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Authors develop a siRNA delivery system, named Ionizable Polymeric Micelles (IPMs) which employs a FAPi modification, enabling IPMs to target activated hepatic stellate cells, silencing target genes and treating liver fibrosis.

The heterogeneity of HSPCs in response to IR stress remains poorly characterized. Here, the authors provide insights into the molecular intricacies of IR-induced BM injury and reveal the roles of BMP4-BMPR2 signaling in radiation resistance of HSCs.

Machine-learned potentials are accurate but often lack broad applicability. Here, authors develop a general-purpose neuroevolution potential for 16 metals and their alloys, achieving efficient and accurate predictions of various physical properties.

Dynamic ionic gradients of counterions in films of metal nanoparticles functionalized with charged organic ligands can be used to create transistors that are capable of a 400-fold modulation of the electrical conductivity and can be used to construct logic gates and half-adder circuits.

An analysis of genomic, molecular and neuroanatomical traits across extant primates reveals early divergence in visual and olfactory systems of major primate lineages consistent with lineage-specific shifts in diel activity and dietary niche, providing support for a sensory ‘reallocation’ hypothesis.

Self-assembled monolayers targeting wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells are essential to reduce the open-circuit voltage loss. Here, the authors report the stepwise tuning of interfacial energy level through inductive effect, achieving perovskite/TOPCon tandem solar cells with efficiency over 31%.

Light-driven approaches could lower the carbon footprint of chemical production. Here the authors use the perovskite oxide LaMn_1−xCu_xO₃ as a photocatalyst to convert ethane to ethylene and hydrogen.

The host factors that drive adaptive substitutions in the influenza virus remain poorly understood. Here, Zou et al. identify GGCX as a key determinant for the adaption of Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza virus to receptor binding.

Mechanical scratching and oxidative stress can aggravate atopic dermatitis symptoms, while treatment targeting scratching is often overlooked. Here, the authors find that enhanced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase is associated with scratch-exacerbated AD, then develop a hydrogel dressing that integrates oxidative stress modulation with FAK inhibition to synergistically treat AD.

Myocardial infarction can lead to malignant arrhythmia and myocardial remodeling. Here, the authors report a microchanneled hydrogel suture for two-way signal communication, pumping drugs on demand, and cardiac repair.

Genetically-encoded indicators with more red-shifted excitation and emission wavelengths are advantageous for in vivo imaging. Here, Dalangin et al. report the engineering of far-red fluorescent Ca2+ indicators and demonstrate their utility for monitoring of all-optical cardiac pacing in embryonic zebrafish.

Perovskite solar cells often rely on ordered molecular contacts for favourable charge-carrier transport, and any organizational disruption reduces device efficiency. Now a contact featuring an orthogonal π-skeleton has been shown to afford a high resilience to external stimuli plus long-term durability in accelerated-ageing tests.

A new AI generative model leverages the use of synthetic images to effectively augment existing datasets, boosting performance across multiple medical applications

IgG4-related disease is a fibro-inflammatory disorder, characterized by infiltration of IgG4 producing plasma cells in the target organs. Here authors show that the affected B cells express less ubiquitin-specific protease 25 (USP25), and this results in activation of multiple pathways involved in cytoskeleton reorganization, inflammation and energy metabolism, which might govern disease pathogenesis.

Treatments for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain limited. Here, the authors show that 40 hertz blue light activates a visual circuit to boost glymphatic drainage, and enhances memory, motivation, and anti-Aβ therapy efficacy in a mouse model of AD.

China is the global hotspot of ammonia emissions from croplands, with adverse impacts on human health and the environment. Reporting on a large-scale ammonia reduction trial at the county level in the North Plain China, this study shows that coordinated actions among smallholders can ensure high yields and improved air quality.

The partial replacement of the A-site by divalent methylenediammonium cations inhibits ion migration and photoinduced halide segregation in wide-bandgap perovskites. Single-junction devices achieve a certified power conversion efficiency of 22.71%, whereas perovskite/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ tandem devices exhibit an efficiency of 30.13% in a four-terminal architecture.

The energy disorders in the lateral direction of the junction in large-area photovoltaic modules are largely overlooked. Here, authors employ organic amidinium passivators to suppress the micro-inhomogeneity in the lateral energy landscapes and achieve high performance stable perovskite solar cells.

Here, authors propose a tripartite synergistic optimization strategy involving cathode host, electrolyte additive, and in-situ anode protection, which enables the zinc-iodine batteries exhibit high capacity, superior energy density, and ultralong cycle life.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

Fine turning the local configuration of single atoms into substrate is challenging. Here, the authors report that burying single atoms into subsurface lattice of substrate can stimulate more surficial active sites and thus promote the overall catalytic performance in methanol electrooxidation.

The authors report the structures of glutamate-gated kainate receptors in complex with NETO2 in both the resting and the desensitized states and reveal how kainate receptors in the brain are regulated by NETO2.

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 2 (VIP2R) is involved in immunity. Here, the authors report two cryo-EM structures of the VIP2R–G_s in complex with the endogenous peptide ligand PACAP27, revealing a unique interaction mode between PACAP27 and the receptor, stabilized by the N-terminal α-helix of VIP2R.

A peri-fused polyaromatic core structure is used to produce a relatively chemically inert and structurally rigid molecular contact that improves the efficiency and durability of perovskite solar cells.

Targeted delivery of mRNA using lipid nanoparticles is currently a challenge. Here, the authors examine the composition of LNPs and report changes to the standard formulation can address issues with liver accumulation and allow for increased tissue specific targeting.

Socioeconomic status is multidimensional and can change over time. Xu, Lui, Ji et al. found dimension-specific, late-stage-specific and change-specific socioeconomic effects on brain, cognition, personality and emotion.

Proected areas (PA) expansion is a major conservation goal, but its effectiveness is debated. Here, the authors propose a multi-dimensional framework to assess PA vulnerability and select areas suitable for expansion, demonstrating it for 2572 PAs in China under a low-emission scenario.

Concomitant traumatic brain injury accelerates bone healing, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, the authors show that injured neurons, mainly those in the hippocampus, release osteogenic miRNA-enriched small extracellular vesicles, which targete osteoprogenitors to stimulate bone formation.

The deubiquitinase USP24 stabilizes Beclin1 by decreasing its K48-linked ubiquitination. The interaction between USP24 and Beclin1 represents a key molecular mechanism that promotes autophagy related ferroptosis in HCC.

Analysis of 43,191 genomes obtained from publicly available marine bacterial and archaeal metagenome data provides insights into marine bacterial evolution, CRISPR–Cas defence and antibiotic resistance genes, and demonstrates the potential of marine metagenomes for biotechnological applications.

There is no noninvasive solution for tPAresistant thrombi as the mechanism remains obscure. Here, the authors show a constructed ultrasound-responsive theranostic platform for real-time monitoring and efficient thrombolysis by breaking the keychain in tPA-resistant thrombi.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder with high morbidity and mortality, and there is no specific drug to treat it. Here, the authors show that the AR-CAND1-ACAA2 axis regulates the development of NAFLD, and enhancing the function of CAND1 is a promising strategy for the development of a therapeutic agent for NAFLD.

Aurora-A kinase is frequently over-expressed in tumours. Here, the authors show that it modulates the activity of lactate dehydrogenase B, resulting in enhanced glycolysis, bio-synthesis and tumour growth.

Many of the most industrially important magnets require the addition of rare-earths to improve their coercivity and magnetic performance. Here, the authors place a single paramagnetic rare-earth ion, Er³⁺, in a diamagnetic nanoparticle, and study the slow relaxation of the resulting nanoparticles, providing vital information for the further development of rare-earth magnetic materials.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is most commonly detected at a late stage, which limits survival and treatment options. Here, the authors utilise whole genome bisulfite sequencing to create a cfDNA framework to detect cfDNA methylation, copy number variants and fragmentation.

Relaxin family peptide receptor 4 (RXFP4) regulates pleiotropic biological processes. Here, authors report cryo-EM structures revealing the ligand-binding modes and key determinants of peptidomimetic agonism and subtype selectivity

Hydroxyl-carboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2) functions as a high-affinity receptor for nicotinic acid (vitamin B3). Here, authors report the cryo-EM structure of the HCA2-G_i complex with the agonist MK-6892 and inactive state crystal structures of mutation stabilized HCA2, to describe the mechanism of HCA2 signaling.