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Ibogaine is a natural substance that interrupts opioid addiction but has cardiac risks. This article introduces novel ibogaine analogs that show reduced cardiac risk and enhanced neuroplasticity and therapeutic-like effects in models of opioid use disorder.

The InSight lander has expanded our knowledge of the atmosphere of Mars by observing various phenomena, including airglow, bores, infrasound and Earth-like turbulence.

Here the authors estimate effectiveness of three COVID-19 vaccines in university students and find that 2-dose mRNA vaccines offer strong protection against general SARS-CoV-2 infection caused by delta, but protection substantially declines over 6 months. While previous infection protects against reinfection, vaccination substantially increases protection.

Divergent trends in biogeochemical constituents of the six largest rivers in the Arctic from 2003 to 2019 support multi-faceted changes on the Arctic landscape under global environmental change.

Time-resolved serial crystallography at XFELs reveals ultrafast photochemical reactions, but high laser densities can cause photodamage to biological samples. Here, the authors study the early K-intermediate in bacteriorhodopsin at high power, showing overall conformation remains robust over a wide range.

Uroz et al. report that the distinct mechanical properties of brain vasculature versus parenchyma drive cancer cell migration through a talin-dependent mechanism, enabling vessel co-option and metastatic invasion in the brain.

The authors summarize the data produced by phase III of the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project, a resource for better understanding of the human and mouse genomes.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent and bioaccumulative pollutants in soil. Here, the authors developed a rapid electrothermal mineralization method that can efficiently mineralize PFAS while maintaining soil properties.

The Pharma Proteomics Project generates the largest open-access plasma proteomics dataset to date, offering insights into trans protein quantitative trait loci across multiple biological domains, and highlighting genetic influences on ligand–receptor interactions and pathway perturbations across a diverse collection of cytokines and complement networks.

Understanding how materials respond to impacts at extreme strain rates is crucial, yet current approaches present significant challenges. Here, the authors report the use of a mechanophore-functionalized block copolymer to encode and report energy dissipation mechanisms in response to impacts.

Observations from the Labrador Coast indicate the presence of subsea permafrost landforms outside of the Arctic, suggesting a potential underestimation of subsea permafrost in the world’s oceans.

A state-level analysis of the impact of enhanced weathering deployment on carbon sequestration on agricultural land suggests that enhanced weathering could help the USA meet net-zero 2050 goals.

Piezoresistivity finds many applications in micro-electromechanical systems, but a piezoresistive material at a molecular level has not yet been demonstrated. Here, Bruotet al. show this effect in double helix DNA molecules due to the electronic coupling between neighbouring bases upon mechanical force.

Conducting a simulated turtlegrass herbivory experiment across 650 experimental plots and 13 seagrass meadows, the authors show that the negative effects of herbivory increase with latitude, driven by low levels of light insolation at high latitudes.

A new method to quantify three masting components from individual tree-years has revealed that globally, masting is uncommon in tree species that depend on mutualist dispersers, with its distribution further mediated by climate and nutrient availability.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b underwent an explosive geographic expansion in 2021 among wild birds and domestic poultry. Here, Kandeil et al. show that the Western movement of this clade was followed by reassortment with viruses circulating in wild birds in North America which resulted in different genotypes exhibiting a wide range of disease severity in mammal models (mice, ferrets, chicken) ranging from asymptomatic disease to severe neurological pathology.

Research that combines all available studies of biological responses to regional and global climate change shows that 81–83% of all observations were consistent with the expected impacts of climate change. These findings were replicated across taxa and oceanic basins.

Metagenomics and metabolomics analysis of a longitudinal cohort of 123 very preterm infants reveals multiple drivers of gut microbiome development and indicates that there are strain-specific effects of probiotic products.

Alaskan mountain glaciers are losing ice and contribute to sea level rise, but contributions from specific ice-loss mechanisms are not known. Here, calving losses in Central Alaska are found to equal 36% of the net regional mass change each year and regional flux is dictated largely by snow accumulation rates.

The genome of the biofuel crop switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) reveals climate–gene–biomass associations that underlie adaptation in nature and will facilitate improvements of the yield of this crop for bioenergy production.

We find that justice considerations constrain the integrated Earth system boundaries more than safety considerations for climate and atmospheric aerosol loading, and our assessment provides a foundation for safeguarding the global commons for all people.

The effect of plants on future extreme heat events under elevated carbon dioxide (CO₂) is unclear. Here, the authors show that CO₂ plant physiological effects lead to increases in heat waves within a suite of climate model simulations, suggesting that vegetated areas are at risk of increased heat extremes.

Analysis of mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) by using whole-genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancer samples across 38 cancer types identifies hypermutated mtDNA cases, frequent somatic nuclear transfer of mtDNA and high variability of mtDNA copy number in many cancers.

Plant community responses to climate change tend to be lagged in forests, but could be faster in grasslands. Here, the authors integrate long-term experimental data with >1 million occurrence records for >300 species, finding grassland community shifts towards species associated with warmer and drier conditions at a pace that aligns with that of climate change.

Synthetic materials tend to excel in either stiffness or extensibility, whereas a combination of the two is necessary to exceed the performance of natural biomaterials. Here the authors present a bioinspired polymer consisting of cyclic β-peptide rings that is capable of transitioning between rigid and unfolded conformations on demand.

A single DNA or RNA duplex can rotate unidirectionally when subject to an external electric field, generating sufficient torque to power rotary motion of larger nanoscale objects.

Lightning Pose is an efficient pose estimation approach that requires few labeled training data owing to its semi-supervised learning strategy and ensembling.

Independent but complementary studies from Vakoc and Stegmaier identify and characterize a role for ETV6 in counteracting the transcriptional activity of EWS-FLI1 during Ewing sarcoma development, which may be targeted for therapeutic benefits.

Assessing the accuracy of evapotranspiration (ET) data is crucial for managing the water used by crops and natural vegetation. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the accuracy of a remotely sensed ET model ensemble from the OpenET system using in situ ET measurements collected across the contiguous United States.

The Southern Ocean is key in sustaining the world’s ocean global circulation, yet the influence of its freshwater cycle remains unconstrained. Here, the authors use a detailed oceanographic database to evaluate surface buoyancy fluxes and reveal central roles for both precipitation and sea-ice formation and melt.

Soils from 30 grasslands across Europe were subjected to 4 contrasting extreme climatic events under drought, flood, freezing and heat conditions, with the results suggesting that soil microbiomes from different climates share unified responses to extreme climatic events.

Sialidases are glycoside hydrolases that cleave sialosides. Here the authors define the 3-D structure, alone and in complex with products and inhibitors, of the CAZy family GH156 sialidase, EnvSia156, showing it displays a catalytical (β/α) 8-barrel domain distinct from other sialidases and allowing description of its inverting catalytic mechanism.