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Low temperature is a major factor limiting productivity in rice. Here the authors show that theCTB4a gene confers cold tolerance to japonicavarieties adapted to cold habitats at the booting stage of development, and propose that CTB4a acts via an interaction with the beta subunit of ATP synthase.

In a small trial of patients with severe systemic lupus erythematosus and nephritis, treatment with allogeneic T cells with a CD19 chimeric antigen receptor inserted into the T cell receptor locus and deletion of the PD-1 (PDCD1) gene were safe and associated with reduced disease activity.

Construction of chiral nanostructures is impeded by the entropic barrier of dissymmetric blocks. Here, the authors report a dynamic assembly/disassembly strategy to yield single-unit organometallic helices for enantioselective amyloid inhibition.

The scope of Lewis acid catalysis mediated by enzymes is low compared with the range of reactions it drives in organic synthesis. Now the substitution of the iron centre with copper, and the subsequent directed evolution, enabled a non-haem iron hydroxylase to efficiently catalyse asymmetric abiotic Conia-ene cyclizations.

Analysis of whole-genome sequencing data from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells taken from patients with myeloma shows how treatment shapes clonal architecture and sheds light on the evolution of treatment-related myeloid neoplasms.

The retention of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) in the mesangium leads to pathogenesis in IgA nephropathy. Here the authors report that Gd-IgA1 is internalized by mesangial cells potentially via transferrin receptor 1, forming aggregates that disrupt lysosomal function and elicit inflammation.

The combination of targeted therapeutic agents for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) salvage treatment has potential in clinics. Here this group conducts a single-arm, open-label, phase II trial assessing the combination therapy of regorafenib (tyrosine kinase inhibitor) and sintilimab (PD-1 targeting) as a safe and effective salvage-line treatment for mCRC patients who have progressed upon second-line treatment.

Asian soybean rust (ASR) is a devastating disease of soybean. Here, the author report the identification of an atypical pair of nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) encoding genes and how they function together to confer broad-spectrum resistance to ASR.

The authors present a chip-based plasmonic scattering microscope (Chip-PSM) for labelfree imaging of single nanoparticles over a large field-of-view, with isotropic point spread function and high spatial resolution. They demonstrate imaging of diverse nanoparticles, highlighting applications in biological, physical, environmental, and chemical sciences.

Discectomy-induced ferroptosis of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) contributes to postoperative intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Here, Wang et al. report a therapeutic strategy employing ECM-mimetic hydrogel fillers for delivering NPC-derived exosomes to combat ferroptosis-induced IDD.

The study assembled a chromosome-level genome of Cycas panzhihuaensis, the last major lineage of seed plants for which a high-quality genome assembly was lacking. The study closes an important gap in our understanding of genome structure and evolution in seed plants.

Specific binders to peptide–MHC class II are rapidly generated without laborious screening.

Direct modulation of protein by artificial catalysts as enzyme mimetics remains hindered by the lack of highly efficient catalytic centers. Here, the authors present the development of artificial protein modulators (APROMs) with protein phosphatase-like characteristics, catalytically reprogram the biological function of α-synuclein.

TMPRSS2 and CTSL/CTSB, host proteases that facilitate SARS-CoV-2 entry, are promising drug targets. Here the authors simultaneously inhibit these host proteases and see synergistic antiviral effects, offering a broad-spectrum intervention against SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Genome analysis of the pico-eukaryotic marine green alga Prasinoderma coloniale CCMP 1413 unveils the existence of a novel phylum within green plants (Viridiplantae), the Prasinodermophyta, which diverged before the split of Chlorophyta and Streptophyta.

Multimodal optical-materials are highly desirable due to their advantages in enhancing information security, though independent modulation is challenging. Here, the authors report a method using coloration and switchable fluorescence for information encryption.

Oblique line scan microscopy achieves nanoscale spatial and sub-millisecond temporal resolution across a large field of view, enabling improved and robust single-molecule biophysical measurements and single-molecule tracking in both cells and solution.

Screening in Escherichia coli and biochemical experiments show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, OSCA2.1 and OSCA2.2 function as plant sensors of hypo-osmolarity, utilize Ca²⁺ oscillations as second messengers and have crucial roles in pollen germination.

A protein platform rapidly develops peptide-focused major histocompatibility complex class I binders with high specificity.

Batteries with solid polymer electrolytes face challenges in electrochemical stability and compatibility with high-voltage cathodes. Chunsheng Wang and colleagues have developed a polymer blend with a high Li salt concentration that enhances the stability of solid polymer electrolytes and achieves promising electrochemical performance in full-cell applications.

Flexible Ag₂Se possesses promising near-room-temperature thermoelectric performance, while trade-off in thermoelectric performance and flexibility enhances its practical utility. Here, the authors fabricate polycrystalline Ag₂Se-based thin film with a high ZT of 1.27 at 363 K by Te doping.

MonCI, a flavin-dependent monooxygenase, transforms all three C = C groups in the polyene substrate into epoxides during monensin A biosynthesis. Here, the authors present the structural basis for this enzyme’s regio- and stereoselective epoxidation activity.

A fusion and glue platform was developed to determine the cryo-EM structures of GPCRs in diverse states ranging from β2-adrenergic receptors to adhesion receptors.

Detection of lung adenocarcinoma through serum sampling could be an alternative to CT scanning. Here, the authors use global metabolomics to create a 27 metabolite signature, which showed accuracy in detection in an external validation cohort.

Long noncoding RNAs have been shown to play a role in cardiovascular disease. Here, the authors identify a lncRNA named CCRR, whose downregulation in failing hearts causes cardiac conduction disturbances by altering the endocytic trafficking of Cx43.

The genomes of two fern species, Azolla filiculoides and Salvinia cucullata, are reported and provide insights into fern-specific whole-genome duplications, fern-specific insect-resistant gene evolution and fern–cyanobacterial symbiosis.

The acquisition of resistance to one antibiotic sometimes leads to collateral sensitivity to a second antibiotic. Here, the authors show that vancomycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium is associated with a remarkable increase in susceptibility to pleuromutilin antibiotics, such as lefamulin.

Detection of invading bacteria is key to immunity. Here, the authors report cryo-electron microscopy structures of agonist-bound formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1), that reveal structural basis for recognition of bacteria-derived formyl peptides.

A study sequenced and analysed two genomes of basal streptophyte algae that adapt to freshwater and subaerial/terrestrial environments, respectively, providing insights into plant terrestrialization, an important evolutionary transition in the history of life.

An electrolyte design strategy based on a group of soft solvents is used to achieve lithium-ion batteries that operate safely under extreme conditions without lithium plating and with the capability of fast charging.

EGFR signalling has been linked to cancer development but whether it has any role in pre-metastatic niche formation is not known. Here the authors show that gastric cancer cells send EGFR through exosomes to the liver where it causes the establishment of a favourable microenvironment thus promoting metastasis.

The increase in detoxification gene expression is a common transcriptome marker for longevity interventions. Here, the authors show that nomilin extends lifespan and healthspan in animals through activation of PXR regulated detoxification functions.

The active sites of metal-free carbon catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction remain still elusive. Now, Yao, Dai and co-workers combine work-function analyses with macro/micro-electrochemical measurements on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite and conclude that pentagon defects are the main active sites for acidic oxygen reduction.