Fig. 5: Effect of OMT on gut microbiota and LPS levels.

A Venn diagram of model, control and OMT groups (n = 4 for each group). B β-diversity measured by PLS-DA (Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis) (n = 4 for each group). C, D α-diversity analysis based on Chao 1 and Sobs indices (n = 4 for each group), *p < 0.05. E Average composition of the phylum, in each group (n = 4 for each group). F The relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota in each group, the different letters represent significant differences between different groups (n = 4 for each group, p < 0.05). G Identified families and genera in the Gram‑negative phylum Bacteroidetes with high relative abundances. H The relative abundance of Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Paraprevotella and Flavobacterium in each group (n = 4 for each group), **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05. I Effects of OMT on LPS level of Serum and feces (n = 4 for each group), ^#p < 0.05 compared with the control group (n = 4 for each group), *p < 0.05 compared with the model group. Comparison among multiple groups was analyzed by ANOVA (followed by Tukey’s post hoc test). All experiments were repeated at least three times.