Table 2 Investigations performed in the individual studies.
Author, year | Blood tests | Penile Doppler USS | MRI | Other tests |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Pang et al. [15] | Normal glucose, lipids, FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactin, thyroid function | Normal | Not performed | NPTR: suboptimal erections; urine tests negative; VAS (penile pain): 3–4 at rest and 6–7 during painful attacks; EHS: 2–3/4 (during flaccid); IIEF-5: 11/25 (moderate); IPSS: 21/35 (severe); NIH-CPSI: 34; HADS-A: 10/21 (borderline); HADS-D: 10/21 (borderline) |
|  | Normal glucose, lipids, FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactin, thyroid function | Normal | Not performed | Urine tests negative; VAS (penile pain): 1; EHS: 2–3/4 (during flaccid); IIEF-5: 17/25 (mild); IPSS: 2/35 (mild); NIH-CPSI: 10; HADS-A: 2/21 (normal); HADS-D: 6/21 (normal) |
Gul et al. [2] | Normal glucose, lipids, FSH, LH, testosterone | Normal | Normal | NR |
| Â | Normal glucose, lipids, FSH, LH, testosterone | Normal | Normal | NR |
| Â | Normal testosterone, oestradiol, prolactin | Normal flow, scarring due to PD | NR | NR |
| Â | Normal FSH, LH, testosterone, oestradiol, prolactin | Normal | NR | NR |
Nico et al. [9] | Normal | Normal | NR | NR |
Sullivan et al. [17] | NR | All had normal PSV: Mean 45 (SD,−35) cm/s; 2 (2.3%) had abnormal EDV: Mean 2 (SD, 11) cm/s | NR | NR |
Goldstein and Komisaruk, [4] | NR | NR | L5-S1 disc protrusion with annular tear | Neurogenital testing |
Billis et al. [8] | Normal | Normal | NR | Transabdominal USS: low pelvic floor muscle mobility; IIEF-5: 18 (mild); urine tests negative; HADS-A: 11 (moderate); HADS-D: 9 (mildly elevated); VAS: 5–6 (deep perineal pain); Pelvic floor muscle strength: 4+ (Oxford scale) |
Yazar et al. [7] | Normal testosterone, prolactin, thyroid function | Mild corporal fibrosis | NR | NR |
Goldstein, [16] | NR | NR | 16/21 (76%) had surgically treatable annular tears, L4-L5 or L5-S1 | NR |
