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Developing efficient catalysts that resolve the activity-stability trade-off remains challenging for hydrogen production. Here, the authors report a steam-assisted, machine-learning-screened synthesis of self-healing Ru/TiMnO_x electrodes that resolve this challenge.

Delamination and cracking hinder the durability of air electrodes in ceramic cells. Here, the authors introduce oxide wedging at particle interfaces to enhance mechanical robustness and thermal compatibility, significantly improving electrode longevity.

The deep generative model PepMimic achieves sequence and structure co-design of all-atom peptide binders conditioned on a protein target and another known binder.

Modern communication networks must balance efficiency with user privacy. Here, authors develop a privacy-preserving interpretable Bayesian framework that enables network optimization using only aggregated data, without compromising individual user information.

Polygenic scores for body mass index and obesity constructed using data from 5 million people with different ancestries were associated with distinct weight gain trajectories from early childhood to adulthood.

Polymeric semiconductors suffer from high exciton binding energy. Here, the authors report a crystal structure engineering strategy for producing poly(triazine imide) with the capability of spontaneous exciton dissociation into free charges, enabling efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting.

Multi-omics integrating genetic, transcriptomic, and phenotypic variation, coupled with mutant validation, identified 85 high-confidence WUE and drought resilience genes in wheat, with TaMYB7-A1 confirmed as a key regulator.

The functional roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the progression of colorectal cancer remain to be studied. Here the authors report that an alternatively-circularized circMAN1A2(2,3,4,5) promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation via enhancing target mRNA stability.

The quark structure of the f₀(980) hadron is still unknown after 50 years of its discovery. Here, the CMS Collaboration reports a measurement of the elliptic flow of the f₀(980) state in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 8.16 TeV, providing strong evidence that the state is an ordinary meson.

The generation and maintenance of peri-implant fibrotic tissue requires skeletal cells expressing the leptin receptor and can be prevented and reversed via the functional inhibition of these cells.

Protocol for fabricating synthetic viscoelastic antigen-presenting cells and their application in T cell engineering. These synthetic cells support robust T cell activation and expansion and improve chimeric antigen receptor transduction efficiency.

Edge AI systems require high-frequency, temperature-stable entropy sources, which traditional sources fail to provide. Here, the authors experimentally demonstrate a 3D 16-layer Fe-diode array that achieves high efficiency, low energy consumption, and high recognition accuracy.

Solar-driven production of H₂O₂ and chemicals from O₂ and biomass is promising but hindered by inefficient photocatalysts. Here, the authors report composite photocatalysts of atomically dispersed Ta sites for broad-spectrum light absorption and selective biomass conversion in a three-phase system.

The authors show that NAT10 is upregulated with T cell antigen receptor signaling and that T cell-specific NAT10 deficiency results in diminished numbers of naive T cells, translating to an inability to mount a significant antiviral T cell response.

Here the authors unveil the essential role of MCL-1 for adult hair follicle regeneration and inhibition of proliferation stress-induced apoptosis in mice. They also identify a P53/MCL-1/BAK axis balancing proliferation and death of activated hair follicle stem cells to ensure proper hair growth.

The insertion of thin layers of cobalt can stabilize β-tungsten under back-end-of-line thermal constraints, allowing a 64-kb spin–orbit torque magnetic random-access memory to be fabricated that offers a spin–orbit torque switching of 1 ns, data retention of more than 10 years and a tunnelling magnetoresistance of 146%.

Natural variation of the F-box protein ZmFBL41 in maize confers resistance to Rhizoctonia solani, the causal fungus for banded leaf and sheath blight in maize, through decreased interaction of ZmFBL41 with the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase ZmCAD.

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) with Retinoic acid receptor-gamma (RARG) fusions have similarities to Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) but are not responsive to standard APL treatments. Here, the authors show the specific molecular mechanisms lead by RARG fusions in AML driving leukemogenesis and as potential therapeutic targets.

Here the authors map mesothelial cells across organs, revealing conserved disease-driven states. They identify key genes controlling the shift toward fibrosis and shows that blocking this reprogramming protects lungs, opening new anti-fibrosis strategies.

Potassium tert-butoxide is used in a precious-metal-free alkyl transfer strategy for synthesizing azaarenes and polyazaarenes from alkenes and nitriles via carbon–carbon bond cleavage. This method produces aryl methanes as the sole by-product and allows divergent synthesis of functionalized azaarenes, some of which exhibit visible-light photocatalytic reactivity.

HIV infection is associated with increased risk of more severe Mpox, yet the underlying mechanisms aren’t well understood. Here, the authors reveal increased MPXV replication and immune dysfunction in SIV-MPXV co-infected rhesus macaques and, using proteomics and phosphoproteomics from multiple organs, identify involved pathways.

Indigenous and crossbred bovines produce less methane and consume nitrogen more efficiently than improved bovines, according to a meta-analysis combined with measurements of methane emissions from yaks in China.

Here the authors investigate the functional relevance of X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) regulator Xist in hematopoiesis. They find that Xist loss leads to changes in the ratio of hematopoietic progenitor cells and results in chromatin accessibility and transcriptional upregulation on the inactive X chromosome, including XCI escape genes known to be associated with cell cycle and immune response.

Cross-linkable co-SAMs improve hole-selective SAM stability, preventing defects and thermal degredation in perovskite solar cells, enabling 26.92% efficiency with high heat durability, and guiding the design of more efficient and durable solar cells.

Serine metabolism is essential for leukemogenesis and stemness in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here the authors show that targeting IGF2BP3 disrupts the serine synthesis pathway in AML cells in an RNA N⁶-Methyladenosine modification dependent manner, sensitizing AML cells to serine and glycine deprivation.

A combination of large-scale phylogenomic analysis, mouse lethality experiments and bacterial growth assays shows that gene loss in the putrescine utilization pathway has enhanced biofilm formation and transmission-related characteristics in the pandemic clone of a bacterial pathogen, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, promoting successive waves of global transmission events.

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of immune cells in the blood and liver of a human decedent receiving a pig liver xenograft reveals impaired adaptive immunity and monocyte features that may induce T cell exhaustion and contribute to platelet activation.

The PrimeGen framework is a multi-agent large language model system used to navigate intricate primer design workflows for amplicon sequencing.

Vascular calcification, a key risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, involves smooth muscle cells shifting to osteogenic phenotype. Here, the authors show that NEXN inhibits this process and protects against calcification by stabilizing SERCA2.

The dorsal peduncular area of the mouse brain functions as a network hub that integrates diverse cortical and thalamic inputs to regulate neuroendocrine and autonomic responses.

Solute carrier family 26 (SLC26) mediates transmembrane transport of negatively charged ions. Here, the authors report cryo-EM structures of human SLC26A7 in apo and iodide binding states, providing insight into the ion recognition mechanism of SLC26 family proteins.

Using data from a single time point, passenger-approximated clonal expansion rate (PACER) estimates the fitness of common driver mutations that lead to clonal haematopoiesis and identifies TCL1A activation as a mediator of clonal expansion.

Computational analysis and pairwise assays reveal that bacterial topoisomerase IV is a target of microbially produced phenazines, which informs synthetic-community design to treat fungal crop infection.

Freestanding membranes of hafnium zirconium oxide can be created using pulsed laser deposition method and used as the top-gate dielectric in molybdenum disulfide transistors.

The performance of all-perovskite tandem solar cells remains limited by the insufficient infrared photon absorption in the narrow bandgap subcells. Here, the authors develop a ternary solvent system to suppress tin-rich phases and achieve an efficiency of 29.3% in operationally stable devices.

During periods of stress, it is required to maintain the haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool. Here the authors show that Trim47 is important in the survival and function of HSCs after exposure to stress, and prevents haematopoietic failure by inhibiting MAVS-mediated excessive activation of the innate immune pathway.

SOX2 is known to be oncogenic in squamous cell carcinomas. Here, the authors demonstrate that SOX2 promotes global histone acetylation and reprograms lipid metabolism in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells.

A pharmacophore-oriented 3D molecular generation method, which efficiently generates diverse, drug-like molecules is proposed. It successfully identifies new inhibitors in real-world drug discovery.

T-cell enrichment has attracted great interest but currently fails to fully replicate the complex natural immune interactions. Here, the authors report on magnetic polymerised antigen-presenting cells that mimic natural interactions to isolate rare tumour-reactive T cells, offering a platform for enhancing cancer immunotherapy and neoantigen discovery.

Silver nanoparticles are used in a wide range of applications but have potential toxicity issues. Here, the authors report on a gut bacterium which can protect nematodes from reproductive harm caused by silver nanoparticles via the production of protective metabolites showing a strategy for mitigating nanoparticle toxicity.

A DNA matrix material potentiates humoral response through multiple administration routes, generating neutralizing antibodies and conferring robust protection against infection.