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Tsering et al. show that in pants, HSP90 acts as a positive regulator of auxin transport by providing steady-state levels of ABCB transport capacity in an action that isorchestrated by its co-chaperone FKBP42/TWISTED DWARF1.

A small and fast diffusion model is presented, which is able to efficiently generate long protein backbones.

A trans-ancestry meta-analysis of GWAS of glycemic traits in up to 281,416 individuals identifies 99 novel loci, of which one quarter was found due to the multi-ancestry approach, which also improves fine-mapping of credible variant sets.

The stroke volume of the heart increases in response to an increase in the blood volume filling the heart. Here the authors reveal that this coordinated process is mediated in part by oxidative activation of the protein kinase G Iα, which phosphorylates phospholamban to enhance diastolic relaxation in mice.

A genome-wide association study including over 76,000 individuals with schizophrenia and over 243,000 control individuals identifies common variant associations at 287 genomic loci, and further fine-mapping analyses highlight the importance of genes involved in synaptic processes.

Dominic Kwiatkowski and colleagues of the MalariaGEN and the WTCCC consortiums report a genome-wide analysis of severe malaria in The Gambia. They provide guidance for design of GWAS in African populations, and demonstrate the usefulness of multipoint imputation based on population-specific sequencing data.

Genome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in ancestrally diverse populations implicate candidate causal genes and mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. Trans-ancestry genetic risk scores enhance transferability across populations.

Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UCAR) is associated with various clinical outcomes such as kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. Here, the authors report genome-wide meta-analysis in over 500,000 individuals and find 68 UACR loci, followed by statistical fine-mapping, gene prioritization and experimental validation in flies.

The XRISM Resolve spectrum of the galactic neutron star X-ray binary, GX 13+1, reveals one of the densest winds ever seen in absorption lines.

A graph neural network framework enables individualized genetic risk prediction at the single-cell level.

A superconducting quantum computer is used to realize an out-of-equilibrium topologically ordered state, which hosts anyonic excitations.

FLAMES is a machine learning approach combining variant fine-mapping, SNP-to-gene annotations and convergence-based gene prioritization scores to identify candidate effector genes at genome-wide associated loci with high accuracy.

Ark⁺, a fully open artificial intelligence foundation model, demonstrates exceptional capabilities in diagnosing common, rare and novel thoracic diseases.

Whole-genome sequencing, transcriptome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in over 7,000 individuals with critical COVID-19 are used to identify 16 independent variants that are associated with severe illness in COVID-19.

A high-resolution reference panel based on whole-genome sequencing data enables accurate imputation of HLA alleles across diverse populations and fine-mapping of HLA association signals for HIV-1 host response.

In this study, the authors present an analysis of 247 full-genome SARS-CoV-2 sequences obtained from two communities in Wisconsin, USA, and report distinct patterns of viral spread. Their results suggest that patterns of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and spread may vary substantially, even between neighbouring communities.

Cascadia is a mass spectrometry-based de novo sequencing model that uses a transformer architecture to handle data-independent acquisition data and achieves substantially improved performance across a range of instruments and experimental protocols.

Dams constructed on fine-grained rivers cause an increase in flow resistance downstream, thereby amplifying, rather than reducing, flood stage.

Wildfire risk in California’s WUI is rising. Analysis of past events shows home hardening and defensible space can reduce structure loss by up to 52%, but coordinated, community-scale action is essential to maximize impact.

Global fine particulate matter air pollution recently pivots from increase to decrease as inferred from satellite observations, driven by unprecedented exposure reduction in China and slowed exposure growth in South Asia, the Middle East and Africa.

Allele-preferential transcription factor binding can influence pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma risk loci function. Here, the authors show allele-specific JunB and JunD binding at chr1p36.33 and propose a role for KLHL17 in protein homeostasis by mitigating inflammation.

A systematic review with a Burden of Proof meta-analysis reporting a nonlinear relationship between ambient fine particulate matter and dementia across 28 longitudinal cohort studies, highlighting the potential impact of air pollution on brain aging.

Here the authors analyse rare coding variants to identify schizophrenia risk genes. Associations are reported at exome-wide significance for STAG1 and ZNF136, and at a false discovery rate of 5% for SLC6A1, PCLO, ZMYND11, BSCL2, KLC1 and CGREF1.

Within microbial communities, microorganisms adopt different lifestyle strategies to use the available resources. Here, the authors use an integrated ‘multi-omic’ approach to study niche breadth (generalist versus specialist lifestyles) in oleaginous microbial assemblages from an anoxic wastewater treatment tank.

A pangenome of the Cannabis genus including 193 genomes demonstrates high variability in most of the genome but low diversity in cannabinoid synthesis genes and provides a resource for future genetic studies and crop optimization.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) risk is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Here, the authors develop a statistical method for analyzing gene-by-environment effects in SCZ risk across Denmark with fine spatial resolution.

The neuronal architecture that develops after spinal cord injury and causes autonomic dysreflexia is uncovered.

2023 CX1 is the only L-chondrite-like asteroid analysed from space to ground. It catastrophically fragmented in the atmosphere, depositing 98% of its energy in one burst—an unusual, high-risk fragmentation mode with implications for planetary defence.

A comprehensive analysis of the cell-specific molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying post-traumatic stress disorder in the human prefrontal cortex.

Endocytic organelles are a dynamic continuum of vacuolar structures that impact various cell physiological processes. Here, the authors report a library of ultra-pH sensitive fluorescent nanoparticles for the controlled perturbation and quantification of catabolic organelle maturation at organelle resolution.

A rhynchocephalian skeleton around 3–7 million years older than the oldest currently known lepidosaur fossil provides important insight into the origin of lizards and snakes.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

The authors show that the m⁶A reader protein YTHDF2 negatively regulates Th9 cell differentiation and function. Ablation of YTHDF2 promotes antigen-specific Th9 cell and CAR-Th9 cell antitumor activity in solid tumors.

Successful gene delivery is predicated on the effective cellular uptake of encapsulated nucleic acid cargo. Now, a study identifies extracellular fluid viscosity as a key factor that governs gene delivery via non-viral and viral vectors across a range of cell types.

A non-invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae strain induces a unique NF-κB signature response in epithelial cells that requires the histone demethylase KDM6B. Modulation of KDM6B can interchange the host response to non-invasive and invasive pneumococcal strains, demonstrating the biological role of KDM6B in cellular responses during infection.

Here, the authors leverage whole-genome sequencing from >88,000 diverse individuals to uncover 18 BMI-related genetic signals, including novel variants in participants of African genetic ancestry, highlighting the value of diversity in genetic discovery.

Genomic prediction of phenotype may be improved by using DNA mutations with functional, evolutionary, and pleiotropic consequences. Here the authors describe a method for genome-wide fine-mapping of QTLs and develop a genotyping array for improved prediction of genetic values for cattle traits.

Analyses of ancient human DNA show that cultural and political transformations in Central Europe during the second half of the first millennium ce were associated with movements of Slavic populations into Germany, Poland and Croatia.

Genome-wide association meta-analyses of leisure, work and home-time physical activity (PA) from European, African and Latin American ancestries provide insights into the biology of PA and its relationship to health and diseases.

This work presents a computationally efficient approach to establish spatially fine-grained connectivity gradients, reducing computational costs while preserving informative individual features and improving brain-behavior predictions.

The basis for associations between lung cancer and major histocompatibility complex genes is not completely understood. Here the authors further consider genetic variation within the MHC region in lung cancer patients and identify independent associations within HLA genes that explain MHC lung cancer associations in Europeans and Asian populations.

The number of individuals in a given space influences animal interactions and network dynamics. Here the authors identify general rules underlying density dependence in animal networks and reveal some fundamental differences between spatial and social dynamics.

Genome-wide association analyses identify new risk loci for heart failure and its subtypes, extending understanding of the underlying biological pathways and disease mechanisms.

Here, human genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from more than 15,000 parent–offspring pairs have been used to construct the first recombination maps that are based on directly observed recombination events. The data reveal interesting differences between the sexes: for instance, in males recombination tends to shuffle exons, whereas in females it generates new combinations of nearby genes. Comparison of these maps with others also reveals population differences.

Mid-ocean ridges are composed of segmented faults and magma reservoirs. Seismic images from the East Pacific Rise show that the magma reservoirs are segmented on the same fine scale as the surface faults, and that distinct lava eruptions are sourced from largely isolated magma lenses.

The synergism between c-MYC and miR-17-19b plays an important role in lymphoma initiation. In this study, the authors identify a panel of targets co-regulated by miR-17-19b and in MYC-driven lymphoma and unravel the molecular mechanism through which miR-17-19b inhibits MYCtranslation.