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A machine learning model for prime editing efficiency prediction takes into account chromatin context.

We demonstrate that in a major merging system, radiation from the quasar in one galaxy directly alters the gas properties in the companion galaxy.

Targeted in situ sequencing directly maps editing rates at single-cell resolution in postmortem tissues to visualize base and prime editor delivery.

Herpell et al. use data from Germany to study the short- and medium-term effects of a programme to match Ukrainian refugees with private hosts on integration outcomes. Hosting led to improvements in social, psychological and navigational integration.

In this Perspective article, Huwyler, Binz and colleagues discuss the future of long-term normothermic machine perfusion for livers and propose a staged assessment approach for ex situ perfused organs.

Embryonal tumour with multilayered rosettes (ETMR) is a rare and aggressive paediatric brain tumour. Here, the authors analyse intratumour heterogeneity and the tumour microenvironment in ETMR using single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, in vitro cultures, and a 3D forebrain organoid model, finding important aspects – such as the communication with pericytes – for ETMR development and response to therapy.

Large-footprint, low-sensitivity charge sensors hinder scaling semiconductor quantum dot arrays for quantum computation. Here the authors present a potentially scalable approach using multiplexed gate-based readout and operation in a foundry-fabricated quantum dot array, demonstrating single-electron occupancy.

Cold ice-covered dust grains grow during their journey from the interstellar medium to protoplanetary disks. JWST observations show that this growth begins before the protostellar phase and provide quantitative insights into the grain growth process.

Glyphosate pollution of water bodies so far has exclusively been attributed to herbicide applications, but analysis of the half-life of the aminomonophosphonate as well as usage rates suggests that this may be an incomplete explanation. Here, the authors show that glyphosate is a stable transformation product of diethylenetriamine penta(methylenephosphonate) (DTPMP), a chelating agent widely used in household and industrial applications.

This manuscript evaluates forecasts of laboratory-confirmed influenza hospital admissions, a new target for influenza forecasting in the United States. Across two influenza seasons, the FluSight ensemble is robust compared to submitted models.

Ciofani and colleagues identify the transcription factor c-Maf as a universal regulator of the differentiation of IL-17-producing γδ T cells.

Sun Hur and colleagues examine the mechanism of Aire protein function underlying peripheral tissue antigen gene expression in thymic mTECs. They show that Aire condensates assemble on enhancers that are subject to intricate regulatory mechanisms, ensuring tight coordination of Aire CARD polymerization with genomic target recognition.

This work introduces engineered TnpBmax proteins with enhanced efficiency and an expanded targeting range. By leveraging an extensive dataset on editing efficiencies, it also integrates a deep learning model to predict guide RNA activity.

Perovskite photovoltaics are promising for space applications, but their reliability needs to be addressed. Now, Kirmani et al. present a 1-μm-thick silicon oxide that affords protection against protons, alpha particles and atomic oxygen.

Vignali and colleagues show that the inhibitory receptor LAG3 interferes with TCR signaling and T cell activation by lowering the pH at the immune synapse, which causes the dissociation of the tyrosine kinase Lck from the CD4 or CD8 co-receptor.

The deprivation of amino acids in the tumor microenvironment affects T cell survival and activation. Here the authors show that reduced levels of methionine are associated with PD1 upregulation in CD4+ T cells and that methionine supplementation promotes CD4+ T cell dependent anti-tumor immune responses.

The innate immune cells undergo metabolic reprogramming upon inflammation. Here, the authors report that both mouse and human microglia display a metabolic reprogramming in the presence of a TLR4 activation, however species-specific enzymes are responsible for this process.

Osteoporosis and bone fractures affect millions of patients worldwide and are often due to increased bone resorption. Here the authors identify the cytoplasmic protein ELMO1 as an important ‘signaling node’ promoting the bone resorption function of osteoclasts.

Multiomic analyses of mouse thymic epithelial cells identify several unconventional subsets that are mimetics of various populations of terminally differentiated parenchymal cells and provide insights into their development, molecular features and function.

A foundation model trained on neural activity of visual cortex from multiple mice accurately predicts responses to video stimuli and cell types, dendritic features and connectivity within the MICrONS functional connectomics dataset.

This paper introduces msiFlow, an open-source software for scalable and reproducible end-to-end multimodal image analysis. Using msiFlow, the authors explore the molecular heterogeneity of leukocytes in infected tissues.

Conflicting mechanisms have been proposed to explain the sub-bandgap turn-on behaviour of heterojunction organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Here, by probing and modifying the OLED heterojunction, the authors show that band-to-band recombination is the most likely radiative recombination process.

Several unconventional T cell populations, including γδ T cells and regulatory T cells, are selected by recognition of self antigen in the thymus. Craft and colleagues add T_H-17 cells to the list of T cell subsets enriched by self-reactivity.

ELMO1 is a protein centrally involved in controlling the engulfment of apoptotic cells. Ravichandran and colleagues demonstrate a noncanonical role for ELMO1 in the promotion of neutrophil migration and inflammatory arthritis.

Endogenous peptides that positively select major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted T cell receptors have not yet been identified. Groups led by Davis and Allen identify several such peptides and find that they influence activation and homeostasis of peripheral T cells.

PTEN copy number loss is found in 25% of fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcomas (FN-RMS). Here, the authors use a Hedgehog-driven FN-RMS mouse model to show that PTEN loss drives the expression of core transcription factor PAX7 and its transcriptional axis, which determines FN-RMS tumour identity.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) is a heterogeneous and aggressive type of T-cell lymphoma. Here, the authors perform single-cell analyses of human and murine PTCL-NOS tumors, and identify a subtype defined by the loss of SMARCB1 that could be targeted with HDAC-inhibitor combination therapies.

Narcolepsy has genetic and environmental risk factors, but the specific genetic risk loci and interaction with environmental triggers are not well understood. Here, the authors identify genetic loci for narcolepsy, suggesting infection as a trigger and dendritic and helper T cell involvement.