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The benefits and risks of nature to human health have been studied, however, robust empirical research on forest biodiversity and health outcomes is still lacking. Here the authors use a unique dataset from 164 European forest stands to explore the associations between forest types and well-being.

People can direct attention to specific moments that they anticipate will be relevant to their goals. Here, the authors show that voluntary temporal attention engages both periodic and transient modulations of visual cortical activity to improve perception at precise time points.

Berger et al. use detailed credit data from the USA to examine the trade-off between government welfare support and consumer reliance on high-cost credit during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A wireless ingestible sensor that is equipped with an oxidation–reduction potential sensor, electrochemical reference electrode, and pH and temperature sensors can be used to measure redox balance along the human gut.

Analysing 27 years of freshwater invertebrate biomonitoring data from European rivers, the authors show that although some commonly used biodiversity metrics can reflect anthropogenic impacts at broad spatial scales, there was little consistency among other metrics in accurately reflecting community responses.

Huang et al. analyzed serial samples from participants with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated with radiotherapy followed by immunotherapy and report improved clinical outcomes and enhanced antitumor responses in immunologically cold tumors.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are abundant in the stroma of pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) tumors. In this study, the authors demonstrate using human samples and mouse models that senescent CAFs impair CD8⁺ T cell responses and may contribute to poor responsiveness to immunotherapy in PDAC.

Chen et al. show that in mice, extracellular matrix remodeling drives early migration of the anterior signaling center, establishing the body axis sooner than expected—a mechanism potentially conserved in humans.

In this Perspective, Williamson et al. argue for the integration of climate-aware competencies into mental health training to better prepare professionals for the challenges posed by the climate crisis.

A polymer model combining imaging and sequencing suggests how epigenetic remodeling of nanoscale heterochromatin domains regulates gene expression, identifying domain boundaries as critical in controlling cellular behavior in health and disease.

The Omicron variant evades vaccine-induced neutralization but also fails to form syncytia, shows reduced replication in human lung cells and preferentially uses a TMPRSS2-independent cell entry pathway, which may contribute to enhanced replication in cells of the upper airway. Altered fusion and cell entry characteristics are linked to distinct regions of the Omicron spike protein.

By combining an analysis of common garden and field experiments, together with a survey of wild hosts, the authors show that prior infection by a plant fungal parasite increases susceptibility to infection by other strains and that this priming effect influences the assembly of the parasite community.

The details of how the protein folding and degradation systems collaborate to combat potentially toxic non-native proteins are unknown. Here the authors perform systematic studies of missense and nonsense variants of the cytosolic aspartoacylase, ASPA, where loss-of-function variants are linked to Canavan disease.

A consensus cell type atlas for the fly brain provides both an intellectual framework and open-source toolchains for brain-scale comparative connectomics.

As large-scale neurodevelopmental MRI studies gain prominence, the authors identify tradeoffs between sample size and quality control that can dramatically affect results, and they evaluate a range of approaches to mitigate risk for error.

Strong air-water coupling in Alaskan coastal freshwater ponds reveals their vulnerability to thermal stress from climate warming, indicating that northern subarctic wetlands and their biota will face significant thermal challenges in the future, according to statistical analysis of air and water temperatures in two subarctic wetland complexes in Alaska.

SCIFER detects clonal selection in whole-genome sequencing data using a population genetics model. Applied to a range of somatic tissues, SCIFER quantifies stem cell dynamics and infers clonal ages and sizes without requiring knowledge of driver events.

Computational protein design methods are used to generate new candidates for a human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine; artificial protein scaffolds that mimic the structure of a RSV epitope are shown to induce RSV-specific neutralizing antibodies in macaques.

In this study, Okreglak et al. identify dynamic regulation of pH in the lysosome-like vacuole of growing S. cerevisiae cells and link pH dynamics in this subcellular compartment to amino acid release into the cytoplasm to meet metabolic demands during cell cycle progression.

Gender-based violence is widespread, affecting women and men worldwide. Stein et al. use a meta-analysis and the Burden of Proof methodology to evaluate associations between gender-based violence and eight health outcomes, including major depressive disorder, substance use and reproductive health.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

Observations of SN 2021yfj reveal that its progenitor is a massive star stripped down to its O/Si/S core, which remarkably continued to expel vast quantities of silicon-, sulfur-, and argon-rich material before the explosion, informing us that current theories for how stars evolve are too narrow.

In this work, the authors present structural and functional evidence of lipid exchange within the gram-negative Mla pathway, broadening our understanding of lipid transport in bacteria and providing insight into the mechanism of a unique ABC transporter.

Conservation basic income provides a model that could improve the well-being of people and nature, but more research is needed on the environmental efficacy and social equitability.

Visual inputs to compass neurons can reorganize over minutes as a fly explores an altered virtual-reality environment.

Bosonic qubits can be engineered to feature intrinsic protection against certain kinds of errors, which makes quantum error correction across many bosonic qubits possible with less overhead.

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of fetal liver, skin, kidney and yolk sac reveals the differentiation trajectories of human haematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors, which are validated to produce an integrated map of fetal liver haematopoiesis.

Across 27 countries, Većkalov and Geiger et al. find that scientific consensus messaging on climate change is an effective, non-polarizing tool for changing misperceptions, beliefs and worry but not support for public action.

Treatment with the clinical stage TGF-β inhibitor galunisertib promotes latency reversal of HIV/SIV. Here, using a treatment regimen similar to the one tested in clinical trials, the authors show how galunisertib affects immune cell function, increases SIV reactivation, and reduces the viral reservoir in macaques.

Gene variants can affect folding and stability of the encoded protein. Here, the authors apply deep mutational scanning to provide genotype-phenotype information for 99% of the possible PRKN variants and reveal mechanistic details on how some variants cause loss-of-function and Parkinsons disease.

Dynamic proteolipid nanoassemblies at the plasma membrane of colonocytes serve as Wnt signaling hubs. Here, the authors find a role for mutant APC in colorectal cancer in the dysregulation of plasma membrane sterol homeostasis.

Anerillas et al. provide a strategy to eliminate senescent cells that leverages on their secretory needs. Inhibiting YAP–TEAD triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress that eliminates senescent cells from several tissues, improving age-related fibrosis.

The GntR superfamily is one of the largest families of transcription factors in prokaryotes. Here the authors combine biophysical analysis and structural biology to dissect the mechanism by which NanR — a GntR-family regulator — binds to its promoter to repress the transcription of genes necessary for sialic acid metabolism.

The complexity of vocal communication in some primates, whales and birds might approach that of human language.

Rhine et al. find that neuronal aging leads to widespread dysregulation of RNA biology, including mislocalization of splicing proteins like TDP-43, chronic cellular stress and reduced resiliency.

Anterograde transneuronal tracing can be achieved with engineered variants of the yellow fever vaccine YFV-17D. Both monosynaptic and polysynaptic tracing are demonstrated in different circuits of the mouse brain.

Polyamines are essential metabolites linked to aging, cancer, and Parkinson’s disease. Here, authors develop a live-cell polyamine reporter and use a genome-wide CRISPR screen to uncover a link between mitochondrial respiration and polyamine import.

The C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II is composed of a series of heptad repeats that exhibit some degree of sequence variation and that are subject to extensive phosphorylation. Here the authors provide evidence that local structural variations within the CTD are functionally important.

Possible effects of weather conditions on COVID-19 transmission are debated. Here, the authors analyse data from early in the pandemic and show that although temperature and humidity had small effects on transmission, they were far out-weighed by the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions.

Insight into the algorithmic form and learning principles underlying cognitive maps in the hippocampus is provided.

Singlet fission enables high light-harvesting abilities in pentacene crystals. Here the authors use machine-learning photodynamics to show competing charge-transfer-mediated and coherent mechanisms driven by different intermolecular vibrations.

Interactions between respiratory viruses in co-infections may impact their transmission dynamics but impacts at the individual-level are not well understood. Here, the authors use data from a prospective household-based cohort study to investigate the impact of co-infection on transmission and acquisition of influenza and RSV.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the PP2A:B55 holoenzyme bound to its inhibitors ARPP19 and FAM122A show distinct binding modes of the two inhibitors.

The function of wild-type KRAS in KRAS mutant cancers remains to be explored. Here, the authors show that deletion of the tumour-suppressive wild-type Kras in a KRASG12D driven colon cancer model exacerbates tumour initiation in a MAPK dependent manner, while acting to suppress metastasis through impaired immune suppression.

Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with extensive diffuse alveolar damage and fibrin formation. Here, Erickson et al describe an infection-induced coagulation mechanism which involves activation of prothrombin by members of TMPRSS genes.

The geographic distribution of dengue has been expanding in recent decades, and Vietnam is one of the most severely affected countries. In this study, the authors use Bayesian hierarchical modelling to investigate the socio-environmental and climatic drivers of dengue incidence in Vietnam and how they vary across the country.