Fig. 1: Brain regional analysis on DNA methylation and the changes by middle age.

DNA samples were generated from the hypothalamus (HT), hippocampus (HC), and OB of 2-month-old versus 12-month-old male C57BL/6 and were profiled for cytosine methylation of CG-enriched genomic regions via BOCS and analyzed for average levels of CG and CH sites methylation. A, B Average percentage levels of CG site methylation (A) and CH site methylation (B). C–F Average percentage levels of CG site methylation (C, E) and CH site methylation (D, F) in individual chromosomes. The Y chromosome was not included due to its short size. Data are presented as mean values ± SEM. Statistics: Exact p-values are labeled as text for comparisons between two groups (A, B) and across chromosomes (C–F). Significance is indicated by *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, with comparisons conducted at the individual chromosome level among three groups (C–F). n = 3 mice per group (A–F), two-way ANOVA with tissue and age as factors, and post-hoc Tukey test (A, B), and Kruskal-Wallis and post-hoc Dunn test (C–F). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.