Fig. 4: Geometric phase coded nonlinear optical spin-orbit interaction and the generation of SH optical vortices with the FNLC q-plate.
From: Nonlinear geometric phase coded ferroelectric nematic fluids for nonlinear soft-matter photonics

a Generation of the SHWs with spin-locked nonlinear geometric phase. b Illustration of the spin-orbit coupling and the light-matter interaction geometry between the circularly polarized FW and the nonlinear LC q-plate. LSOI: linear spin-orbit interaction. NSOI: nonlinear spin-orbit interaction. c, d Linear and nonlinear geometric phase associated optical vortex generation in the FNLC q-plate. The angular momentum state of the incident FW is (+1, 0)ω. The abbreviation “Exp.” represents the experimental results. e, f Linear and nonlinear geometric phase associated optical vortex generation in the LC q-plate. The angular momentum state of the incident FW is (+1, +1)ω.