Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • Article
  • Published:

Efficacy of the new P100 extracorporeal shock wave therapy device in the treatment of type IIIB chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a sham treatment controlled, prospective clinical trial

Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases (2026)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and clinical applicability of the novel P100 extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) device in the treatment of type IIIB chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).

Methods

In this randomized, single-blind, sham-controlled trial, 83 patients with type IIIB CP/CPPS were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the P100 treatment group (n = 51) or the control group (n = 32). Patients in the treatment group received four weekly low-intensity ESWT sessions (0.2 mJ/mm²), while the control group received identical procedures with shock transmission blocked. The primary endpoint was the clinical response rate (≥6-point reduction in NIH-CPSI score) at week 4; week 8 outcomes were further analyzed to assess sustained efficacy. Secondary endpoints included IPSS, IIEF-5, and VAS scores.

Results

At week 4, the clinical response rate was 78.4% in the P100 group compared with 25% in the control group (P < 0.001). Median NIH-CPSI scores decreased from 35 at baseline to 13 at week 4 and 12 at week 8, indicating sustained improvement. Significant reductions in PDS, IPSS, and VAS scores were observed as early as week 2 (P < 0.05), and symptom relief remained stable through week 8 without rebound. Exploratory analyses suggest that lower baseline estradiol levels and lower E2/T ratios may be associated with more sustained improvements in erectile function. No treatment-related adverse events were reported.

Conclusion

The P100 ESWT device provided rapid, significant, and sustained symptom relief for type IIIB CP/CPPS, particularly in pain and urinary domains. Hormonal balance (E2/T) may influence the long-term maintenance of erectile function after ESWT. These findings support P100 as a safe and effective non-invasive therapeutic option for CP/CPPS, warranting further validation in larger studies with longer-term follow-up.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

  • Purchase on SpringerLink
  • Instant access to the full article PDF.

USD 39.95

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Fig. 1: CONSORT flow chart of participant disposition.
Fig. 2: Efficacy and Sustained Therapeutic Effect of P100 ESWT for Type IIIB CP/CPPS.

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

All raw data and informed consent for this study are available upon request from corresponding authors.

References

  1. Auersperg V, Trieb K. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy: an update. EFORT Open Rev. 2020;5:584–92. https://doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.5.190067.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. Liu Y, Chen X, Guo A, Liu S, Hu G. Quantitative assessments of mechanical responses upon radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy. Adv Sci. 2018;5:1700797. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201700797.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wess O, Mayer J. The interaction of shock waves with biological tissue—momentum transfer, the key for tissue stimulation and fragmentation. Int J Surg. 2025;111:2810–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/js9.0000000000002261.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Sun H, Chen H, Mu G, Fu H, Yue L. Comparison of different treatment regimens of extracorporeal shockwave therapy in chronic low-back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Pain physician. 2022;25:E1211–e1218.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Porst H. Review of the current status of low intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy (Li-ESWT) in Erectile Dysfunction (ED), Peyronie’s Disease (PD), and sexual rehabilitation after radical prostatectomy with special focus on technical aspects of the different marketed ESWT devices including personal experiences in 350 patients. Sex Med Rev. 2021;9:93–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sxmr.2020.01.006.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Capogrosso P, Frey A, Jensen CFS, Rastrelli G, Russo GI, Torremade J, et al. Low-intensity shock wave therapy in sexual medicine-clinical recommendations from the european society of sexual medicine (ESSM). J Sex Med. 2019;16:1490–505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.07.016.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Vardi Y, Appel B, Jacob G, Massarwi O, Gruenwald I. Can low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy improve erectile function? A 6-month follow-up pilot study in patients with organic erectile dysfunction. Eur Urol. 2010;58:243–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2010.04.004.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kitrey ND, Gruenwald I, Appel B, Shechter A, Massarwa O, Vardi Y. Penile low intensity shock wave treatment is able to shift PDE5i nonresponders to responders: a double-blind, sham controlled study. J Urol. 2016;195:1550–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.12.049.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Kennady EH, Bryk DJ, Ali MM, Ratcliffe SJ, Mallawaarachchi IV, Ostad BJ, et al. Low-intensity shockwave therapy improves baseline erectile function: a randomized sham-controlled crossover trial. Sex Med. 2023;11:qfad053. https://doi.org/10.1093/sexmed/qfad053.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  10. Mykoniatis I, Pyrgidis N, Sokolakis I, Ouranidis A, Sountoulides P, Haidich AB, et al. Assessment of combination therapies vs monotherapy for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4:e2036337 https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.36337.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  11. Kalyvianakis D, Mykoniatis I, Pyrgidis N, Kapoteli P, Zilotis F, Fournaraki A, et al. The Effect of low-intensity shock wave therapy on moderate erectile dysfunction: a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial. J Urol. 2022;208:388–95. https://doi.org/10.1097/ju.0000000000002684.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Lu Z, Lin G, Reed-Maldonado A, Wang C, Lee YC, Lue TF. Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave treatment improves erectile function: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Urol. 2017;71:223–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2016.05.050.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Karakose A, Yitgin Y. A new alternative approach to management of acute phase Peyronie’s disease: low intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy and platelet-rich plasma. Minerva Urol Nephrol. 2024;76:367–72. https://doi.org/10.23736/s2724-6051.23.05458-7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Sokolakis I, Pyrgidis N, Lahme S, Hatzichristodoulou G. Low-intensity shockwave therapy in Peyronie’s disease: long-term results from a prospective, randomized, sham-controlled trial. Int J Impot Res. 2022;34:487–94. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-021-00447-2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Krieger JR, Rizk PJ, Kohn TP, Pastuszak A. Shockwave therapy in the treatment of Peyronie’s disease. Sex Med Rev. 2019;7:499–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.02.001.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Yu X, Gao Q. Multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment guideline for chronic prostatitis with integrated Chinese and Western medicine. Chin J Men’s Sci. 2020;26:369–76. https://doi.org/10.13263/j.cnki.nja.2020.04.015.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Khan FU, Ihsan AU, Khan HU, Jana R, Wazir J, Khongorzul P, et al. Comprehensive overview of prostatitis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;94:1064–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.016.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Liang ZZ, Xia SJ, Deng CH. Chinese expert consensus on prostatic pelvic syndrome. J Mod Urol. 2024;29:756–61.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Krieger JN, Nyberg L, Nickel JC. NIH consensus definition and classification of prostatitis [5]. JAMA. 1999;282:236–7. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.282.3.236.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Schaeffer AJ. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2006;355, https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp060423.

  21. Litwin MS, McNaughton-Collins M, Fowler FJ Jr., Nickel JC, Calhoun EA, Pontari MA, et al. The National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index: development and validation of a new outcome measure. Chronic Prostatitis Collab Res Netw J Urol. 1999;162:369–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(05)68562-x.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Cheah PY, Liong ML, Yuen KH, Teh CL, Khor T, Yang JR, et al. Terazosin therapy for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, placebo controlled trial. J Urol. 2003;169:592–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ju.0000042927.45683.6c.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Qin Z, Zhang C, Guo J, Kwong JSW, Li X, Pang R, et al. Oral pharmacological treatments for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. EClinicalMedicine. 2022;48:101457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101457.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Zhang K, Zhang Y, Hong S, Cao Y, Liu C. Comparative analysis of efficacy of different combination therapies of α-receptor blockers and traditional Chinese medicine external therapy in the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: Bayesian network meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2023;18:e0280821 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280821.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  25. Sakr AM, Fawzi AM, Kamel M, Ali MM. Outcomes and clinical predictors of extracorporeal shock wave therapy in the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2022;25:93–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-021-00464-8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Mykoniatis I, Pyrgidis N, Sokolakis I, Sountoulides P, Hatzichristodoulou G, Apostolidis A, et al. Low-intensity shockwave therapy for the management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BJU Int. 2021;128:144–52. https://doi.org/10.1111/bju.15335.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Li G, Man L. Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy for male chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Androl Urol. 2021;10:1202–11. https://doi.org/10.21037/tau-20-1423.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  28. Wagenlehner FM, van Till JW, Magri V, Perletti G, Houbiers JG, Weidner W, et al. National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) symptom evaluation in multinational cohorts of patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Eur Urol. 2013;63:953–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.10.042.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Propert KJ, Litwin MS, Wang Y, Alexander RB, Calhoun E, Nickel JC, et al. Responsiveness of the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI). Qual Life Res. 2006;15:299–305. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-005-1317-1.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Karakus S, Musicki B, Burnett AL. Mirabegron improves erectile function in men with overactive bladder and erectile dysfunction: a 12-week pilot study. Int J Impot Res. 2022;34:588–92. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-021-00455-2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Fojecki GL, Tiessen S, Osther PJS. Effect of low-energy linear shockwave therapy on erectile dysfunction—a double-blinded, sham-controlled, randomized clinical trial. J Sex Med. 2017;14:106–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.11.307.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Tang P, Wen T, Lu W, Jin H, Pan L, Li H, et al. The efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy for knee osteoarthritis: an umbrella review. Int J Surg (Lond, Engl). 2024;110:2389–95. https://doi.org/10.1097/js9.0000000000001116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Guu SJ, Liu CC, Juan YS, Li CC, Tsai CC. The 12-month follow-up of the low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy in the treatment of patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome refractory to 3-As medications. Aging Male. 2020;23:793–800. https://doi.org/10.1080/13685538.2019.1597341.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Travison TG, Vesper HW, Orwoll E, Wu F, Kaufman JM, Wang Y, et al. Harmonized reference ranges for circulating testosterone levels in men of four cohort studies in the United States and Europe. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2017;102:1161–73. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2016-2935.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  35. Punjani N, Bernie H, Salter C, Flores J, Benfante N, Mulhall JP. The utilization and impact of aromatase inhibitor therapy in men with elevated estradiol levels on testosterone therapy. Sex Med. 2021;9:100378 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esxm.2021.100378.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. Gravas S, De Nunzio C, Campos Pinheiro L, Ponce de León J, Skriapas K, Milad Z, et al. Development and validation of a clinical nomogram to predict prostatic inflammation in men with lower urinary tract symptoms. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2025;28:405–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-024-00857-5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Wang HJ, Cheng JH, Chuang YC. Potential applications of low-energy shock waves in functional urology. Int J Urol. 2017;24:573–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/iju.13403.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Fischer S, Mueller W, Schulte M, Kiefer J, Hirche C, Heimer S, et al. Multiple extracorporeal shock wave therapy degrades capsular fibrosis after insertion of silicone implants. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2015;41:781–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.10.018.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Fode M, Russo GI, Verze P. Therapeutic areas of Li-ESWT in sexual medicine other than erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res. 2019;31:223–30. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-019-0114-2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Cai T, Tamanini I, Odorizzi K, Gallelli L, Lanzafame M, Mazzoli S, et al. The diagnostic yield of the Meares & Stamey test can be significantly improved by symptom-based patient selection and the experience of the test performer. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2024;27:300–4. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-024-00824-0.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Ma Y, Zhu T, Yang P, Gao R, Shen L, Gao P, et al. The neurological decline and psychological factors caused by coronavirus disease 2019 may be predictors of erectile dysfunction. Andrology. 2024;12:1851–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.13613.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Xu J, Chen Y, Gu L, Liu X, Yang J, Li M, et al. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and its relationship to the autonomic nervous system in patients with psychogenic erectile dysfunction. Front Endocrinol. 2023;14:1103621. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1103621.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Liang X, Wang Z, Wang S, Ruan F, Zhang Y, Shao D, et al. Magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with peptides for the targeted repair of cavernous nerve injury underlying erectile dysfunction. Biomaterials. 2025;314:122811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122811.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Huang WL, Tung SY, Tseng CS, Wang TD, Lee WJ, Chen JH, et al. The flow index provides a comprehensive assessment of erectile dysfunction by combining blood flow velocity and vascular diameter. Sci Rep. 2022;12:16099. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-19364-5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  45. Fojecki GL, Tiessen S, Osther PJ. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in urology: a systematic review of outcome in Peyronie’s disease, erectile dysfunction and chronic pelvic pain. World J Urol. 2017;35:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-016-1834-2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Sokolakis I, Hatzichristodoulou G. Clinical studies on low intensity extracorporeal shockwave therapy for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int J Impot Res. 2019;31:177–94. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-019-0117-z.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Yao H, Wang X, Liu H, Sun F, Tang G, Bao X, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials of clinical outcomes of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy in treating erectile dysfunction. Am J Mens Health. 2022;16:15579883221087532. https://doi.org/10.1177/15579883221087532.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  48. Sontag A, Ni X, Althof SE, Rosen RC. Relationship between erectile function and sexual self-confidence: a path analytic model in men being treated with tadalafil. Int J Impot Res. 2014;26:7–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijir.2013.31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Pan D, Xu ZH, Gao Q, Li M, Guan Y, Zhao ST. Relationship between penile erection and the ratio of estradiol to testosterone: a retrospective study. Andrologia. 2020;52:e13701. https://doi.org/10.1111/and.13701.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Fukuma N, Tokiwa H, Numata G, Ueda K, Liu PY, Tajima M, et al. Endothelial oestrogen-myocardial cyclic guanosine monophosphate axis critically determines angiogenesis and cardiac performance during pressure overload. Cardiovasc Res. 2024;120:1884–97. https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvae202.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  51. Shi V, Morgan EF. Estrogen and estrogen receptors mediate the mechanobiology of bone disease and repair. Bone. 2024;188:117220. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2024.117220.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  52. Sun Y, Leng P, Guo P, Gao H, Liu Y, Li C, et al. G protein coupled estrogen receptor attenuates mechanical stress-mediated apoptosis of chondrocyte in osteoarthritis via suppression of Piezo1. Mol Med. 2021;27:96 https://doi.org/10.1186/s10020-021-00360-w.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  53. Wang N, Lu Y, Rothrauff BB, Zheng A, Lamb A, Yan Y, et al. Mechanotransduction pathways in articular chondrocytes and the emerging role of estrogen receptor-α. Bone Res. 2023;11:13 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41413-023-00248-x.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We would like to express our gratitude to Wikkon Precision Technologies for developing and providing the new device, as well as for the training and technical support during the pilot phase. At the same time, we are very grateful for the company’s support in allowing us to independently conduct the subsequent clinical trial, which ensured the reliability and fairness of this study. To ensure the independence and transparency of the study, all participants adhered to strict conflict of interest management procedures throughout the research process. The study design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation of results were conducted solely by the research team, with no intervention or influence from the sponsor. Furthermore, no direct or indirect financial support was received from the sponsor by any of the researchers during the study. All potential conflicts of interest and ethical considerations have been disclosed in the manuscript. The results and conclusions of this study are entirely based on data and scientific evidence, and the research team ensures that all findings are independent of the sponsor.

Funding

The study was funded by the Program for Research-oriented Physicians of Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital (grant number 2023YJXYSA016).

Author information

Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally: Haipeng Zhang, Wei Song, Jinliang Ni, Houliang Zhang.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

    Haipeng Zhang, Wei Song, Jinliang Ni, Ziming Jiang, Guangcan Yang, Yifan Zhang, Keyi Wang, Yifan Chen & Bo Peng

  2. Department of Urology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China

    Houliang Zhang

  3. Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai, China

    Keyi Wang

Authors
  1. Haipeng Zhang
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Wei Song
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jinliang Ni
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Houliang Zhang
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ziming Jiang
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Guangcan Yang
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Yifan Zhang
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Keyi Wang
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Yifan Chen
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Bo Peng
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

HZ, WS, and JN contributed to the study conception and design, and data acquisition. HoZ, ZJ, GY, and YZ performed the data analysis and interpretation. HZ and WS drafted the manuscript. KW, YC, and BP provided critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content and supervised the study. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Keyi Wang, Yifan Chen or Bo Peng.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Peng Bo reports that the project was funded by the Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital’s Research Physician Programme and technical support for the P100 Shockwave Therapy Instrument from Wikkon Precision Technologies. To ensure the independence and transparency of the study, all participants adhered to strict conflict of interest management procedures throughout the research process. The study design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation of results were conducted solely by the research team, with no intervention or influence from the sponsor. Furthermore, no direct or indirect financial support was received from the sponsor by any of the researchers during the study. All potential conflicts of interest and ethical considerations have been disclosed in the manuscript. The results and conclusions of this study are entirely based on data and scientific evidence, and the research team ensures that all findings are independent of the sponsor. There are no disputes of interest and we would like to express our gratitude.

Consent to participate and consent to publish

All authors of this article participated in the study and agreed to the article being submitted to the journal, and a signed statement from all authors can be uploaded if required.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary information

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, H., Song, W., Ni, J. et al. Efficacy of the new P100 extracorporeal shock wave therapy device in the treatment of type IIIB chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a sham treatment controlled, prospective clinical trial. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-026-01072-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Version of record:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-026-01072-0

Search

Advanced search

Quick links