Search

This study maps the single-axon projections of 7,180 hypothalamic peptidergic neurons in male mice and uncovers extensive collateralization, topographic target innervation and modular intra-hypothalamic organization.

Arisandilactone A is a natural product with a complex oxa-bridged tricyclic carbon core, making it a challenging target in total synthesis. Here the authors report an asymmetric total synthesis of its 19-dehydroxy derivative, with homo-Michael and tandem retro-Michael/Michael reactions as key steps.

Emerging in-memory computing using memristors promises better energy efficiency but often focuses on existing AI algorithms. Here, the authors report a distinct and computation-efficient AI algorithm based on memristor drift-diffusion kinetics for pattern classification, implemented on 180 nm memristor chips.

Jiang and colleagues identify ETV7 as a transcriptional node that skews CD8⁺ T cell transcriptional profiles toward exhaustion, consequently limiting antiviral and antitumor efficacy, and show that it can be targeted in CAR T cells to enhance efficacy.

Efficient and durable photoelectrodes are essential for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Here, the authors report a gallium nitride nanowire-on-silicon wafer photoelectrode with gold nanoparticles as a cocatalyst, achieving a 10% photon-to-current efficiency and stability over 800 h.

H7N9 influenza A viruses capable of infecting humans have recently emerged in China. Here, the authors show that these viruses remain genetically diverse, suggesting that they are still in the process of adapting to human hosts.

Conventional intermetallics are usually brittle and hard to manufacture. This work successfully develops a strong yet ductile chemically complex intermetallic alloy based on the 3D printing technique.

A micronuclear battery is built based on an autoluminescent americium–terbium compound that couples radioisotopes with energy transducers at the molecular level, resulting in an 8,000-fold enhancement in energy conversion efficiency.

Because of its complex pathophysiology, the management of inflammatory bowel disease as well as its fibrotic complication has become a global challenge. Here, the authors show a probiotic inulin hydrogel loaded with polypyrrole (PPy) nanozymes and antifibrotic drug pirfenidone (PFD) (PPy/PFD@Inulin gel) designed for the concurrent amelioration of IBD and its fibrotic complication.

The authors design a flexible Ag₂Se-based thermoelectric device with optimized electrode materials, structure, and selenization time, capable of various applications including rapid response to human motion signals as electronic skin.

The proper axial length of the eye is crucial for achieving emmetropia. Here, authors introduce a wireless battery-free eye modulation patch designed to correct high myopia and prevent relapse.

Sutures are ubiquitous in clinical practice. They close wounds and speed up repair. Here the authors show electroactive sutures, made of triboelectric materials. They generate an electric field in response to natural movement that speed up wound healing by more than 50%

By using 1 W optical frequency combs and nanowatt-level linear optical sampling modules, a time–frequency dissemination over a free-space link of 113 km is achieved with a stability of less than 4 × 10⁻¹⁹ at 10,000 s.

The role of stem Leydig cells in restoration of male fertility after acute injury is not clear. In an acute injury mouse model of testicular torsion, the authors show that Stem Leydig cells can restore testicular immunological homeostasis by mitochondria transfer to macrophages in a TRPM7-mediated manner.

The genetic bases of yak adaptations to extreme conditions remains elusive. This study compares yak and cattle at a genomic and transcriptomic level, revealing a new type of endothelial cell and candidate genes related with elastic fiber formation in yak lungs that might contribute to high altitude adaptation.

Charge-to-spin conversion allows for the generation and control of spin polarization via a charge current. Typically, this is done with non-magnetic materials with large spin-orbit interactions such as Platinum. Herein, Dai et al demonstrate an intriguing charge-to-spin mechanism, a magnetic spin Hall effect, in a van der Waals heterostructure.

People living with HIV-1 are at an increased risk of developing various cancers. Here, the authors suggest that HIV-1-encoded Vpr can promote oncogenesis by forming a ternary complex with VprBP and Plk4 and inducing Plk4-dependent centriole overduplication and aneuploidy.

The collagenolytic mechanism of Vibrio collagenase, a virulence factor, remains unclear. Here, the authors report the structure of Vibrio collagenase VhaC and propose the mechanism for collagen recognition and degradation, providing new insight into bacterial collagenolysis.

Plant ubiquitin regulatory domain-containing proteins (PUX) play vital roles in CDC48-mediated protein quality control processes. Here Shi et al. show that a conserved core Magnaporthe oryzae effector (MoNLE1) can specially target the rice PUX protein OsPUX8B.2 and interfere with host immune responses.

The CMS Collaboration reports evidence for off-shell Higgs boson contributions in the production of Z boson pairs, and measures the width of the Higgs boson, which is inversely related to its lifetime.

Zhao et al. report a role for glutamine synthetase in regulating cell proliferation that does not require the catalytic activity of the enzyme.

Lai and colleagues show that the RNA helicase DDX5 mediates the alternative splicing of the IL-36R mRNA in keratinocytes and modulates skin inflammation downstream of IL-17D signaling.

Results of a multicentre phase 1 clinical trial evaluating treatment with the engineered herpes simplex virus VG161 in advanced liver cancer indicate a good safety profile and promising efficacy.

As part of the first anniversary issue of Nature Chemical Engineering, we present a collection of opinions from 40 researchers within the field on what they think are the most exciting opportunities that lie ahead for their respective topics.

Promoting solid ion-diffusion is essential for fast-charging battery. Here, authors present near-barrier-free ion dynamics in an amorphous organic-hybrid vanadium oxide-based zinc ion battery and developed Ah-level fast-charging pouch cell.

DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC) is typically altered in age-related diseases. Here, the authors show that 5hmC accumulates in gene bodies, partially due to prolonged quiescence, and restricts the magnitude of transcriptional changes with age.

The cross-population Sum of Single Effects (SuSiEx) model is a robust and computationally efficient method for conducting multi-ancestry fine-mapping of genome-wide association signals, producing smaller credible sets and capturing population-specific causal variants.

A power conversion efficiency of 33.89% is achieved in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells by using a bilayer passivation strategy to enhance electron extraction and suppress recombination.

Tandem repeats (TRs) have unique ability to drive a range of phenotype variations. Here, the authors survey rice TR variations based on 231 genome assemblies and the rice pan-genome graph, identify TR variations associated with expressed genes, and reveal expression TRs contributed to rice agronomic trait variations.

Carnosine is a mobile buffering metabolite. Here the authors link carnosine accumulation, hypoxia and intracellular pH homeostasis in cancer cells as a mechanism of tumor immune evasion via NFX1 degradation and galectin-9 activity.

Sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting has the capability of capturing water from air anytime and anywhere. A facile strategy to synthesize bidirectionally aligned and hierarchically structured nanocomposite could realize scalable and efficient sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting.

An asteroseismic and spectroscopic analysis of lithium-rich stars improves their classification based on the distributions of lithium, nitrogen and mass, and reveals that most of these evolved stars are red clump rather than red giant branch stars.

The interplay of electronic correlations and topology has been a forefront topic in condensed matter physics. Wang et al. present evidence of a correlated topological edge state supporting the Luttinger liquid behaviour in the candidate quadrupole topological insulator Ta₂Pd₃Te₅.

This randomized trial assessed the effectiveness and safety of single blastocyst transfer vs single cleavage-stage embryo transfer among women with good prognosis. Here, the authors show improved cumulative live birth rates and relatively unfavorable perinatal outcomes after blastocyst transfer.

Modeling neurodevelopmental trajectories in a pediatric cohort reveals accelerated decrease in correlation between brain structural and functional connectivity in children exposed to high levels of prenatal adversity.

Water electrolysis can produce clean hydrogen, but it is limited by the slow anodic oxygen evolution reaction. Now, a local electronic manipulation strategy for stabilizing high-valence Ru single site catalysts has been developed. The catalyst demonstrates efficient bifunctional activity for water electrolysis.

Neoadjuvant FLOT regimen has shown promising results for the treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer, however SOX regimen remains the preferred chemotherapy in Eastern countries. Here the authors report that the two therapies result in similar outcomes, measured as clinical downstaging and pathological response, in a phase II randomized clinical trial.

New class of topological crystalline insulators (TCI) have been proposed, but are yet to be experimentally evidenced. Here, the authors evidence two massless Dirac fermions protected by the combination of time-reversal symmetry T and Ĉ_2y on the (010) surface of SrPb, confirming the Ĉ₂ rotation anomaly in the new class of TCIs.

An automated deep-learning pipeline for chest-X-ray-image standardization, lesion visualization and disease diagnosis can identify viral pneumonia caused by COVID-19, assess its severity, and discriminate it from other types of pneumonia.

Here the authors report the isolation and structural and biological characterization of a humanized angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-blocking antibody, which exterts potent inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV and circulating global SARS-CoV-2 lineages both in vitro and in hACE2 mouse model.

Exolytic heparinases are needed for sequencing of heparin and heparan sulfate (HP), but have not yet been reported. Here, the authors identify exolytic heparinases from different bacteria and show that the heparinases preferentially digest HP, determine the crystal structure of the exoheparinase BlexoHep and perform sequencing of HP octasaccharides using the enzyme.