Search

Adjuvants are an important component of modern vaccines. Here, the authors employ a phenotypic screen of ~200k compounds and identify PVP-057, a TLR3 agonist with a simple scalable 3-step synthesis, as an adjuvant that induces durable humoral and cellular immunity to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) gE in mice.

The detailed structure of the native dystrophin–glycoprotein complex provides mechanistic insights into mutations underlying muscular dystrophy.

The APOE-ε4 allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease, but it is not deterministic. Here, the authors show that common genetic variation changes how APOE-ε4 influences cognition.

Plasma p-tau217 tests used to develop clocks that predict when cognitively unimpaired individuals would develop symptoms of Alzheimerʼs disease.

The CMS Collaboration reports the measurement of the spin, parity, and charge conjugation properties of all-charm tetraquarks, exotic fleeting particles formed in proton–proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.

NBCn1 plays an important role as a base loader allowing breast cancer cells to survive in an acidic environment. Here, Wang et al report its near atomic structure and transport cycle involving minimal structural changes associated with an exceptionally high turnover rate, enabling efficient cellular base loading and tumor survival

Van der Waals materials of the MB₂T₄ family (M = transition metal or rare-earth metal, B = Bi or Sb, T = Te, Se, or S) have attracted interest for their magnetic and topological properties, but their direct synthesis into 2D form remains challenging. Here the authors report a flux-assisted, phase-controlled growth strategy to directly grow six magnetic 2D MB₂T₄ crystals.

The authors reveal that the ferroelectric to antiferroelectric phase transition in Pb(Zr_0.97Ti_0.03)O₃-1wt%Nb₂O₅ at low temperatures is an irreversible process exhibiting relaxation behavior and diffusional kinetics.

pH is a critical regulator of (bio)chemical processes and therefore tightly regulated in nature. Now, proteins have been shown to possess the functionality to drive pH gradients without requiring energy input or membrane enclosure but through condensation. Protein condensates can drive unique pH gradients that modulate biochemical activity in both living and artificial systems.

Genomic analyses applied to 14 childhood- and adult-onset psychiatric disorders identifies five underlying genomic factors that explain the majority of the genetic variance of the individual disorders.

A transverse Peierls transition can occur when transverse acoustic phonons couple with conducting p-orbital electrons. Here, the authors observe an incommensurate transverse Peierls transition and signatures of a chiral charge density wave in EuAl₄.

Rapid proton capture nucleosynthesis stalls at waiting-point nuclides, including ⁶⁴Ge. Precision mass measurements in the vicinity of this nuclide influence state-of-the-art calculations of X-ray bursts from accreting neutron stars.

Chen et al. show that subtypes of immune cells in prenatal human brain promote angiogenesis in the germinal matrix. Conversely, in preterm infants, proinflammatory immune cells disrupt angiogenesis and promote germinal matrix hemorrhage.

Here authors show loss of AKAP11, a strong genetic risk factor for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, disrupts PKA proteostasis and signaling, leading to widespread transcriptomic alterations across the brain, particularly in striatal neurons, as well as altered behavior.

Determinants of WEE1 inhibitor sensitivity in cancer cells are largely undefined. Here, the authors show that WEE1 inhibitors beyond their cell cycle perturbing effects also lead to paradoxical activation of the integrated stress response kinase GCN2.

Hole-spin qubits based on semiconductor quantum dots offer potential advantages over their electron-spin counterparts, such as fast qubit control and enhanced coherence times. Liles et al. report a hole-based singlet-triplet spin qubit in planar Si MOS device and develop a model to describe its dynamics.

The authors find that TDP-43 loss of function—the pathology defining the neurodegenerative conditions ALS and FTD—induces novel mRNA polyadenylation events, which have different effects, including an increase in RNA stability, leading to higher protein levels.

NV center-based quantum sensors integrated into diamond anvil cells have enabled magnetic imaging under high pressure but are less suited for studying magnetic van der Waals materials. Here, the authors demonstrate magnetic imaging of micrometer-sized flakes of 1T-CrTe2 under high pressure using spin-centers in a thin hBN layer.

The neural mechanisms driving seizure development in peritumoral brain regions remain incompletely defined. Here, using patient tissue, glioma mouse model, and computational simulation, the authors identify early pathological activities that are predictive of tumor-associated seizures.

Microglia influence amyloid-β effects on astrocyte reactivity in the living brain of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease. This phenomenon further contributes to cognitive impairment via tau phosphorylation and aggregation.

3.4-million-year-old hominin fossils discovered in Ethiopia provide insight into the diet and locomotion of Australopithecus deyiremeda.

The authors present SVclone, a computational method for inferring the cancer cell fraction of structural variants from whole-genome sequencing data.

Brain-wide recordings in mice reveal that prior expectations are distributed through recurrent loops across all levels of cortical and subcortical processing.

Head motion is an artifact in structural and functional MRI signals, and some traits or groups are more strongly correlated with motion than others. Here the authors describe a method to attribute a motion impact score to specific trait-functional connectivity relationships.

Quantum error correction of a logical qutrit and ququart were experimentally realized beyond the break-even point with the Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill bosonic code.

Device-independent quantum key distribution aims at the ultimate quantum-based unconditional security, but current protocols’ rates are quite far from anything practical. The authors’ protocol narrows this gap by using two randomly chosen key generating bases instead of one.

To construct a comprehensive atlas of cell types in each brain structure, we paired high-throughput single-nucleus RNA sequencing with Slide-seq, a recently developed spatial transcriptomics method with near-cellular resolution, across the entire mouse brain.

Data obtained from the MicroBooNE liquid-argon time projection chamber are used to exclude the single light sterile neutrino interpretation of the LSND and MiniBooNE anomalies at the 95% confidence level.

Oxidative catalytic depolymerization of polystyrene (PS) can produce benzoic acid, but the annual consumption of benzoic acid is ~40 times lower than PS, so benzoic acid should be converted to higher-volume chemicals for the process to be viable. Here, the authors report a hybrid chemical and biological process that uses PS as feedstock for production of adipic acid, a high-volume co-monomer for nylon 6,6, via benzoic acid.

In superconducting circuits, the nonlinearity of Josephson junctions mediates photon interactions, but they are typically dominated by two-photon processes. Here the authors observe multi-photon interactions in a superconducting circuit with Cooper-pair pairing, revealing a new regime of microwave quantum optics.

This work introduces lightweight, leaf-like photoelectrochemical devices for unassisted water splitting and syngas production, which could be used in the fabrication of floating systems for solar fuel production.

Computationally designed genetically encoded proteins can be used to target surface proteins, thereby triggering endocytosis and subsequent intracellular degradation, activating signalling or increasing cellular uptake in specific tissues.

Wind speeds have reduced globally over land since the 1980s. In situ data show that this reversed around 2010, with natural ocean–atmosphere variability thought to drive the wind speed changes, as well as a 17% increase in potential wind energy for 2010–2017 and a boosted wind power capacity factor.

CSF total tau (t-tau), often used as a marker of neuronal damage, is more strongly linked to synaptic degeneration. Here, the authors show that t-tau better reflects synaptic dysfunction than axonal or neuronal loss in Alzheimer’s disease.

Using RFdiffusion, a general method for targeting intrinsically disordered proteins and regions for protein design has been developed.

Colour code on a superconducting qubit quantum processor is demonstrated, reporting above-breakeven performance and logical error scaling with increased code size by a factor of 1.56 moving from distance-3 to distance-5 code.

Whilst different models describing the two-dimensional quantum spin Hall effect exist, very few experimental systems have been realized in which to test theory. Here, the authors present a discrete trigonal lattice model for the quantum spin Hall effect and predict its realization in Au/GaAs(111).

The Zika virus outbreak is a global health threat and there is an urgent need for drugs against the virus. Here the authors present the structure of the RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase domain from Zika non-structural protein 5, which is a template for the design of non-nucleoside polymerase inhibitors.

Enhanced Wnt receptor activity is a major cause of cancer development. Here the authors identify camelid single-domain antibody fragments (VHHs) that bind to the Wnt receptor LRP5/6 ectodomain, determine the crystal structures and show that these VHHs selectively inhibit Wnt3- mediated cellular responses and block the growth of mutant Wnt-hypersensitive intestinal tumor organoids.

SPNS2 exports S1P and FTY720-P to control immune cell migration. Here, the authors use cryo-EM, immunofluorescence, in vitro binding and in vivo S1P export, and MD simulations to uncover the mechanisms of SPNS2’s transport and inhibition.

The accretion disk environments surrounding active galactic nuclei are potential locations where there is an excess of eccentric mergers of large black holes, which have different spin–orbit tilts compared with circular mergers.

Using spin-5/2 nuclei of ¹⁷³Yb atoms trapped in an optical lattice, a Schrödinger-cat state persists for a coherence time of 1.4 × 10³ s. In measuring external magnetic fields, the cat state exhibits a sensitivity approaching the Heisenberg limit.

Intrinsic long-range ferromagnetic order is observed in few-layer Cr₂Ge₂Te₆ crystals, with a transition temperature that can be controlled using small magnetic fields.