Fig. 4: Reversal of OXPHOS and RP gene expression and IL-2 signaling of immune cells by combined EP2 and EP4 antagonist treatment in mouse LLC1 tumor.

a Schematic experimental method (left) and UMAP projection to the immune cell clustering (68,317 cells) (right). Created in BioRender. Punyawatthananukool, S. (2023) BioRender.com/l57t808. b GSEA of DEGs in indicated immune cell clusters from tumors of EP2/EP4i or vehicle-treated mice at day 1.5. c Dot plots showing log₂ fold change of expression levels of the DEGs in OXPHOS (upper) and RP (lower) in the indicated immune cell clusters between the EP2/EP4i-treated and vehicle-treated tumors. Two-sided Wilcoxon Rank Sum test. Bonferroni correction was used to adjust the P-value. d GSEA plots indicating upregulation of HALLMARK_IL2_STAT5_SIGNALING in CD8⁺ T cells not at day 1.5 but at day 6 of the EP2/EP4i treatment. e Heatmap showing Iog₂ fold change of gene expression between EP2/EP4i-treated mice and vehicle-treated mice showing upregulation of Il2ra expression in both CD4⁺ T cells and CD8⁺ T cells at day 6 of the EP2/EP4i treatment. b, d P-values were based on adaptive multilevel splitting Monte Carlo approach and adjusted by Benjamini–Hochberg procedure. a–e Data is shown for day 1.5 (n = 3 per condition) and day 6 (n = 2 per condition). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.