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Lineage switching (LS) facilitates acute myeloid leukemia (AML) escaping CD19 targeted immunotherapy, but the underlying mechanism are not well understood. The authors here analyze patients’ single-cell mass cytometry and single-cell transcriptomics data, and identify an LS AML with the MDSC-like phenotype which is associated with LS in AML with KMT2A rearrangement.

P-selectin has been considered as a biomarker of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) aging. Here, Yang et al. uncovered a new functional role of P-selectin engagement in regulating HSC regeneration and driving stem cell aging when perturbed.

Here, the authors show a developmental shift in emotion understanding throughout childhood and early adolescence: while perceptual discrimination of facial cues becomes less influential with age, conceptual knowledge plays an increasingly important role in emotion understanding.

Hardcastle and Marshall et al. show that striatal function is domain specific, required for task-related but not spontaneously expressed movements. This functional distinction is reflected in starkly different kinematic codes across the domains.

uMAIA is an analytical framework designed to enable the construction of metabolic atlases at high resolution using mass spectrometry imaging data.

Paired transcriptome and proteome profiling throughout the silkworm’s developmental life cycle offers a comprehensive resource revealing stage-specific and conserved expression dynamics across holometabolous insects.

This study shows that aboveground plant diversity is only weakly related to belowground mycorrhizal fungal diversity, although these relationships can be stronger at regional scales. Therefore, conservation efforts centered only on plant diversity may overlook critical fungal diversity hotspots.

In this study, Yang et al. compile a global dataset to uncover the degree to which plants coordinate root and seed traits. They report a global positive correlation between root diameter and seed size, driven by dual roles of arbuscular mycorrhiza in phosphorus uptake and pathogen defence.

Multi-omics can be used to characterise tumour and immune cell populations. Here the authors use multi-omics to characterise CLL blood and tissue samples and use prediction models for CLL TCR specificity and implicate interactions between galectin-9 and TIM3 as involved in CLL immune escape and propose galectin-9 as a possible immunotherapy target.

A single MRI scan can provide reliable estimates of human lifetime brain atrophy, helping overcome lifespan data collection challenges. This may enhance genetic studies of late-life neurodegeneration and reveal new insights into its underlying mechanisms.

Dehingia, Milewska-Puchała and colleagues find a pervasive lncRNA-mediated increase in interactions between CTCF and RNA-binding proteins during embryonic stem cell differentiation. These interactions reinforce chromatin architecture in neural cells.

This study uses chromatin tracing to identify alterations in single-cell 3D genome conformation during the progression of Kras-driven mouse lung adenocarcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and proposes Rnf2 as a regulator of the 3D genome.

This study characterizes the three-dimensional (3D) genome architecture of 15 primary human cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The analyses identify different archetypes of enhancer usage and enhancer rewiring events due to different classes of mutations and structural variants.

Using well-calibrated statistical methods the authors jointly analyze Undiagnosed Diseases Network genomes, identifying known and novel disease genes. Software is publicly available to support future cross-cohort rare disease discovery efforts.

Using a relatively large and diverse sample of mostly young adults, this study by Banellis, Rebollo and colleagues examines associations between regional stomach–brain coupling and mental health and identifies brain–body dynamics as a potential target for intervention.

Allergic inflammation is linked to asthma immunopathology and disease onset. Here the authors explore the use of a mucosal vaccine and show reduced immunopathology and asthma prevention in a murine model of allergic airway disease.

This study reveals that lysosomal dysfunction in senescent cells impairs lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis under cystine deprivation, uncovering a new mechanism of ferroptosis resistance linked to cellular senescence and providing a therapeutic strategy for age-related diseases.

In this work, authors utilise comparative transcriptomics to reveal lncRNAs that distinguish pathogen-specific from core macrophage responses. They identify a Q fever-specific AHR-regulated CYP1B1-AS1/CYP1B1 axis that modulates mitochondrial homeostasis and survival of Coxiella burnetii.

An E. coli–thylakoid hybrid is produced in which the thylakoid can convert solar energy into energy molecules, such as ATP and NADPH. A dual-channel energy pathway, combining energy molecule supply and electron transfer, enables the E. coli–thylakoid hybrid to produce H₂ at a rate of \(15.1\,{\mathrm{mmol}}\,{\mathrm{h}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{g}}_{\mathrm{dcw}}^{-1}\).

When stem cells develop into tissues intracellular signalling is rewired, errors in this process lead to cancer. Here, authors applied tools from differential geometry made by Albert Einstein’s General Relativity to understand and predict biological network rewiring in health and disease.

Access to green space has been a critical, and contentious, issue for neighbourhood inequality and health outcomes. This Analysis looks at how the COVID-19 pandemic interacts with availability of nature for urban residents.

Using 1,854 routinely collected clinical samples from early in pregnancy, with validation in an external cohort, low-coverage cfDNA sequence data identified distinctive features among those who developed preeclampsia.

The study reveals that CSLD5-mediated cell wall synthesis in plant meristems regulates tissue mechanics, influencing growth and gene expression. Targeting CSLD5 expression in specific cell layers can restore growth defects and enhance crop yield, offering a strategy for breeding high-yield plants.

Tracking of individual place cells in mouse CA1 shows that representational drift is not influenced by changes in environment or behaviour, and is lower for more excitable place cells.

tRNAs fold into defined structures and extensively interact with cellular proteins and ribosomes. Here, the authors develop a chemical mapping sequencing method to profile human tRNA structures and their interactions in cells. Their results reveal dynamic tRNA structurome and interactome in response to stress with consequences in translational regulation.

In the secondary endpoint analysis of the phase 3 SONIA trial, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis showed that a pretreatment aneuploidy-based high ctDNA level in patients with advanced breast cancer was associated with benefit from first-line treatment with CDK4/6 inhibitors.

A DNA matrix material potentiates humoral response through multiple administration routes, generating neutralizing antibodies and conferring robust protection against infection.

This study investigates long-term trajectories of post-traumatic-stress-disorder symptoms of World Trade Center responders (n = 12,822), revealing highly variable symptom trajectories and 10% of responders experiencing persistence or worsening of symptoms after 20 years.

In this cross-sectional study, the authors used structural MRI to compare subcortical volumes, cortical thickness and surface area between early-onset anorexia nervosa, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder and typically developing young individuals.

A method integrates perturbation mapping with 10X Visium spatial transcriptomics to map tumour genetic complexity and heterogeneity.

Here they show that heterodimerization of the receptor tyrosine kinases PDGFRa and PDGFRb negatively affects downstream ERK1/2 signaling and cellular proliferation, due in part to rapid internalization mediated by binding to the unconventional myosin protein MYO1D.

Proteome profiling of plasma samples in human pan-cancer cohorts reveals patterns of biomarkers for diagnosis.

Multi-omics data are readily integrated using quartet reference materials.

Aberrant redox homeostasis links lipid metabolism and cell death programs. Here, authors reveal how cell stress reduces growth factor signaling, enriching polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipids and sensitizing membranes to oxidative damage.

Here the authors show that REST/NRSF represses non-muscle lineage genes in muscle stem cells and progenitors, preserving their identity and differentiation capacity. Loss of REST disrupts gene silencing, impairs muscle regeneration, and leads to stem cell pool depletion.

Excised signal circles are circular DNA by-products of V(D)J recombination that form a complex with the V(D)J recombinase, and when increased in abundance, result in increased mutagenesis, causing adverse outcomes in cancer.

Heo, Xu et al. used comprehensive plasma proteomics to identify 416 plasma proteins (294 new) associated with Alzheimer’s disease and applied machine learning to select 7 proteins that were highly predictive of Alzheimer’s disease across multiple cohorts.

Frank et al. find that a subregion in the zebrafish homolog of olfactory cortex maps odor space onto a representation of valence. Learning shapes this odor-to-valence map through plasticity processes that modify inhibition.

A method termed ac⁴C-seq is introduced for the transcriptome-wide mapping of the RNA modification N⁴-acetylcytidine, revealing widespread temperature-dependent acetylation that facilitates thermoadaptation in hyperthermophilic archaea.

Improvement of preclinical models is critical for ensuring effective treatment discovery for colorectal cancer. Here, the authors develop a platform of 128 PDX models from metastatic colorectal cancer with matched tumouroid cultures, and use these to demonstrate molecular concordance between PDX-tumouroid pairs, cetuximab sensitivity heterogeneity, and adaptive upregulation of druggable targets under cetuximab pressure.

Zhang, Lahry, Cipurko et al. show that the microbial metabolites queuine and preQ₁ modify the same host tRNA. PreQ₁-tRNA reduces cell proliferation, slows tumour growth, decreases the translation of ribosomal proteins and is cleaved by IRE1 on the ER ribosome.

New concepts for comparing the genomes of 27 naturally inbred Arabidopsis thaliana accessions provide essential insights into obtaining a less biased view of whole-genome polymorphism.

This study presents a comprehensive immunological assessment of post-coronavirus disease (COVID) respiratory illness, finding signatures potentially associated with recovery and candidate biomarkers for more severe lung disease.

Chen et al. show that PEX39 cooperates with PEX7 in the peroxisomal import of proteins containing a PTS2 site and uncover an (R/K)PWE motif in PEX39 and PEX13 that binds to PEX7 and facilitates the import of PTS2-containing proteins.

Using chromatin conformation capture and nascent transcriptomics, the authors reveal the extent to which HCMV interacts with and alters host chromatin and transcriptional programs, along with the role played by microtubule-derived mechanical forces in shaping these events.

Activation of G_s signaling at mitochondria by mitoDREADD-G_s increases mitochondrial metabolism, leading to better memory in mouse models of dementia, directly linking brain mitochondrial deficits to cognitive symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited gastrointestinal syndrome associated with duodenal adenoma formation. Here the authors show that IL17A-producing NKp44- group 3 innate lymphoid cells accumulate in FAP duodenal tissue and are associated with duodenal adenoma formation in patients with FAP.

The authors show that LARP4 drives T cell dysfunction in tumors by promoting hypertranslation of oxidative phosphorylation-related mRNAs, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction. They also target LARP4 to enhance T cell persistence and anti-tumor activity and provide a CAR T cell strategy for treating solid and liquid tumors.