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An analysis of 140 floras from China reveals that high species diversity exists in granite and mixed landforms, while low species diversity is found in karst, Danxia, and desert landforms. Based on these findings, the authors provide new clues for understanding the assembly and differentiation of mountain floras, highlighting the role of bedrock and landform processes.

Mitofusin-2 (MFN2) is a dynamin-like GTPase that plays a central role in regulating mitochondrial fusion and cell metabolism. Here, authors report crystal structures of truncated human MFN2 in different nucleotide-loading states and show that MFN2 forms sustained dimers even after GTP hydrolysis.

Activation mechanism of GPCRs in dimeric form remains enigmatic. Here, the authors present a dynamic characterization of mGlu5, an obligate dimeric class C GPCR, suggesting an asymmetric, stepwise allosteric activation mechanism.

This study reveals how the North Atlantic Oscillation emerged and evolved over 160 million years, highlighting the role of continental drift, land-ocean contrast, and orography in shaping modern atmospheric variability.

Effectively delivering medications to the renal tubule to delay or halt chronic kidney disease progression remains a significant unmet clinical challenge. Here, authors introduce an innovative strategy for renal tubule targeting using biomimetic high-density lipoprotein (bHDL) nanoparticles.

A parity–time symmetric system based on two coupled acoustic resonators in a lithium niobate platform can achieve non-reciprocal propagation of acoustic waves.

Migratory functionalization of C–H bonds through metal migration from carbon to carbon under transition metal catalysis is a process of significant academic and industrial interest. Here, the authors report a palladium-catalyzed migratory cyclization of α-bromoalkene derivatives to yield benzoheterocycles.

RORγt+ group 3 innate lymphoid cells are intimately involved in intestinal homeostasis, their dysregulation is linked to inflammatory gut diseases. Here the authors show that dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin signalling contributes to disturbed regulation of group 3 innate cells and intestinal inflammation.

Phylogenomic analysis of 7,923 angiosperm species using a standardized set of 353 nuclear genes produced an angiosperm tree of life dated with 200 fossil calibrations, providing key insights into evolutionary relationships and diversification.

While progress has been made in the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of helicene (-like) molecules, the synthesis of multiple helicenes remains challenging. Herein, the authors report organocatalytic [4 + 2] cycloadditions to achieve double S-shaped quadruple helicene-like molecules with high enantioselectivity.

A foundation model learns transcriptional regulatory syntax from chromatin accessibility and sequence data across a range of cell types to predict gene expression and transcription factor interactions, with generalizability to unseen cell types.

Mental stress is well known to cause cardiovascular disease. Here, the authors show that an imbalance in RBM24-S181 phosphorylation impairs cardiac translation of APOE, leading to cardiac contractile dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, fibrosis, and sudden death under psychological stress.

The production of hematopoietic stem cells in the embryo is precisely regulated by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Here, the authors find that autophagy is involved in the maturation of hematopoietic precursors through nucleolin pathways.

SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals are a public health concern. Here, the authors analyse the clinical characteristics and profile immune alterations among vaccinated and non-vaccinated residents with Delta SARS-CoV-2 infection in Guangzhou.

Here the authors determine the cryoEM structure of Symbiodinium photosystem I, revealing a distinct architecture and pigment network of this light-harvesting supercomplex.

Optoelectronic neural interfaces allow for non-genetic and remote modulation of neural activity. Here, the authors propose a biodegradable, flexible and miniaturized neural interface based on molybdenum-modified silicon diodes that allows transdermal neuromodulation and promotes nerve regeneration.

Multiple genetic loci are associated with lung cancer risk, but the underlying genetic mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, the authors perform single-cell RNA-seq and ATAC-seq analyses of lung cells from ever- and never-smokers; they report candidate cis-regulatory elements that colocalise with candidate causal variants in lung cancer risk loci and potential susceptibility genes.

A new phylogenomic tree for butterflies is constructed using 391 genes from 2,300 species, representing 92% of genera. It suggests that butterflies originated around 100 million years ago in what is now the Americas and originally fed on Fabaceae.

This Protocol covers the directed self-assembly of mesoporous TiO₂ materials into tuneable configurations with atomic, nanoscopic and mesoscopic precision achieved in solution.

Liver tumour-initiating cells (TICs) may be responsible for liver cancer initiation and recurrence. In this article, the authors show that a previously unidentified lncRNA, LncSox4, is highly expressed in liver cancer TICs and regulates TIC self-renewal through the Stat3/SOX4 axis.

In-sensor and near-sensor computing are emerging as the next-generation computing paradigm, for high-density and low-power sensory processing. Here, the authors report a fully hardware-implemented artificial visual system for versatile image processing based on multimodal-multifunctional optoelectronic resistive memory devices with optical and electrical resistive switching modes.

Indicine cattle make up half of all cattle populations worldwide. Using a large genomic dataset, this study finds historic migrations and extensive introgression with domestic and wild bovine species has facilitated this species physiological adaptation to extreme environments.

A high-resolution, global atlas of mortality of children under five years of age between 2000 and 2017 highlights subnational geographical inequalities in the distribution, rates and absolute counts of child deaths by age.

An efficient and scalable direct seawater electrolysis method for hydrogen production that addresses the side-reaction and corrosion problems associated with using seawater instead of pure water is demonstrated.

A tomato super-pangenome constructed using chromosome-scale genomes of nine wild species and two cultivated accessions highlights genomic diversity and structural variation across wild and cultivated tomatoes.

Han et al. report the existence of neural stem cells (NSCs) outside the central nervous system and show that these peripheral NSCs display features similar to brain NSCs, including the ability to differentiate into mature neurons.

The growth of crystals as spirals is unusual and this morphology can be applied to the development of flexible sensors and soft robots when the crystals respond to external stimuli. Here, the authors report the incorporation of a non-uniform layer of a polymer blend onto slender centimeter-size organic crystals to produce crystals having spiral shapes that respond reversibly to environmental variations.

Benzene is a genotoxic carcinogen with no safe level of exposure. Here, by creating and decorating a structural defect in a metal–organic framework to form MIL-125-Zn, a benzene uptake of 7.63 mmol g^–1 at 1.2 mbar is observed due to binding to Zn(II) sites.

The transduction of signals by c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) is highly contextual and has diverse cell functions. Here, the authors reveal tiered kinases in the JNK pathway are regulated by intracellular pH with changed signaling outcomes.

The large intestine mucosa possesses a surprising plasticity to switch on small intestine genes. Here, Wei G. et al. show that a chromatin complex composed of SATB2, MTA2 and HNF4A regulates this tissue plasticity in the adult gut.

Th17 cells produce a range of characteristic Th17 type cytokines and express transcription factors governed by epigenetic regulation to engage the Th17 programme. Here the authors implicate the RNA 5- methylcytosine (m⁵C) methyltransferase Nsun2 in Th17 cells and the promotion of colitis in a murine model.

Determining glioma types directly from whole-slide images (WSIs) would be of great diagnostic utility. Here, the authors develop a deep learning model to identify diffuse glioma types from WSIs according to the 2021 WHO classification across multiple cohorts and with interpretable features.

Cycling of the sulfur compound DMSOP by dimethylsulfoniopropionate lyase enzymes in the most abundant marine bacteria, algae and fungi is diverse and prevalent in Earth’s oceans and sediments and probably impacts climate-active gas production.

Active enhancers are still understudied in colorectal cancers (CRC). Here the authors analyse active enhancers in CRC patients using genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics, identifying and validating variant super-enhancer loci as well as KLF3 as a relevant transcription factor.

The long-term stability of perovskite solar cells remains a critical challenge for the commercialization of the technology. Here, the authors adopt a non-noble metal/metal oxide/polymer multiple-barrier to suppress device degradation, achieving long-term stability in encapsulated p-i-n devices.