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Dopamine-containing adhesives exhibit strong and versatile adhesion through multiple interactions but application is limited by the slow and unsatisfactorily controlled oxidative polymerization of dopamine. Here, the authors report a straightforward and efficient photochemical strategy for the in-situ fabrication of high-performance polydopamine-containing hydrogels with instant wet adhesion.

An extreme barocaloric effect in NH₄SCN aqueous solutions is enabled by pressure-induced dissolution and precipitation, but without using a separate heat-transfer liquid.

EuCo₂Al₉ is identified as a metallic spin supersolid with high thermal conductivity, exhibiting coexisting spin orders, strong quantum fluctuations and a giant magnetocaloric effect enabling efficient sub-Kelvin refrigeration.

Li, Cui, Yang, Lu, Jiang, Zhang and colleagues identify a lactate transport mechanism from tumour-associated macrophages that regulates DNA repair and immune cell infiltration, which could be targeted to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in glioblastoma models.

Fast reendothelialisation of vascular grafts is important for maintain patency. Here, the authors report on a vascular graft that regenerates the neo-adventitia with lymphatic endothelial cells, which increases the recruitment of circulatory progenitor cells, achieving 90% patency in small-diameter arterial grafts.

Liu et al. report Chinese normative lifespan brain charts showing later neurodevelopmental milestones than those detected in Western cohorts. Individual deviations from these norms are valuable in assessing clinical risk and outcomes.

A membrane system operating without electricity and inspired by natural fractal transport patterns achieves exceptional nanofiltration performance, offering a simple and reliable source of potable water for decentralized communities.

Graphene film-based metamaterials are applied for polarization manipulation of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, achieving high performance in polarization sensitivity, full polarization shielding, and switching efficiency.

TcpC is a well characterised multifunctional virulence factor expressed by uropathogenic Eschericia coli. Here the authors show that TcpC also targets neutrophil NETosis via its E3 ligase functionality promoting the degradation of PAD4, and represents an additional immune evasion function of this bacterially derived virulence factor.

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are involved in renal pathophysiology. Here the authors use genetic models to show that podocyte FGF4 is protective of diabetic kidney disease progression, and that treatment with recombinant FGF4 reduced renal injury and fibrosis in diabetic mouse models.

It is unclear how early-life urbanicity influences adult neurobehavioral traits. This study reveals that earlier menarche mediates the relationship between early-life urbanicity and adult neurobehavioral traits associated with mental disorders.

Increasing evidence suggests that activation of oncogenic pathways contributes to an unfavorable tumor microenvironment. Here, the authors show that wild-type KRAS plays a key role in immune evasion in hepatocellular carcinoma by impairing interferon-mediated immunity and promoting resistance to immunotherapy via the EGFR/MEK/ERK pathway.

A cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analyses of brainstem structures identify 713 associations. It reveals shared/distinct genetic architectures across ancestries/substructures and overlaps with neuropsychiatric disorders and physiological functions.

The common form of salt has a 1:1 ratio of Na⁺ and Cl⁻; however, species that deviate from this can be found under extreme conditions, such as high pressure. Now, as a result of cation–π interactions that promote ion–surface adsorption, Na₂Cl and Na₃Cl have been observed as two-dimensional crystals on graphene at ambient conditions.

The tissue-specific accumulation patterns of pathogenic mtDNA mutations during aging remain incompletely understood. In this study, the researchers developed three mouse models with distinct mitochondrial tRNA mutations, revealing age-dependent accumulation of these mutations in the kidneys, leading to mitochondrial kidney disease.

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are widely used for seawater desalination. Here the authors apply plasmonic nanoheating integrated interfacial polymerization to create RO membranes that can remove a wide spectrum of contaminants in water in addition to efficient desalination.

Bellman equation is widely applied in solving dynamic optimization problems. Here, the authors present a memristive Bellman solver reducing the computational complexity and improving energy efficiency for advanced decision-making process.

Zhou et al. report cryo-electron microscopy structures of human SLC37A4 in four states, elucidating conformational transitions during glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate transport and S-4048 inhibition. This study links structural mechanisms to glycogen storage disease type Ib pathology, offering therapeutic insights.

The molecular mechanisms underlying the function of different cellular states in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors perform integrated single cell and bulk analysis of GSCs and identify potential therapeutic targets.

The relationship between Li-ion concentration and Li deposition remains an issue to be addressed. Here the authors show that stimulated Raman scattering microscopy offers insight into the concentration evolution and its impact on the dendrite growth, which is not possible by existing techniques.

Here, the authors report immunogenicity and safety of AR-MPXV5, a penta-component mRNA vaccine, in naive and simian immunodeficiency virus infected nonhuman primates (NHPs), and demonstrate protection in naïve male NHPs after immunization with two doses of AR-MPXV5.

Here the authors used an evidence-based strategy to prioritize causal pleiotropic variants of autoimmune diseases, and revealed  that rs4728142 modulates aberrant IRF5 alternative promoter usage by ZBTB3-mediated chromatin looping.

IleRS knockdown in Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium marinum disrupts branched-chain and pantothenate metabolism, weakens persistence in host models, and effectively increases pyrazinamide sensitivity.

The authors fabricate a thermoelectric cooling device based on n-type PbS based material, which exhibits a remarkable cooling temperature difference of 36.9 K at room temperature, and the single-leg power generation efficiency of 8%.

Methods to functionalize inert C–H bonds are a critical focus of synthetic organic chemistry. In this work the authors use computations and experiments to uncover the mechanisms of palladium-catalysed C–H lactonizations in aromatic carboxylic acids, and explain the origin of an observed preference for functionalization of a C(sp3)–H bond over a C(sp2)–H bond in a recent report.

This study of Chinese endometrioid endometrial carcinomas describes the proteogenomic differences between early-onset and late-onset tumors, finding that SIGLEC10 mutation may contribute to tumorigenesis and progestin resistance in early cases.

An analysis of genomic, molecular and neuroanatomical traits across extant primates reveals early divergence in visual and olfactory systems of major primate lineages consistent with lineage-specific shifts in diel activity and dietary niche, providing support for a sensory ‘reallocation’ hypothesis.

A study reports a dual quantum spin Hall insulator in monolayer TaIrTe₄, arising from the interplay of its single-particle topology and density-tuned electron correlations.

Ctyoplasmic male sterility gene WA352 and its fertility restorer Rf4 are widely used for commercial three-line hybrid rice production. Here, the authors investigate the origin, evolution, and variation of Rf4, and show that copy number variation of Rf4 contributes of fertility restoration in a dosage-dependent manner.

To achieve high-contrast in fluorescence imaging of deep tissues is challenging. Here, the authors develop NIR-II fluorescent small molecules with high brightness and emission extending to 1900 nm, enabling in vivo imaging of deep tissues with enhanced signal-to-background ratios.

A new type of surface state has recently been reported in ZrSiSe but its physical properties remain unclear. Here, Zhu, Chang, Huang, et al. report rotational symmetry breaking, healing effect and anomalous Umklapp scattering arising from the nonsymmorphic effect of the floating band state on ZrSiSe (001) surface.

The retention time and toxicity of synthetic NIR-II fluorophores limit long-term application. Here the authors use infrared fluorescent proteins (iRFPs) as NIR-II probes for prolonged continuous imaging in mice, and generate a transgenic mouse model which they use to image liver and pancreas.

Zhou et al. show that palmitoylation of GPX4 via ZDHHC8 sustains ferroptosis resistance in melanoma and other cancer cells and propose targeting ZDHHC8 with a small molecule to boost CD8⁺ T cell-induced ferroptosis, thereby improving immunotherapy.

The formation of secondary organic aerosol in Chinese megacities is dominated by the condensation of anthropogenic organic vapours, according to measurements across three urbanized regions.

Single-stranded DNA donors using current design parameters remain inefficient for precise gene editing. Here, the authors engineer RAD51-preferred sequences into HDR-boosting modules for donors, enhancing HDR efficiency across various genomic loci and cell types.

An antiferromagnetic diode effect was observed in a centrosymmetric crystal without directional charge separation. This effect could be used to create in-plane field-effect transistors and microwave-energy-harvesting devices.

Jellyfish plays an important ecological role in surface waters and the deep sea. Here the authors report genome sequences of two true jellyfish, Sanderia malayensis and Rhopilema esculentum, showing distinct homeobox gene clusters and sesquiterpenoid pathway.

A memristive-photoconductive transduction (MPT) behavior was firstly observed in a memristor based on porous P3HT, which is the direct signal for cell resistance states detection, enabling accurate and nondestructive readout.

The researchers present an image sensor that allows every pixel to have independent exposure. It can sample a cell ROI’s fast fluorescence activity with long exposures at different phases, enhancing SNR and temporal resolution for capturing high-speed events.

Gao et al. identify a piRNA, CHAPIR, that targets the m⁶A methylation of PARP10 and promotes the GSK3β-induced accumulation of nuclear NFATC4, thereby modulating cardiac hypertrophy and heart function upon pressure overload.

Worldwide, the number of only-child families is increasing. This research examines how growing up without siblings affects adult brain structure, function and connectivity, cognition, personality and mental health.

This study reveals a unique microbial nitrogen cycling process in Antarctica’s coastal regions, with nitrification playing a significant role. The research notably identifies comammox Nitrospira clade B as a key driver of this process.

CD8 + T cells play an important role in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). In this study, the authors demonstrate that PD-1-expressing CD8+ liver-resident T cells are pathogenic in murine PBC and that targeting these cells using a chimaeric antigen receptor reduces disease severity.

Vacancies are traditionally considered to play a role of phonon-defect scattering. Here, the authors show that vacancies can induce phonon softening, enhance phonon anharmonicity, and cause a dramatic reduction in the lattice thermal conductivity.