Fig. 3: Theoretical analysis and experimental confirmation for the performance recovery of the H2 sensor using thermal treatment.
From: Long-term reliable wireless H2 gas sensor via repeatable thermal refreshing of palladium nanowire
a Trajectory comparison of carbon (C) atoms in CO and CO2 over time at temperatures of 300 K and 500 K. b Time-dependent Z-coordinate prediction for carbon at various condition. c bonding state simulation at temperatures of 300 K and 500 K. d XPS analysis between contaminated state (1-day) and after thermal annealing. e Quantitative analysis for XPS peak-intensity. f The normalized response time (\({{{\rm{\tau }}}}_{{res}}\)) and the gas response (\({\Delta R/R}_{0}\)) with respect to annealing temperatures at 1% H2 condition. g \({{{\rm{\tau }}}}_{{res}}\) and \({\Delta R/R}_{0}\) with respect to annealing times. h Quantitative comparison of \({{{\rm{\tau }}}}_{{res}}\) and \({\Delta R/R}_{0}\) with respect to before and after annealing at 1% to 4% hydrogen condition. i comparing the surface morphology between contaminated and annealed state with respective surface roughness The error bars in (f–h) represent the standard deviations from three from three individual devices.
