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Existing Moiré materials are mostly van der Waals heterostructures. Here the authors show that hydrogen-bond adaptability allows spontaneous formation of twisted bilayer ice at magic angles in 2D confinement, establishing a new class of Moiré materials.

A single umbilical cord blood unit of CD34⁺ HSPCs produces a high number of CD19 CAR-iNK cells using a modified cell culture method.

Florfenicol treatment substantially increased the abundance and mobility of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the common carp gut microbiome. The resistome and mobilome profiles failed to return to baseline after the mandated withdrawal time, indicating that this period is insufficient to mitigate the risk of ARG transmission to consumers.

An ex vivo model and pre-clinical study in a brain-dead recipient provide enzyme-converted O organs to avoid hyperacute rejection in ABO-incompatible kidney transplant patients.

The authors develop a molecular dopant to avoid the dimerization of the electron-selective material phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester, resulting in enhanced stability and efficiency in inverted perovskite solar cells.

Solar-driven production of H₂O₂ and chemicals from O₂ and biomass is promising but hindered by inefficient photocatalysts. Here, the authors report composite photocatalysts of atomically dispersed Ta sites for broad-spectrum light absorption and selective biomass conversion in a three-phase system.

Embryonic stem cells for chicken and seven other avian species are derived.

Trained and validated on multimodal data from 14.5 million images from multicountry datasets, a foundation model is shown to increase diagnostic and referral accuracy of clinicians when used as an assistant in a trial involving 16 ophthalmologists and 668 patients.

The Chang’e-6 landing site contains ~30 ppm more water on its surface than its subsurface, with observed temporal variations. It holds twice the water content of the Chang’e-5 landing site. These findings demonstrate that solar wind and impacts are key to the formation of lunar water.

A new artificial intelligence model, DeepSeek-R1, is introduced, demonstrating that the reasoning abilities of large language models can be incentivized through pure reinforcement learning, removing the need for human-annotated demonstrations.

A reinforcement learning-based virtual reality system, implementing a series of sport sessions with coaching, was as effective as standard physical activity in reducing fat mass in adolescents, with positive effects on cognition.

CRISPR-based diagnostics are often limited by complex workflows and poor validation. Here the authors develop and validate a one-pot asymmetric CRISPR assay, which permits rapid and sensitive diagnosis of tuberculosis in a format which is suitable for resource-limited settings.

A screen for protein degraders discovers hits by imaging cell survival.

This study introduces the Cattle Cell Atlas, a single-cell expression resource including 1,793,854 cells from 59 tissues. Integrative analyses leveraging this atlas provide insights into the biology underlying bovine monogenic and complex traits.

Wang and colleagues show that an AI-assisted designed peptide obstructs GSDMD pores and inhibits IL-1β and IL-18 release and pyroptosis.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

A pharmacophore-oriented 3D molecular generation method, which efficiently generates diverse, drug-like molecules is proposed. It successfully identifies new inhibitors in real-world drug discovery.

PLD4 loss-of-function mutations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus leads to excessive activation of TLR7 and TLR9.

NICER is a broad-spectrum nanovaccine based on a nanovesicle system that can induce an effective immune response via epigenetic regulation to target both cancer stem-like cells and bulk tumour cells to prevent tumour recurrence.

In free radical polymerization, poorly connected nanoclusters lead to heterogeneous polymer networks with diminished mechanical properties. Now, a photogenerated nitroxide that couples propagating radicals during polymerization is reported, converting these otherwise unfavourable nanoclusters into robustly interconnected phases, thereby enhancing the network structure and improving mechanical performance.

The ability to form pores in the plasma membrane of host airway epithelial cells is a common feature of many structurally diverse allergens that induce type 2 immune responses by stimulating IL-33 release and causing Ca²⁺ influx.

Counterintuitively, the presence of water is found to improve the performance of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes.

Photonic synthetic dimension (on TFLN chip) attracts broad interest. Here, authors achieve tunable couplings via MZI-linked resonators, and prove its versatility by realizing multiple models including tight-binding lattice, the Hall ladder and Creutz ladder along with their featured phenomena

How metabolic signals are sensed by the cell cycle machinery remains unclear. Here, the authors demonstrate that the glycolytic enzyme PFKM acts as a citrate sensor to promote mitosis, coupling metabolic activity to cell cycle regulation.

Addressing the stability challenges from metal electrodes/perovskite components chemical interactions is essential for high-performance perovskite solar cells. Here, authors design a bilayer polymer buffer to mitigate metal/ion interdiffusion, realizing a certified efficiency of 26.46%.

A dual-gated moiré superlattice device made of trilayer WSe₂/WS₂/WSe₂ enables controlling quadrupolar excitons by driving quadrupolar-to-dipolar exciton transitions via tuning the excitation intensity and doping.

Rational design of gas diffusion layers (GDL) is critical for enhancing the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Here, the authors employ Bayesian machine learning to design aligned GDLs, achieving a limiting current density of 7200 mA cm^-2.

An industry-compatible disorder-to-disorder synthesis produces wafer-scale, ultraclean monolayer amorphous carbon in seconds that can be used as a membrane for generating high-precision proton beams.

Proper lipid storage in adipocytes is critical for preventing ectopic lipid deposition and maintaining metabolic health. Here, the authors show the important role of the adipocyte-specific gene clstn3b in promoting lipid droplet maturation and enhancing the lipid storage capacity of adipocytes.

Drivers of viral evolution in SARS-CoV-2 are insufficiently understood. In this study, the authors show how a key SARS-CoV-2 mutation, NSP4 T492I, is potentially responsible for accelerating genome evolution to develop adaptive variants (e.g. Omicron).

A hybrid cathode interfacial layer (AZnO-F3N) is developed, delivering 21.0% efficiency along with excellent stability, mechanical robustness and broad versatility, highlighting its potential to advance organic solar cells.

Previous ophthalmic foundation models have struggled to generalize effectively to diverse and rare fundus diseases, restricting their clinical applicability. Here, the authors introduce a vision-language foundation model that demonstrates superior performance in diagnosing both common and rare fundus conditions.

A highly potent and selective small-molecule catalytic inhibitor of the protein lysine methyltransferase NSD2 shows therapeutic efficacy in preclinical models of KRAS-driven pancreatic cancer and lung cancer.

The authors construct a nanostructure consisting of defect dipole polarization and polymorphic relaxor phases. The high-entropy ceramic achieves an energy density of 11.23 J cm⁻³, an efficiency of 90.87%, along with temperature sensing feature.

Exposure of mice to high fructose during gestation or early postnatal life causes decreased microglial phagocytosis during brain development and leads to anxiety-like behaviour in adolescence.

Assembly and analysis of a giant genome of 52.7 Gb, with the largest chromosome so far, and a smaller genome of 3.55 Gb, sheds light on the expansion, maintenance and higher-order chromatin structure of giant genome.

The authors demonstrate that high-precision birefringence detection at the 10⁻¹¹ level can be achieved using spin-orbit-coupled Rabi oscillations in a photonic two-level system. The presented detection technique benefits a broad range of applications involving optical birefringence such as precise control of the entangled photonic states.

Desmocollin 2 (DSC2) binds to the EBV glycoprotein H/glycoprotein L complex and allows for virus entry to epithelial cells, which could be blocked by DSC2-specific antibodies. DSC2 allowed for virus entry independent of Ephrin receptor A2.

LipidIN is an advanced framework designed for flash platform-independent lipid annotation. Featuring a comprehensive 168.5-million lipid fragment library with the intelligent models, LipidIN improves annotation accuracy, speed, and coverage.

R9AP is a key receptor for entry of Epstein–Barr virus into human epithelial and B cells, and interacts directly with the viral glycoprotein gH/gL complex to mediate virus–host membrane fusion.

Here, Cai et al. demonstrate that environmental metabolite availability directly impacts glucose utilization and function in trained immunity - trained monocytes prefer lactate over glucose as a physiologic fuel, and lactate regulates trained immunity by altering histone lactylation.