Table 2 State-of-the-art fluid characterization sensors

From: Multiphysics optomechanical sensing of a liquid on the micron scale

Ref

Tech.

Size (μm)

Mechanical frequency (kHz)

Viscosity

Density

Speed of sound

Optical refractive index

Thermal conductance

    

DR (mPa ⋅ s)

Ac. (%)

DR(kg/m3)

Ac.(%)

DR(m/s)

Ac. (%)

DR (RIU)

Res. (RIU)

DR (W/m ⋅ K)

Ac. (%)

21

1

100

5, 40, 200

 

10

 

10

N/A

N/A

N/A

22

 

1382

100

0.3–2.5

8

650–1000

1

N/A

N/A

N/A

23

 

1000

40

1–270

5

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

24

 

16000

20

1.8–2

5

980–1080

0.54

N/A

N/A

N/A

25

 

200

130–150

1–2

2.5

0–1000

0.1

N/A

N/A

N/A

26

 

1000

35

1–219

9.6

998–1235

1.5

N/A

N/A

N/A

27

2

80

1500–4000

only provides estimates

1000–2000

1500–1900

3

N/A

N/A

28

3

N/A

N/A

0.5–2

4

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

45

4

30

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

0.05–0.6

5

46

5

10000

N/A

N/A

820–995

5

N/A

N/A

0.1–0.6

7

47

 

N/A

302.2, 400

1–2 (1–4)

3 (12)

N/A

N/A

1.3–1.4

1 × 10−4

N/A

48

 

3385

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

1.00012–1.00032

5 × 10−7

0.03–0.18

3

This work

6

16

300000

1–2 (1–100)

2 (30)

1000–1300

10

1500–1900

10

1.3–1.5

4 × 10−6

0.3–0.6

2

  1. 1Laser readout of cantilever or membrane vibrations
  2. 2Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducer
  3. 3Tracking microparticles trapped in an optical tweezer
  4. 4Optical pump-probe method
  5. 5Fiber Bragg Grating approach
  6. 6Suspended microdisk optomechanical resonator
  7. DR Dynamic range, Ac Accuracy, Res Resolution
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