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Quiescent and senescent cells often arise side by side after stress, yet their molecular relationship remains unclear. Here, the authors combine live-cell imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing to reveal a continuum of cell-cycle withdrawal.

Nonlinearity can profoundly alter signals. Here, authors introduce an inverse material design method to achieve targeted nonlinear dynamic responses. Applied to impact mitigation and pulse shaping, this approach reveals both strong sensitivity to constituent nonlinearity and the potential for high-performance designs.

Stem-cell-derived islet cells could transform type 1 diabetes by removing the need for injected or infused insulin and improving quality of life. But evaluation of these therapies must center on the voices of people living with type 1 diabetes and examine meaningful outcomes.

It is often assumed that neuronal responses to value are linear, in part because this is important for rational economic decision-making. Here, the authors find, in two male macaques, that value is encoded along a curved manifold in the prefrontal cortex and that this curvature imposes bounds on rational decision-making.

Shastry-Sutherland lattice materials offer a rich variety of accessible magnetic phases however, only a few have been observed to have ferromagnetic dimers, and among those, high quality single crystals are rare. Here, Marshall et al uses neutron diffraction on single crystals of BaNd2ZnS5, and show the existence of 2Q-antiferromagnetic order composed of ferromagnetic dimers and field-induced partial disorder. ‘

[10]annulene derivatives are typically non-planar and non-aromatic, with aromatic planar variants suffering from kinetic instability. Now, the synthesis of a planar and aromatic dehydro[10]annulene featuring a fused cyclopropane and an internal alkyne is reported. The resulting hydrocarbon is bench stable and can be stored for extended periods of time.

Current intracortical brain-computer interfaces are subject to recording interface instabilities that degrade decoding performance. Here, the authors present a platform for Nonlinear Manifold Alignment with Dynamics (NoMAD), which stabilizes decoding using models of dynamics for at least 3 months.

Polygenic risk scores can help identify individuals at higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Here, the authors characterise a multi-ancestry score across nearly 900,000 people, showing that its predictive value depends on demographic and clinical context and extends to related traits and complications.

Unexpected and significant isotope exchange is observed in the near-threshold photodissociation of isopically labelled acetaldehyde. Theoretical modelling indicates that, at the lowest energies considered, an average of 20 H- or D-shifts occur before dissociation — evidence for extensive isomerization.

This study assessed COVID-19 social science preprints’ replicability using structured groups. Both beginners and more-experienced participants used a elicitation protocol to make better-than-chance predictions about the reliability of research claims under high uncertainty.

Adaptation to climate change goes beyond the migration–non-migration divide. Families and communities combine mobility with rootedness, drawing on cultural ties, intergenerational learning, and lived knowledge to navigate risks and shape long-term futures.

An analysis of the localization and intensity of intracortical microstimulation in three participants with cervical spinal cord injury shows that overlapping projected fields from multiple electrodes produce sensations that are more easily localizable.

Post-infectious myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (PI-ME/CFS) is a disabling disorder, yet the clinical phenotype is poorly defined and the pathophysiology unknown. Here, the authors conduct deep phenotyping of a cohort of PI-ME/CFS patients.

Using well-calibrated statistical methods the authors jointly analyze Undiagnosed Diseases Network genomes, identifying known and novel disease genes. Software is publicly available to support future cross-cohort rare disease discovery efforts.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis is characterized by TDP-43 proteinopathy in the brain. Here, the authors find TDP-43 aggregation might be mediated by the loss of Asparaginase-like 1, an enzyme that degrades detrimental isoaspartates and is downregulated by the endogenous retrovirus HML-2.

Mutations of the histone H3K36-specific methyltransferase ASH1L have been linked to several human diseases. Here, the authors report the mechanism by which three C-terminal domains in ASH1L regulate its enzymatic activity and interact with chromatin.

A quantitative morphological framework for the human thymus reveals the establishment of the lobular cytokine network, canonical thymocyte trajectories and thymic epithelial cell distributions in fetal and paediatric thymic development.

Using an autonomous underwater vehicle, this study presents an integrated biogeochemical and multiomic analysis of microbial eukaryotes from the North Atlantic Ocean. The work highlights diverse communities that shift through depth zones, with signatures of nutrient biomarkers changing across a coastal-offshore spatial gradient.

Resorption of myocardial scar and subsequent regeneration may be influenced by the extent of irreversible pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline collagen cross-links that develop in the scar. Hydroxylation of lysine in collagen may regulate this process.

A meta-analysis of peer-review data from over 300,000 biological sciences manuscripts reveals worse review outcomes for authors from historically excluded groups, and limited data evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to address bias in peer review.

This study links the genomic basis of behavioral variation to specific cell populations in the brain. Here, authors find evidence for involvement of neural stem cells in the evolution and expression of bower-building behavior in cichlid fishes.

Methane emission from a very cool brown dwarf, perhaps arising from an aurora, has been detected in James Webb Space Telescope observations.

A pan-betacoronavirus vaccine will likely require the elicitation of antibodies against spike regions conserved across diverse coronaviruses. Here, authors computationally engineer and experimentally validate immunogens to elicit antibodies against two such spike regions.

Climate change will reduce seagrass ranges leading to increased endemism. Such changes will cause differentiation in some regions and homogenization in other areas. The current marine protected areas will be insufficient to protect seagrasses.

Iridium-based oxides are the most active catalysts for acidic water oxidation, but a complete understanding of their surface reconstruction under operation remains elusive. Now three key paracrystalline structural motifs are identified on the seemingly amorphous reconstructed IrO_x surface.

The bile ducts of the liver form a network of large ducts and small ductules, though how they are patterned remains unclear. Hrncir et al. show that Sox9 is required for the morphogenesis of small intrahepatic bile ductules in mice, highlighting distinct genetic requirements that drive bile duct heterogeneity.

Pyramidal cells are classically thought to comprise the excitatory output of the subiculum. Here, the authors show the existence of “ovoid cells”, excitatory subiculum neurons with specialized gene expression, morphology, projections, and function.

siRNA stability and efficacy are improved by a backbone modification.

DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic mark in mammals. The maintenance of this mark relies on two key proteins: DNMT1 and UHRF1. Here the authors show that, beyond activating DNMT1, UHRF1 has crucial regulatory functions in cancer cells.

Structural and functional studies highlight the molecular regulation of assembling the mitochondrial division machinery. The core unit is closed, and specific interactions open this unit to facilitate assembly at the right place and time in cells.

Graft-versus-host disease, a T cell-driven inflammatory condition, is associated with altered microbial bile acid metabolism in both mice and humans and this is linked to outcomes.

Senescence and quiescence are considered different cell states but are hard to distinguish. Here, single-cell imaging followed by immunostaining reveals that the intensities of senescence biomarkers are graded rather than binary, reflecting the duration of cell-cycle withdrawal rather than irreversible cell-cycle arrest.

Tau-mediated neurodegeneration is driven by disease-activated microglia and suppressed by their pharmacological blockade. The authors identified drug dose- and sex-dependent residual microglial phenotypes, neuronal excitotoxicity, and animal survival.

Meng et al. show that ZBTB43 alters Z-DNA structures to prevent deleterious double-strand breaks and promote DNA methylation at purine–pyrimidine repeats in the mouse germ line.

EGFR mutations are frequent in glioblastoma and lung cancer. Here, the authors perform deep mutational scanning of EGFR, followed by a high-throughput functional screen and analysis of patient data, to identify variants with differing sensitivities to a range of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

The Food Compass is a nutrient profiling system to characterize the healthfulness of diverse foods, beverages and meals. In a nationally representative cohort of 47,999 U.S. adults, the authors validate a person’s individual Food Compass Score against health outcomes.

A range of Influenza vaccines have been linked to induction of adaptive immunity in a number of animal models. Here, the authors utilize a computational design strategy and produce a swine H3 influenza vaccine which shows enhanced efficacy in both murine and porcine infectious disease models.

The development of metal–organic magnets that combine tunable magnetic properties with other desirable physical properties remains challenging despite numerous potential applications. Now, a mixed-valent chromium–triazolate material has been prepared that exhibits itinerant ferromagnetism with a magnetic ordering temperature of 225 K, a high conductivity and large negative magnetoresistance (23%).

Neurons with grid firing fields are thought to play important roles in spatial cognition. Here, the authors show that in contrast to assumptions underlying current models and analyses, grid fields are modulated by local head direction; this suggests different mechanisms and new roles for grid firing.

Here, Ejemel et al. report the identification and characterization of a cross-neutralizing human IgA monoclonal antibody, named MAb362, that binds the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike, blocking its interaction with the ACE2 host receptor.

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) develops following multiple mutations of differing impact. Here, the authors show that activating mutations of CSF3R co-operate with loss-of-function mutations of CEBPA to promote AML development through an enhancer-dependent mechanism.

Bioinformatic and chemoproteomic approaches resulted in the identification of a homolog of human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 in the gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron that regulates envelope integrity and community fitness.

High-throughput electron tomography has been challenging due to time-consuming alignment and reconstruction. Here, the authors demonstrate real-time tomography with dynamic 3D tomographic visualization integrated in tomviz, an open-source 3D data analysis tool.

Population receptive fields (pRFs) in the visual system are key information-processors, but how they develop is unknown. Here, authors use fMRI and pRF modeling in children and adults to show that in the ventral stream only pRFs in face- and word-selective regions continue to develop, mirroring changes in viewing behavior.

Deep learning algorithms perform as well as humans in identifying cells in tissue images.

Recent studies suggest spatial segregation of tumor initiation and manifestation in IDH-WT glioblastomas. Here, the authors use serial MRI/3D-reconstruction, whole-genome sequencing and spectral karyotyping-based single-cell phylogenetic tree building to establish this unique evolutionary mode in a murine model.

Previous work decoding linguistic meaning from imaging data has generally been limited to a small number of semantic categories. Here, authors show that a decoder trained on neuroimaging data of single concepts sampling the semantic space can robustly decode meanings of semantically diverse new sentences with topics not encountered during training.

Machine learning makes new sense of psychiatric symptoms