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A whole monkey brain is imaged at high resolution in 100 hours.

The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in osteosarcoma has been limited. Here, the authors investigate the immunogenomic landscape of osteosarcoma, and integrated analyses highlight features related to a suppressed immune microenvironment.

Selective hydrogenolysis of biomass glycerol to propanediol is a promising route for the production of high-value chemicals but remains a challenge. Here, the authors find a PtCu single atom alloy catalyst exhibits remarkably boosted performance with a turnover frequency value of 2.6 × 10³ mol_glycerol·mol_PtCu–SAA⁻¹·h⁻¹.

Renewable biomass conversion may afford high-value products from common materials, but catalysts usually require expensive metals and exhibit poor selectivities. Here, authors employ nickel-iron oxide and nitride electrocatalysts to produce H₂ and to convert glucose to glucaric acid selectively.

Prostaglandins PGE1 and PGA1 have neuroprotective effects by enhancing the transcriptional activity of Nurr1 by directly binding to its ligand-binding domain and upregulating their target genes implicated in Parkinson’s disease.

The authors demonstrate control of antiferromagnetic order using helical light.

Acquired resistance to chemotherapy can lead to multi-drug resistance and poor prognosis in cancer. Here, the authors show that Rac1 increases glycolysis and non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway activity leading to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) resistance, thus its inhibition sensitizes resistant breast cancer PDXs to NAC.

Electrocatalysts with improved activity and stability for the conversion of CO₂ to CO are being sought. Using operando spectroscopies, the authors identify atomically dispersed Ni(i) as the active site in a nitrogenated-graphene-supported catalyst with high intrinsic activity and stability over 100 hours.

Long-chain alcohols synthesis from syngas conversion is a promising route for the production of high-value chemicals. Here the authors show that a heterogeneous Fe₅C₂/Cu catalyst derived from layered double hydroxides precursor exhibits excellent performance with a space time yield of 0.101 g g_cat⁻¹ h⁻¹ at a low pressure of 1 MPa.

A high-performance, cost-effective high-temperature intelligent microwire with exceptional combination of superb superelasticity, outstanding one-way shape memory effect, and remarkable two-way shape memory effect is designed with the concept of creating oligocrystalline structure with bamboo-like grains. This microwire shows tremendous potential for applications as intelligent components at elevated temperatures, especially in miniature devices, such as high-temperature microelectromechanical systems.

The most up-to-date combination of results on the properties of the Higgs boson is reported, which indicate that its properties are consistent with the standard model predictions, within the precision achieved to date.

The CMS Collaboration reports evidence for off-shell Higgs boson contributions in the production of Z boson pairs, and measures the width of the Higgs boson, which is inversely related to its lifetime.

The sequencing and assembly of the highly polymorphic oyster genome through a combination of short reads and fosmid pooling, complemented with extensive transcriptome analysis of development and stress response and proteome analysis of the shell, provides new insight into oyster biology and adaptation to a highly changeable environment.

The molecular mechanisms underpinning how fasting inhibits tumourigenesis are not completely elucidated. Here, the authors show that fasting upregulates the cholesterogenic gene FDFT1 which leads to decreased AKT/mTOR/HIF1a signalling and glycolysis reduction in colorectal cancer.

The MLDS protein is a major component of lipid droplets (LDs) in oleaginous bacteria. Here, Zhanget al. show that LDs bind to genomic DNA via MLDS, which enhances bacterial survival under certain stress conditions.

Using metal oxides for both the hole- and electron-transport layers in perovskite solar cells significantly improves their stability compared with devices containing organic transport layers.

Sabeti et al. build on their This paper builds on previous work of detecting selection on human genes, using the many more markers available in the Phase II HapMap project. Three examples of apparent population-specific selection based on geographic area are described, and how these may relate to human biology is discussed.

This work shows that treatments used for acute myeloid leukaemia and targeted therapies could be used for early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Hippocampal lesioned mice form new memories. Here, the authors show the lateral entorhinal cortex modulates learning-induced cortical long-range gamma synchrony in a hippocampal-dependent manner and artificially induced cortical gamma synchrony across cortical areas improved memory encoding in hippocampal lesioned mice.

An intermediate cube phase with a medium-range order structure is identified in Pd-Ni-P metallic glass, which links the amorphous and crystalline phases.

An increase in glycine decarboxylase (GLDC) activity, a key enzyme for glycine catabolism, has been associated to tumourigenesis. Here, the authors show that mTORC1 activation induces GLDC deacetylation which impairs its ubiquitin-associated degradation leading to increased GLDC activity and tumourigenesis.

In this study, the authors show that RIP1/RIP3/MLKL-mediated necroptosis is activated in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease. Blockade of necroptosis through pharmacological intervention by Nec-1 or deletion of RIP3/MLKL gene increased dopamine levels and the number of dopaminergic neurons in mice. Moreover, necroptosis enhanced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, which may have initiated neuroinflammation and in turn aggravated dopaminergic neuron necroptosis.

Jin et al. discover the accumulation of natural killer (NK) cells in the aged brains of humans and mice. Neuroblast senescence in the dentate gyrus augments NK cell cytotoxicity that impairs neurogenesis and cognition during normal brain aging.

A combination of repeated systemic infusion and local transplantation of hiPSC-MSCs could enhance regenerative therapies for cardiovascular disease.

Genomic analysis of 5,303 Chinese women with recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) enables the identification and replication of two genome-wide significant loci contributing to risk of MDD on chromosome 10: one near the SIRT1 gene; the other in an intron of the LHPP gene.

The basolateral amygdala is implicated in several behavior-related states including anxiety, autism, and addiction. The authors apply circuit-level pathway tracing methods combined with computational techniques to provide a comprehensive connectivity atlas of the mouse basolateral amygdala complex.

The transcription-independent function of trimethylation of histone H3 (H3K4me) in cell division is unclear. Here, Heng-Yu Fan and colleagues report that CFP1, a subunit of the H3K4 methyltransferase, is required for oocyte meiosis, being phosphorylated and degraded during cell cycle transition.