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Cryo-electron tomography visualizes molecules inside cells, but it lacks flexible tools to study their spatial organization. The authors present TANGO, a framework that utilizes neighborhoods of particles to detect patterns in their organization.

Anxiety is associated with increased generalisation of threat to similar stimuli. This paper used computational modelling to dissociate perceptual mistakes from value generalisation and links stronger value-transfer to trait anxiety.

This study finds that crowd-sensed plants as living sensors uncover climate and soil patterns in 326 European cities; extend the urban heat island effect to moisture, pH, salinity and disturbance; and show built-up areas homogenize whereas urban forests preserve environmental diversity.

This research quantifies hospital admissions in Shanghai for mental and behavioral disorders linked to humid heat, projecting a 68.2% increase by the 2090s under high greenhouse gas emissions and emphasizing the importance of mitigation strategies to reduce future morbidity burdens.

Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease study reveal declines in chronic respiratory disease mortality between 1990 and 2023—especially during the COVID-19 pandemic—but the burdens on people affected remain substantial.

Mendelian genetics posits equal transmission of alleles, but selfish alleles can bias the transmission of large genomic regions or entire chromosomes. This study reveals the evolution of large amplicons as a distinct genetic feature of chromosomes with selfish alleles.

Testing items in working memory improves long-term memory, especially for deprioritized items. This benefit shows when WM retrieval requires continuous recall, suggesting self-generated reports strengthen subsequent memory.

Aligning foundation models with human judgments enables them to more accurately approximate human behaviour and uncertainty across various levels of visual abstraction, while additionally improving their generalization performance.

Replication-dependent histone mRNA decay involves the RNA helicase UPF1, the histone stem-loop binding protein SLBP and the exoribonuclease 3’hExo. Here, the authors present evidence for assembly of a degradosome-like complex involving the three proteins and delineate the mechanism that drives their concerted action to achieve histone mRNA decay.

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

Analysis of gravitational waves from merging binary neutron stars was accelerated using machine learning, enabling full low-latency parameter estimation and enhancing the potential for multi-messenger observations.

Pathogenic variants in UNC13A underlie a novel neurodevelopmental syndrome, with three subtypes defined by distinct genotypes with varying clinical and functional impacts characterized in cellular and animal models.

The authors use multi-slice ptychography to reconstruct depth-resolved phase contrast images of a non-superconducting infinite-layer nickelate superlattice, 8NdNiO₂/2SrTiO₃. The results highlight the presence of disordered residual oxygen and suggest the formation of local domains with varying degrees of oxygenation.

Interaction between Cooper pairs and other collective excitations may reveal important information about the pairing mechanism. Here, the authors observe a universal jump in the phase of the driven Higgs oscillations in cuprate thin films, indicating the presence of a coupled collective mode, as well as a nonvanishing Higgs-like response at high temperatures, suggesting a potential nonzero pairing amplitude above Tc.

Measuring nuclear radii with different methods (e.g. electron scattering, laser spectroscopy) often leads to inconsistencies. Carbon isotopes provide exceptional accuracies among elements in the second row, facilitating nuclear structure theory benchmarks. Here, the authors provide laser spectroscopic measurements of the nuclear charge radius of ¹³C, improving previous uncertainties.

CellSpectra identifies functionally relevant changes in cellular pathways when analyzing single samples in comparison to a reference atlas, here applied to rodent models and patient samples of kidney disease.

Plasma proteomics plays a key role in advancing clinical research and biomarker discovery. Here, the authors show in a large MSCoreSys multicenter benchmark study that DIA outperforms DDA, delivering robust, precise, and reproducible label-free protein quantification across sites.

MethyLYZR, an epigenetic classifier of brain tumors, provides clinically relevant cancer classification results within 15 min of sequencing, with potential applications for neurosurgical intraoperative use.

Finding a parameter that limits the critical temperature of cuprate superconductors can provide crucial insight on the superconducting mechanism. Here, the authors use inelastic photon scattering on two Ruddlesden-Popper members of the model Hg-family of cuprates to reveal that the energy of magnetic fluctuations may play such a role, and suggest that the Cooper pairing is mediated by paramagnons.

Bhatta et al. use biochemistry and cryogenic electron microscopy to elucidate the mechanism of human tRNA 3′ processing. Their results show how mitochondria-specific subunits of RNase Z compensate for the structural degeneracy of organellar tRNAs.

A large perturbation model that integrates diverse laboratory experiments is presented to predict biological responses to chemical or genetic perturbations and support various biological discovery tasks.

Cancers evolve as they progress under differing selective pressures. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, the authors present the method TrackSig the estimates evolutionary trajectories of somatic mutational processes from single bulk tumour data.

The circadian clock and the cell cycle systems coordinate global physiology. Here the authors show that MYC represses the clock genes, together with MIZ1, and induces proliferation, suggesting that MYC inversely modulates cell cycle and circadian clock genes.

Experiments under upper-tropospheric conditions map the chemical formation of isoprene oxygenated organic molecules (important molecules for new particle formation) and reveal that relative radical ratios control their composition

There has been significant interest in using spin-waves or magnons for information processing, due to their low energy dissipation and short wavelength at terahertz frequencies, however, manipulating magnons can be challenging. Here, Kim et al show that magnons in Sr2IrO4 are extremely strain sensitive, with small applied strains leading to large variation in the magnon energy.

A deep learning and data-driven modelling study finds that microbial carbon use efficiency is a major determinant of soil organic carbon storage and its spatial variation across the globe.

Sleep-inducing neurons in Drosophila rely on Hyperkinetic, the β-subunit of the K_V1 channel Shaker, to monitor sleep need by translating lipid peroxidation events into changes in the oxidation state of a stably bound NADPH cofactor.

A long-lived photoinduced metastable state in a quasi-one-dimensional cuprate, Sr₁₄Cu₂₄O₄₁, is reported.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Microbial communities are shaped by their environment. Here, the authors demonstrate temporal structuring of microbial communities in the pelagic Arctic Ocean, using remote, long-term sampling with long-read metagenomics and SSU ribosomal metabarcoding.

Using multi-ancestry genome-wide association study and fine-mapping, 298 loci and 36 credible genes are identified in the aetiology of bipolar disorder.

SAR11 bacteria and their phages are abundant in the oceans. Here the authors quantify the number of phage-infected SAR11 cells using microscopy techniques and discover phage-infected cells without any detectable ribosomes. They hypothesize that ribosomal RNA may be used for the synthesis of phage genomes.

Spin-enhanced lateral flow tests use nanodiamonds for the sensitive, robust detection of disease biomarkers. Here, authors report a clinical evaluation of a test for SARS-CoV-2 antigen, finding 95.1% sensitivity (Ct ≤ 30) and 100% specificity, with detection 2.0 days earlier than conventional tests.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Using eye-tracking and representational geometry analyses, Linde-Domingo and Spitzer find that, even when requested to maintain fixation, humans produce involuntary miniature gaze patterns that encode visuospatial information and change over time to reflect the underlying mental process.

Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) are algal light-gated ion channels used as optogenetic tools for manipulating neuronal activity. Here authors present a metagenomically identified family of phylogenetically distinct anion-conducting ChRs (MerMAIDs) which desensitize during continuous illumination due to accumulation of a non-conducting photointermediate.

The hippocampus is a central memory hub and exhibits prominent theta oscillations. Here the authors show that oscillations are visible in behavior when decisions depend on memory, paralleled by theta phase synchronization in hippocampal recordings.

Ciranka, Linde-Domingo et al. show that inference of transitive orderings from pairwise relations benefits from a seemingly biased learning strategy, where observers update their belief about one of the pair members but not the other.

Research on biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationships tends to focus on single trophic groups. This analysis of two biodiversity experiments, representing forests and grasslands, shows that plant diversity promotes ecosystem multifunctionality not only directly, but also by enhancing the diversity of other trophic levels.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

In a clinical trial, Fathi et al. show that a booster vaccination with a vector vaccine candidate against the highly pathogenic Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus is safe and strongly improves the immunity generated by primary immunization.

Analysing >40 plant traits and ecosystem properties over 10 years, the authors find moderate evidence for traits being predictors of ecosystem-level properties within years, but limited evidence for any effect across years.

Single DNA-binding proteins can be tracked on densely covered DNA at high spatial and temporal resolution and in the presence of high protein concentrations by using a technique that combines optical tweezers, confocal fluorescence microscopy and stimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy.

A transancestral exome-wide association study for body-fat distribution identifies protein-coding variants that are significantly associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index.