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The CMS Collaboration reports evidence for off-shell Higgs boson contributions in the production of Z boson pairs, and measures the width of the Higgs boson, which is inversely related to its lifetime.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

In human spinal ligament tissue exposed to high stress, fibrotic regions displaying elevated Rho-associated kinase signalling and an increased density of myofibroblasts expressing smooth muscle actin α contribute to degenerative spinal disease.

Whipworms are large parasites causing chronic disease in humans and other mammals. Here, the authors show how larvae create tunnels inside the gut lining and reveal the early host response to infection via Isg15 in mice and murine caecaloids.

The pairing mechanism in kagome superconductors is still not fully understood. Now, CsV₃Sb₅, which belongs to this family, is shown to have orbital-selective pairing with two distinct superconducting domes that are not separated by any phase boundary.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

MultiSTAAR provides a general and flexible statistical framework for functionally informed multi-trait rare variant analysis of biobank-scale sequencing studies by jointly analyzing multiple traits and incorporating annotation information.

The ability to exert control over domains in multiferroic materials is important in terms of the potential use of these materials. In the multiferroic YMnO₃, structural considerations lead to an unusual cloverleaf pattern of ferroelectric domains, where the domain walls are electrically insulating.

Perilipin 3 binds to emerging lipid droplets from the endoplasmic reticulum. Choi and Ajjaji et al characterize the molecular mechanisms of Perilipin 3 recruitment to membranes and uncover a function for the PAT domain in diacylglycerol sensing.

Single atom magnets on surfaces offer potentially long lived and stable spin states, particular lanthanides, which can be adsorbed onto Magnesium Oxide. Here, the authors report on Dysprosium adsorbed onto Magnesium Oxide, which exhibits large magnetic anisotropy energy, and a spin life time of several days at low temperatures

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

In preclinical studies, the FDA approved TSP-1 antagonist gabapentin has been shown to disrupt neuronal-glioma interactions, slowing glioblastoma progression. Here, authors report a retrospective cohort study demonstrating a survival benefit associated with gabapentin in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

Biofuel cells can be used as power sources for implantable biomedical devices, but suffer from limited power and lifetime. Here, Kwon et al.fabricate biscrolled carbon nanotube yarn electrodes, and demonstrate high fuel cell performances when used for glucose energy harvesting.

Electron optics draws upon the resemblance between electron and optical waves. Here, the authors report on the observation of electron mode formation in open cavity resonators realized in a GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electronic gas.

Comparison of genome-wide association studies of HTT CAG repeat expansion in blood to expansion-driven clinical traits in Huntington’s disease identifies shared and distinct modifiers implicating DNA mismatch repair with tissue and cell-type specificity.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Spin-to-charge conversion is the process through with a spin current is converted into charge current. It, along with its inverse effect, represents an essential building block for spintronics devices. Here, Choi et al. demonstrate non-volatile control of spin-to-charge conversion in a ferroelectric and graphene based heterostructure.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

Many tumours exhibit hypoxia (low oxygen) and hypoxic tumours often respond poorly to therapy. Here, the authors quantify hypoxia in 1188 tumours from 27 cancer types, showing elevated hypoxia links to increased mutational load, directing evolutionary trajectories.

CrMnFeCoNi high entropy alloys have high fracture toughness at cryogenic temperatures due to deformation twinning but twinning is not active in this alloy at room temperature. Here authors optimize composition and thermomechanical treatments to introduce non-recrystallized grains, producing high yield strength while maintaining good ductility.

Geometric analysis and constrained optimization algorithms allow for the design of kirigami patterns that can be deployed into any two- or three-dimensional shape.

A consensus cell type atlas for the fly brain provides both an intellectual framework and open-source toolchains for brain-scale comparative connectomics.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

Superfluid ³He is a quantum condensate in which the He atoms are paired in an unconventional way. Yet despite extensive research on the collective modes of superfluid ³He, one mode has remained undiscovered, until now.

The CMS Collaboration reports the study of three simultaneous hard interactions between quarks and gluons in proton–proton collisions. This manifests through the concurrent production of three J/ψ mesons, which consist of a charm-quark–antiquark pair.

In order to be practical, schemes for characterizing quantum operations should require the simplest possible gate sequences and measurements. Here, the authors show how random gate sequences and native measurements (followed by classical post-processing) are sufficient for estimating several gate set properties.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

In thromboinflammation, early tissue plasminogen activator administration directly improves endothelial barrier function, prophylactic defibrotide and enoxaparin suppress microvascular thromboinflammation through endothelium-mediated mechanisms and combining enoxaparin with crizanlizumab reduces microvascular occlusion and protects endothelial function in sickle cell disease.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Deterministically generated single photons are useful for quantum communications, but the processes that create such light are often non-deterministic. Here, the authors enhance the single-photon output probability by multiplexing photons from four temporal modes using fibre-integrated optics.

The bacterium Helicobacter pylori, often found in the human stomach, can be classified into distinct subpopulations associated with the geographic origin of the host. Here, the authors provide insights into H. pylori population structure by collecting over 1,000 clinical strains from 50 countries and generating and analyzing high-quality bacterial genome sequences.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

Whole-genome sequencing data for 2,778 cancer samples from 2,658 unique donors across 38 cancer types is used to reconstruct the evolutionary history of cancer, revealing that driver mutations can precede diagnosis by several years to decades.

It is challenging to realize doping and surface passivation simultaneously in colloidal quantum dot inks. Here Choi et al. employ a cascade surface modification approach to solve the problem and obtain record high efficiency of 13.3% for bulk homojunction solar cells based on these inks.

The Kondo effect from magnetic impurities has been proposed as a probe of fractionalized excitations in a topological quantum spin liquid. Lee et al. experimentally demonstrate the Kondo effect in a Kitaev candidate material α-RuCl3 with dilute Cr impurities.

Different functional variants in ADH1B (and elsewhere) in Europeans and Africans strongly affect risk for alcohol dependence. Dependence only partly genetically correlates with consumption, with strong correlations to other psychiatric disorders.

Federated ML (FL) provides an alternative to train accurate and generalizable ML models, by only sharing numerical model updates. Here, the authors present the largest FL study to-date to generate an automatic tumor boundary detector for glioblastoma.

The characterization of 4,645 whole-genome and 19,184 exome sequences, covering most types of cancer, identifies 81 single-base substitution, doublet-base substitution and small-insertion-and-deletion mutational signatures, providing a systematic overview of the mutational processes that contribute to cancer development.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

An analysis of 2,954 genomes from 38 cancer subtypes identified 19,166 retrotransposition events in 35% of samples. Aberrant LINE-1 retrotranspositions can lead to the deletion of tumor-suppressor genes as well as the amplification of oncogenes.