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Mohri et al. show that, in response to genotoxic stress, melanocyte stem cells undergo senescence-associated differentiation, causing their depletion and protecting them against melanomagenesis. This process is suppressed by carcinogens.

An understanding of the molecular mechanisms promoting the generation of immunoregulatory and tumour-promoting monocytes and macrophages is key to breaking the cycle of tumour myelopoiesis and developing more effective myeloid-targeting therapies.

Advances in organoid culture have enabled the modelling of many aspects of organs in vitro, transforming experimental biology. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of the current and emerging liver and pancreas organoid technologies and discusses current limitations and future directions.

The rapid access to isotopically labeled organic molecules is a sine qua non condition to support these societally vital areas of research. Here the authors present a solution to access labeled pyridines by a nitrogen isotope exchange reaction based on a Zincke activation strategy.

Analysing shotgun proteomics data is challenging due to diverse research questions. Here, authors introduce OmicScope, a computational tool available via both programming language and web platform, designed to analyze and integrate complex omics data from differential proteomics to meta-analysis.

Ad libitum energy intake was studied in relation to meal non-beverage energy density, protein content, eating rate and proportion of calories derived from hyper-palatable foods. Data were collected from 35 inpatient participants of two feeding studies lasting 28 continuous days including minimally and ultraprocessed food consumption.

The effects of thrombolysis therapy in stroke on structural connectivity are not well understood. Here, the authors show with causal mediation analysis that the clinical benefits of thrombolysis in anterior circulation stroke are mediated via structural connectivity.

Here, in a sub-study of the MISAME-III randomized controlled trial, the authors show that maternal balanced energy-protein supplementation during pregnancy and lactation alters the maternal gut microbiome, leading to an enhanced infant carbohydrate metabolism, and identify microbial taxa with a potential role in mediating the effects.

Smoking tobacco is known to alter DNA methylation. Here, the authors show that hypomethylation of smoke-related genes is associated with future increase in lung cancer risk.

Mitochondrial nanoinducers that degrade mitochondria via autophagy enhance T cell activation and tumour cell susceptibility, improving immunotherapy.

Inactivating PPP2R1A mutations correlate with better survival after immune checkpoint blockade in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma, suggesting that targeting the phosphatase 2A (PP2A) pathway may represent an effective startegy for improving responses to immunotherapy.

Identifying the sequence of molecular events that leads to melanoma remains challenging. Here, the authors analyse the early stages of melanoma development in mouse models of minimal genetic induction, identifying melanoma emergence with little evidence of consistent DNA mutation or common copy number variation.

In this Perspective, members of the Aging Biomarker Consortium outline the X-Age Project, an Aging Biomarker Consortium plan for building standardized aging clocks in China. The authors discuss the project roadmap and its aims of decoding aging heterogeneity, detecting accelerated aging early and evaluating geroprotective interventions.

Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated protein (ATM) phosphorylates CD98HC to promote neutral amino acid antiporter trafficking. Here the authors show that ATM loss impairs glutamate, cystine, and arginine transport, driving metabolic stress and ataxia telangiectasia–like phenotypes.

Comparing to Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense cotton lines have superior fiber quality but lower fiber yield. Here, the authors construct pangenome using 12 newly assembled G. barbadense genomes and 17 publicly tetraploid cotton genomes and reveal yield- and fiber-related diversity and interspecific gene flow.

Yang Bai and colleagues propose a hypersonic levitation and spinning technique for rapid tissue dissociation. The method enables fast acquisition of high-quality single cells, preserves rare cell types, and supports single-cell sequencing.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a common clinical intervention used for unresectable liver tumors, but conventional embolic microspheres generally exhibit slack vascular stacking and suboptimal drug release. Here, Guo et al. report tumor vessel-adaptable, adhesive, and absorbable microspheres (3Asphere) for sustained TACE therapy of liver tumors.

A blockchain-based isotopic database compiling 34,815 isotopic fingerprints of global atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and its emissions from 1,890 pollution events is presented, enabling tracing of the ‘intervention−emissions−PM’ pathway.

RNA-binding motifs in eukaryotic proteins are presented in a comprehensive resource.

This post hoc mediation analysis confirmed that most of the UACR-lowering effect of esaxerenone is induced by a pathway independent of BP lowering, even considering eGFR changes.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

The complex shapes of biological tissues are often formed as a result of stress modulations. Wu et al.exploit such behaviour experimentally and theoretically to demonstrate a new mechanism of the formation of three-dimensional structures that is driven by engineered small-scale stresses within patterned hydrogel sheets.

Ensemble forecasts from a dynamical model suggest that fluctuations in atmospheric angular momentum and the length of day can be predicted over a year in advance, thereby providing a source of long-range climate predictability.

Topological side surface, characterization of a weak topological insulator (WTI), has rarely been investigated. Here, Zhang et al. visualize a quasi-one dimensional, spin-momentum locked band on the side surface of the WTI candidate ZrTe₅, and manipulate the bulk band gap by strain.

The activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) was found to promote the progression of Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) via metabolic crosstalk. Here, this group designs a liposome nanosystem encapsulating NF-κB inhibitor (TPCA-1) and CD71 aptamerlinked glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) siRNA to dual rectify the metabolism abnormalities of PDAC cells and reverses the activated PSC to quiescence.

ctDNA is a promising method to monitor tumor burden in triple negative breast cancer. Here, the authors show that ctDNA detection correlated with prognosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy but not at baseline.

Shengchao Liu et al. present ProteinDT, a deep learning approach that can incorporate domain knowledge from textual descriptions into protein representation on a large scale.

Nie et al. describe a mechanism underlying the degradation of the histone methyltransferase NSD2 through the recruitment of FBXO22 E3 ligase, providing a chemical probe for NSD2 function study and targeted protein degradation.

Monodisperse biaxial colloidal particles are used as model systems to understand the phase behavior of biaxial molecules but high-quality biaxial colloids are limited. Here the authors describe gram-scale synthesis of uniform biaxial colloidal cuboids and their assembly into mesophasic structures.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Entry into S phase of the cell cycle is regulated positively by mitogens and negatively by DNA damage; however, how balance of these signals is achieved is not well known. Here the authors show that the NUCKS1-SKP2- p21/p27 axis integrates this information, where the NUCKS1 transcription factor affects levels of p21/p27 to readout the mitogen:DNA damage balance and regulate S phase entry decision.

Patagia—the mammalian gliding membrane—repeatedly originated through a process of convergent genomic evolution, whereby the regulation of Emx2 was altered by distinct cis-regulatory elements in independently evolved species.

Organometallic perovskite solar cells exhibit good efficiency but their photostability is still relatively poorly understood and controlled. Here the authors show that photo-degradation arises from the formation of light-activated meta-stable trap states, is reversible, and can be frozen at 0 °C.

A selective shielding strategy achieves the differentiation and quantification of distinct plasmonic photocatalytic mechanisms including hot carrier-driven photochemistry, resonant field-mediated energy transfers, and thermal contributions.

A prophylactic cancer vaccine consisting of commercial adjuvants wrapped by membranes from pluripotent stem cells inhibited tumour progression in mice, owing to shared antigens between tumour membranes and the pluripotent stem cell membranes.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) onsets in COVID-19 patients with manifestations similar to Kawasaki disease (KD). Here the author probe the peripheral blood transcriptome of MIS-C patients to find signatures related to natural killer (NK) cell activation and CD8+ T cell exhaustion that are shared with KD patients.