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FACED 2.0 builds on and expands the capabilities of the free-space angular-chirp-enhanced delay microscopy approach. Its high speed, large field of view and volumetric coverage enable two-photon voltage imaging of hundreds of neurons or calcium imaging of thousands of neurons in the mouse or zebrafish brain.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

Investigating the inner structure of baryons is important to further our understanding of the strong interaction. Here, the BESIII Collaboration extracts the absolute value of the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors and its relative phase for e + e − → J/ψ → ΛΣ decays, enhancing the signal thanks to the vacuum polarisation effect at the J/ψ peak.

A re-assessment of the global carbon budget shows the natural land sink is substantially smaller than previously estimated, indicating emerging impacts of climate change on the evolution of the carbon sinks.

The HTLV-1 capsid (CA) domain of Gag was resolved to 3.4 Å resolution and reveals insights into immature lattice stabilization, the varying lattice curvatures and distances from the membrane, and the dispensable nature of inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) for immature particle assembly.

A simple transport model infers a material’s electronic dimensionality from standard transport measurements, revealing temperature-, doping- and alloying-driven shifts between low-dimensional and 3D transport in SrTiO₃, Bi₂O₂Se and Pb_1-xSn_xTe.

Wastewater-based surveillance tends to focus on specific pathogens. Here, the authors mapped the wastewater virome from 62 cities worldwide to identify over 2,500 viruses, revealing city-specific virome fingerprints and showing that wastewater metagenomics enables early detection of emerging viruses.

Thermal lepton pairs are ideal probes for the temperature of quark-gluon plasma. Here, the STAR Collaboration uses thermal electron-positron pair production to measure quark-gluon plasma average temperature at different stages of the evolution.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

The properties of many high-temperature superconductors are governed by holes rather than electrons. Gauquelin et al. use atomic resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy to study the effect of oxygen doping on the valence of Cu ions and local electronic structure around the oxygen atoms in YBa₂Cu₃O_6+δ.

Assessing the coupling between a plasmonic nanocavity and a single quantum emitter is challenging due to the lack of spatial control at the atomic scale. Here Zhanget al. achieve control with sub-nanometre precision and demonstrate the Fano resonance and Lamb shift at the single-molecule level.

Quantum lock-in detection (QLID) is crucial for extracting oscillating signals from noise, while quantum entanglement is vital to surpass the standard of quantum limit in precision measurement. Here, the authors experimentally realise entanglement-enhanced QLID using two trapped ions, achieving frequency measurement precision at the Heisenberg limit and demonstrating an improved inverse-quadratic temporal scaling.

The authors demonstrate inverse-designed, ultra-compact multimode photonic components on thin-film lithium niobate. These elements enable densely integrated circuits within a 0.06 mm² chip area and support high-speed data modulation up to 120 Gbps per channel alongside multimode signal transmission.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Slippery covalently attached liquid surfaces are useful in many applications that require low-static friction to droplets. This review compares six prominent methods for preparing polydimethylsiloxane bound to silica surfaces and highlights pitfalls and time savers.

The mechanisms that impact tumorigenesis during aging are incompletely understood. Here Shuldiner et al. show that in mice, aging represses KRAS-driven lung tumorigenesis and dampens the impact of inactivating many tumor suppressor genes, which may contribute to the deceleration in cancer incidence with extreme age in humans.

Williams et al. report a growth arrest mechanism in residual cancer persister cells through targeted therapy-induced upregulation of type I interferon signalling, which is negatively regulated by apoptotic DNA endonuclease DFFB to allow tumour relapse.

Despite improving therapeutic options, the prognosis for patients with metastatic castration-resistance prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains poor. Here, the authors identify MCL1 copy number alterations as a prognostic and predictive biomarker, demonstrating its therapeutic potential as a drug target, either alone or in combination, in patients with mCRPC.

Research in the tropics is unevenly distributed across regions and biomes. Here, the authors find that moist broadleaf forests account for 73% of all tropical citations but cover 29% of the land area, while drier, climate-vulnerable areas with fewer trees remain under-sampled and under-cited.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

Solid tumors often resist immunotherapy due to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here, the authors develop CancerPAM, a multiomics CRISPR pipeline that enables tumor-specific cytokine expression to boost immune infiltration and CAR T cell efficacy in neuroblastoma.

A pan-cancer genomic analysis reports the effects of structural variations on chromatin domains (TADs). Most TAD disruptions do not result in appreciable changes in expression of nearby genes.

Therapeutic gene editing in vivo is an ongoing challenge. Here, authors demonstrate Cas9 nickase guided DNA ligation as a nonviral method for installing permanent genomic corrections with favorable on target edit profiles in model animal cell types and adult mice.

Many tumours exhibit hypoxia (low oxygen) and hypoxic tumours often respond poorly to therapy. Here, the authors quantify hypoxia in 1188 tumours from 27 cancer types, showing elevated hypoxia links to increased mutational load, directing evolutionary trajectories.

Mendelian genetics posits equal transmission of alleles, but selfish alleles can bias the transmission of large genomic regions or entire chromosomes. This study reveals the evolution of large amplicons as a distinct genetic feature of chromosomes with selfish alleles.

Starble, Sun, and colleagues identify an epigenetic priming mechanism that promotes oncogene amplification in acquired resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and establishes a role of METTL7A in this process.

Eosinophils exist as a functionally heterogeneous population. Whether the heterogeneity is driven by cell-intrinsic or extrinsic factors is underexplored. Here, by leveraging single-cell transcriptomic data and epigenomic analysis, the authors propose that local environmental cues define the gene expression program of murine esophageal eosinophils and identify AP-1 family members, including ATF3, as key regulators of gene expression.

Viral pathogen load in cancer genomes is estimated through analysis of sequencing data from 2,656 tumors across 35 cancer types using multiple pathogen-detection pipelines, identifying viruses in 382 genomic and 68 transcriptome datasets.

Laser-induced conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopy, which detects electrons emitted by ²²⁹Th nuclei in a thin ThO₂ sample excited by vacuum ultraviolet light, is demonstrated, opening the possibility of a conversion-electron-based nuclear clock.

Antimicrobial resistance genes that have been mobilized between bacterial species represent a subset of the naturally occurring resistome. Here, the authors compare the abundance, diversity and geographical patterns of acquired resistance genes with latent resistance genes in global sewage metagenomes.

The LHCb experiment at CERN has observed significant asymmetries between the decay rates of the beauty baryon and its CP-conjugated antibaryon, thus demonstrating CP violation in baryon decays.

A multi-institute, multi-platform initiative generates standard metrics and best practices for spatial transcriptomics analysis.

Ultrasound imaging with acoustic reporter genes has been limited to a single ‘tone’, restricting the types of experiments that can be achieved. This work introduces two acoustic reporter genes that enable multiplexed imaging in vitro and in mice.

An analysis of 2,954 genomes from 38 cancer subtypes identified 19,166 retrotransposition events in 35% of samples. Aberrant LINE-1 retrotranspositions can lead to the deletion of tumor-suppressor genes as well as the amplification of oncogenes.

Walmsley and colleagues report that systemic hypoxia induces persistent loss of histone H3K4me3 marks and epigenetic reprogramming in neutrophil progenitors, resulting in long-term impairment of subsequent neutrophil effector functions.

Using population and ecological genomic approaches, the authors demonstrate the potential for interspecific introgression—the transfer of genetic material following hybridization—to reduce climate change vulnerability. Their findings emphasize the importance of preserving interspecific connectivity.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) bears the hallmark loss of VHL but remains incurable. Here, the authors identify the SLC1A1 dicarboxylic amino acid transporter as an actionable, oncogenic, HIF-independent, metabolic dependency in VHL-deficient ccRCCs.

Single-layer graphene, owing to its impermeability, is a promising candidate to prevent transmembrane ion transport. Here, the authors report a covalent functionalization method that enables centimeter-sized graphene to function as a proton exchange membrane in a direct methanol fuel cell.

Understanding asteroid materials is critical for determining deflection methods for planetary defense. Here the authors show, via experiments performed in High-Radiation to Materials facility at CERN, that iron-rich asteroid materials can absorb more energy without structural failure than standard material parameters would suggest.

Recently, two oxidative enzymes have been reported to degrade extremely recalcitrant plastics, PVC and PE. Here, the authors show that these encouraging previous results could not be reproduced, and provide possible reasons for why the data may have been misinterpreted.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

Whole-genome sequencing data for 2,778 cancer samples from 2,658 unique donors across 38 cancer types is used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cancer, revealing that driver mutations can precede diagnosis by several years to decades.

Guest adsorption in soft porous crystals induces host deformation and alters rigidity, yet the role of elastic heterogeneity in adsorption kinetics is not well understood. Using coarse-grained lattice model and dynamic Monte Carlo simulations, this study demonstrates that elastic heterogeneity governs adsorption kinetics, leading to anomalous dynamic scaling, offering a mechanistic foundation for engineering responsive materials with mechanically regulated cooperative molecular transport.