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Chen et al. report a tailored self-assembled monolayer to create a localized 2D/3D perovskite heterojunction. This strategy reduces interfacial loss, achieving photovoltages >90% of thermodynamic limit for wide-bandgap cells, and enables perovskite-organic tandem solar cells with efficiency of 27.11%.

Self-assembled monolayers are efficient hole-selective contacts but suffer from aggregation and adhesion issues. To address these, Wang et al. introduce a dimeric molecular design that forms a hydrogen-bond network, enabling 28.4% certified efficiency in all-perovskite tandem solar cells.

Researchers studied the blood-based metabolome of over 23,000 people from ten ethnically diverse cohorts. They identified 235 metabolites associated with future risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). By integrating genetic and modifiable lifestyle factors, their findings provide insights into T2D mechanisms and could improve risk prediction and inform precision prevention.

Achieving nonlinear optical response of free-space planar solid devices in the few-photon regime will provide several technological advances. Here, the authors demonstrate a self-hybridised perovskite metasurface with strong nonlinear absorption at record low incident powers, by means of cavity critical coupling engineering

One of three back-to-back papers to show dosage of BACH2 can modulate T cell differentiation and function and how we might apply this to enhance chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies for cancer.

The hierarchy of DNA repair pathways at stalled replication forks is not fully understood. Here, the authors isolate two mutations in yeast RAD51 with defects in binding to duplex DNA and stalled replication forks, suggesting a role of Rad51 duplex DNA binding in fork stabilization and postreplication repair.

Here, the authors report an exome-wide association study for multi-organ imaging traits by leveraging recent bioinformatic tools such as AlphaMissense. The identified signals elucidate the genetic effects from rare variants on human organs and their connections to complex diseases

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

Analysis of cancer genome sequencing data has enabled the discovery of driver mutations. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium the authors present DriverPower, a software package that identifies coding and non-coding driver mutations within cancer whole genomes via consideration of mutational burden and functional impact evidence.

Stereoselective synthetic routes use P3HB (a polyester produced by bacteria) as a chiral feedstock for related polymers that have properties more amenable to processing and use.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

A multi-ancestry genome-wide gene–smoking interaction study identifies 13 new loci associated with serum lipids.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, may offer neuroprotective benefits after stroke, but its effects in large vessel occlusion (LVO) are unknown. Here the authors show, in a phase 2 randomized trial, that semaglutide is safe after endovascular therapy and may improve recovery in patients not receiving intravenous thrombolysis.

DeepRETStroke is a deep learning system using retinal photographs to detect silent brain infarction and predict future stroke events.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have improved our understanding of the genetic basis of lung adenocarcinoma but known susceptibility variants explain only a small fraction of the familial risk. Here, the authors perform a two-stage GWAS and report 12 novel genetic loci associated with lung adenocarcinoma in East Asians.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

The emission of entangled photon pairs from layered materials is attractive for quantum applications, but its observation in monolayers has remained elusive. Here, the authors report co- and counter-propagating photon pair emission in the telecom range from monolayer GaSe and the observation of high-fidelity Bell states in the counterpropagating configuration.

In this Perspective, members of the Aging Biomarker Consortium outline the X-Age Project, an Aging Biomarker Consortium plan for building standardized aging clocks in China. The authors discuss the project roadmap and its aims of decoding aging heterogeneity, detecting accelerated aging early and evaluating geroprotective interventions.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

During electrocatalytic nitrate reduction, cobalt-based catalysts degrade fast due to the combined effect of nitrate oxidation and electric-field reduction. Here, the authors develop a Co6Ni4 heterostructured catalyst to prevent high valence Co accumulation and achieve efficient ammonia synthesis.

Inbreeding depression has been observed in many different species, but in humans a systematic analysis has been difficult so far. Here, analysing more than 1.3 million individuals, the authors show that a genomic inbreeding coefficient (FROH) is associated with disadvantageous outcomes in 32 out of 100 traits tested.

Trained and validated on multimodal data from 14.5 million images from multicountry datasets, a foundation model is shown to increase diagnostic and referral accuracy of clinicians when used as an assistant in a trial involving 16 ophthalmologists and 668 patients.

The stabilization of perovskites in both solution and solid phases is critical to the fabrication of solution-processed perovskite solar cells. Here, 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylhydrazine is introduced to enhance storage stability, achieving consistent high efficiency of 26.0% in stable devices.

Achieving a balance between molecular packing density, charge transport efficiency, and defect passivation remains a challenge for perovskite solar cells. Here, authors synthesize self-assembled molecules with flexible head groups and rigid linkers, achieving maximum device efficiency of over 26%.

The cortex fuels essential physiological processes with glucose-derived carbon, while gliomas fuel their aggressiveness by rerouting glucose carbon pathways and scavenging alternative carbon sources such as environmental amino acids, providing a potential therapeutic target.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

Zhang et al. identify unimodal neural representations in the spinal cord of cutaneous mechanical and heat stimuli gated by a shared feed-forward local inhibitory neuron type and a neural transition during neuropathy, with increased excitatory drive.

The genetics and clinical consequences of resting heart rate (RHR) remain incompletely understood. Here, the authors discover new genetic variants associated with RHR and find that higher genetically predicted RHR decreases risk of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke.

Physical and physics-inspired computation is emerging as a new paradigm for tackling hard optimization problems. In this work, the authors establish rigorous mathematical conditions together with new design principles for physical as well as simulated dynamical systems to solve general Ising models.

A trans-ancestry meta-analysis of GWAS of glycemic traits in up to 281,416 individuals identifies 99 novel loci, of which one quarter was found due to the multi-ancestry approach, which also improves fine-mapping of credible variant sets.

Tensor networks exploit the structure of turbulence to offer a compressed description of flows, which leads to efficient fluid simulation algorithms that can be implemented on both classical and quantum computers.

Cross-linkable co-SAMs improve hole-selective SAM stability, preventing defects and thermal degredation in perovskite solar cells, enabling 26.92% efficiency with high heat durability, and guiding the design of more efficient and durable solar cells.

Reaching a quantum advantage in metrology usually requires hard-to-prepare two-mode entangled states such as NOON states. Here, instead, the authors demonstrate single-mode phase estimation using Fock states superpositions in a superconducting qubit-oscillator system.

There has been a hot competition to optimize the device performance for all-inorganic perovskite solar cells. Here Wang et al. employ a Lewis base molecule to suppresses the non-radiative recombination in the inverted device and achieve a champion efficiency of 16.1%.

Donor exciton delocalization and its impact on photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells remains less explored. Here, the authors found that delocalized excitons are formed in aggregates of the donor polymer D18, and that these delocalized excitons mediate charge generation in solar cells.

Qu et al. report a self-assembled material with π-expanded conjugation to form hydrophilic ordered bilayer as hole selective layer for inverted perovskite solar cells. The enhanced interfacial charge extraction and transport enable certified efficiency of 26.39% and 25.21% for 7.15 mm² - and 99.12 mm² -devices, respectively.

Reduced glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease. Here, Pattaro et al. conduct a meta-analysis to discover several new loci associated with variation in eGFR and find that genes associated with eGFR loci often encode proteins potentially related to kidney development.

Genome-wide association analyses identify 30 risk loci for IgA nephropathy. Functional annotations of putative causal genes converge on inflammatory signaling pathways and cytokine ligand–receptor pairs, prioritizing potential new drug targets.

Genome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in ancestrally diverse populations implicate candidate causal genes and mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. Trans-ancestry genetic risk scores enhance transferability across populations.

In somatic cells the mechanisms maintaining the chromosome ends are normally inactivated; however, cancer cells can re-activate these pathways to support continuous growth. Here, the authors characterize the telomeric landscapes across tumour types and identify genomic alterations associated with different telomere maintenance mechanisms.

Mudskippers are amphibious fishes that have adapted to live on mudflats. Here, the authors sequence the genomes of four different mudskipper species and highlight genetic changes that may have had an evolutionary role in the water-to-land transition of vertebrates.

Recent numerical simulations indicate that well-defined topological defects arise in the dynamics of glasses. Here, the authors report the presence of topological defects in the vibrational eigenspace of an experimental two-dimensional colloidal glass.

Prostate cancer (PrCa) involves a large heritable genetic component. Here, the authors perform multivariate fine-mapping of known PrCa GWAS loci, identifying variants enriched for biological function, explaining more familial relative risk, and with potential application in clinical risk profiling.