Fig. 4: Bioactive molecular networking leads to the identification of SoLs as major bioactive components of a SoL-producer. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: Bioactive molecular networking leads to the identification of SoLs as major bioactive components of a SoL-producer.

From: Biosynthetic enzyme analysis identifies a protective role for TLR4-acting gut microbial sulfonolipids in inflammatory bowel disease

Fig. 4: Bioactive molecular networking leads to the identification of SoLs as major bioactive components of a SoL-producer.

a A crude extract of A. timonensis DSM 27924 was separated based on polarity into 5 fractions. Each fraction was used in an in vitro cell-based assay (n = 3 individual wells) to measure its respective capacity to suppress LPS-induced expression of TNFα. Fraction 2 (highlighted as a green bar) was found to have the most significant anti-inflammatory effect compared to LPS. All fractions were compared to LPS for statistical significance with only fractions 1 and 2 showing significant change. Fractions 3, 4, and 5 showed no significant change. Statistical significance was determined using two-sided Student’s t-test. Bars represent mean ± standard error. Exact p values were 0.02943 and 0.0133 for LPS against LPS + Fraction 1 and LPS against LPS + Fraction 2, respectively. For all p values: *0.01 <p < 0.05. Source data are provided in the Source Data file. b Untargeted HPLC-HRMS/MS was used to construct a molecular network for each fraction through GNPS FBMN. The relative peak area of each molecular feature in fraction 2 was mapped to the color of the nodes with more abundant features increasing from white to green. Bioactivity score was mapped to the node size with larger nodes indicating stronger negative correlations. Several known SoLs were annotated in this cluster and their structural variations are illustrated, further demonstrating that SoLs as a family of molecules contribute to the observed suppression of LPS-induced TNFα expression.

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