Review Articles

Shankar et al. discuss the malaria parasite Plasmodium malariae. They focus on the unique and increasing challenges to diagnosis, treatment, and eradication posed by the parasite.

Chua et al., discuss how artificial intelligence is transforming breast cancer care by improving detection, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment planning, and patient recovery through advanced machine learning and deep learning applications. They emphasise that widespread adoption faces challenges such as data diversity, reproducibility, regulatory hurdles, infrastructure limitations, and ethical concerns around transparency and bias.

Turon et al. review the data science and research tool in relation to the heavy burden from infectious diseases, compounded by limited infrastructure in Africa. Data science is emerging as a powerful tool for advancing drug discovery and improving health outcomes across the continent, with promising case studies highlighting its growing impact.

Negussie et al. explore how cardiac MRI, though underutilized in Sub-Saharan Africa, could improve congenital heart disease diagnosis through AI-driven advancements. Key barriers are highlighted and targeted solutions proposed to enhance access, accuracy, and equity in cardiac imaging across the region.

Oh, Hölzer et al., discuss the multidisciplinary approach used for monitoring the genomic and virological evolution of SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic and its implications on public health in Germany. They emphasize the need for continuous surveillance and adaptation of public health strategies to address evolving viral threats.

Giesen et al. review multi-omics and systems-biology approaches to investigate how preeclampsia disrupts maternal haemodynamics, drives early life-adversity and influences cardiovascular risk in mothers and their offspring. They identify underlying molecular mechanisms and candidate biomarkers that may inform personalised medicine frameworks.

Sennersten et al. present a scoping review examining how the Russo-Ukrainian War disrupts healthcare for children, worsening access and mental health. Findings highlight research and policy needs to protect paediatric health during conflict.

Ciofani et al., discuss the unique medical and pharmaceutical challenges in maintaining and supplying medical care for crews involved for human space missions beyond Low Earth Orbit, such as to the Moon and Mars. They highlight opportunities for repurposing existing innovative technologies and biomedical advances to support crew health during long-duration missions.

Gries et al. comprehensively review the pathophysiological link between MASLD and the various heart failure subtypes. Their discussion highlights preventative and therapeutic co-management strategies for patients with both conditions.

Gupta et al. discuss the epidemiology and burden of major circulating arboviral diseases in India, touching on diagnosis, treatment, and preventative measures. They highlight key research and policy gaps, along with direction for future research, to improve surveillance and control measures.

Kohabir et al. review recent advances in CRISPR-based diagnostics aimed at achieving single-nucleotide fidelity for clinical applications. By dissecting strategies in gRNA design, effector selection, and reaction conditions, the authors highlight how these innovations can support precise and accessible genetic testing at the point-of-care.

Boeckmans et al. discuss the importance of healthcare providers fully engaging with people with Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and actively working with them to improve their metabolic health. They propose areas to focus on and provide a practical guide to healthcare practitioners in this area.

Eisinger-Mathason et al. examine how data linkage transforms healthcare research by integrating diverse datasets. They also discuss privacy-preserving methods and challenges related to data quality and privacy.

Sridhar et al. review the opportunities that mobile health technologies offer to improve the care of patients with cardiac arrhythmias. The current status, challenges, and future opportunities to use these technologies to predict, screen, diagnose, and manage of cardiac arrhythmias are highlighted.

Ng, Chaturvedi et al. discuss established, emerging, and promising biomarkers related to preeclampsia. They highlight novel approaches for screening these biomarkers at the point of care, aiming to democratize testing and reduce the burden of the disease.

Vasudevan et al. discuss optical melanometry as a tool for objective, quantitative evaluation of skin pigmentation in studies addressing pulse oximeter racial disparity. The authors analyze research on commercial melanometer accuracy, discuss best practices for implementation and highlight promising future research directions.

Lauffer et al. discuss the possibilities that antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) approaches can bring to treating rare genetic diseases. The authors outline considerations and barriers to their implementation, and how these might be overcome.

Koh, Papanikolaou et al. discuss the application of artificial intelligence in cancer imaging. The authors highlight opportunities for exploiting machine learning algorithms in this field, and outline barriers in their implementation and how these might be addressed.