Volume 1 Issue 7, July 2025

The global food system accelerates biodiversity loss, which in turn undermines the resilience and sustainability of food production. Strategic, coordinated action across the food system’s diverse actors and networks is essential to drive structural change and reverse biodiversity loss.

Species classified as Critically Endangered are at greatest risk of extinction, and their preservation and recovery are crucial to meeting global biodiversity aims. This Review assesses the geographical and taxonomic distribution of Critically Endangered species, their threats, current and required conservation actions, and strategies to facilitate effective, coordinated conservation.

This Review explores the integration of genomic data and evolutionary history to summarize the state of knowledge surrounding the avian adaptive radiation that gave rise to modern birds.

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have become more intense and widespread globally, affecting species, ecosystems and people. After summarizing how and why MHWs are changing, this Review explores these impacts and their underlying mechanisms, highlights knowledge gaps and considers opportunities to mitigate the effects of MHWs.

This Perspective provides guidance about how to select the most appropriate type of interaction network for different research questions in ecology. Networks can vary according to the extent of node aggregation and the information that links represent; each kind of network formulation has advantages in different contexts.