Fig. 4: The working principle, morphology, and performance of the heating electrode of the glucose regulating unit and the process of microneedle drug release during operation.
From: A flexible wireless skin patch for synchronized glucose monitoring and regulation
a Relationship between the output voltage and current of the NFC energy supply module and the distance from the smartphone. b Thermal interface during the operation of the heater. The inset shows an optical image of the heater. Scale bars, 3 mm. c Heating and temperature recovery performance of the heater at different power levels. d Optical images of the melting process of the coating layer on the thermoresponsive microneedles. Scale bars, 3 mm. e The temperature variation on the microneedle surface. The inset displays the infrared thermal image of the microneedle array. f Fluorescence microscopy images depicting the drug release process from the thermoresponsive microneedles. Scale bars, 140 μm. g Real-time fluorescence quantification of microneedle drug release under thermal activation. h Fluorescence imaging and quantitative analysis of Cy3-metformin penetration in skin tissue
