulo. Our analyses indicate that a single introduction drove most infections; its high transmission potential (R₀ ≈ 8.2) led to local extinction of the resident howler monkey population within around 46 days.

Hamada et al., evaluated the efficacy, immunogenicity and safety of monovalent and bivalent lipid nanoparticle-mRNA vaccine, DS-5670, against SARS-CoV-2 variants in two randomized trials. Findings show DS-5670 is as effective as existing mRNA vaccines, with broad neutralization activity across omicron sub-lineages.

Using artificial intelligence, authors model how air pollution may increase susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. NPC1 is identified via genetic and laboratory analyses as a key pathway that enhances viral entry after exposure to fine particulate matter.

African swine fever is an important disease of domestic pigs that can also affect wild boars. Here the authors use a multi-host mechanistic model to investigate the relative contribution of domestic pig and wild boar infection to the spread of African swine fever in Romania.

Neutralizing antibodies are widely viewed as the frontline of antiviral defence. Yet emerging evidence reveals that T cells can terminate infection before it is detectable by routine clinical assays, independently of antibodies. Recognizing this capacity reframes correlates of protection and calls for vaccines that harness T cells as early, decisive defenders.

A human eye disease seems to be linked to covert mortality nodavirus, a virus commonly found in aquatic animals. The findings suggest that zoonotic transmission to humans occurs through close contact.

Human cases of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have declined in recent years, but continued surveillance and research is needed to understand this trend and mitigate future zoonotic threats.

We studied the interactions between hosts, vectors and the environment during a zoonotic yellow fever outbreak at the urban–forest edges of metropolitan São Paulo. Our analyses indicate that a single introduction drove most infections; its high transmission potential (R₀ ≈ 8.2) led to local extinction of the resident howler monkey population within around 46 days.