Fig. 3: The domestication gene ZjAGL28 is responsible for early flowering and ripening.

a Identification of ZjAGL28 within the domestication region through π ratio analysis. b Gene structure of ZjAGL28 accompanied by genetic variation analysis in the pan-genome, revealing a 12- bp InDel located in the sixth exon. c Haplotype analysis of the InDel across all resequenced accessions, with accession numbers indicated below the pie charts. d Early flowering observed in Arabidopsis due to ectopic overexpression of ZjAGL28. Bar = 5 cm. e Statistics of days to flowering in WT and two OE lines with values expressed as mean ± SE (n = 10 plants). Differences between WT and OE lines were assessed using a two-tailed Student’s t-test. f Early ripening in Arabidopsis resulting from ZjAGL28 ectopic overexpression, demonstrated by the top shoots of WT and two OE lines. Bar = 2 cm. g Statistics of days to ripening in WT and two OE lines, with values expressed as mean ± SE (n = 10 plants). Differences between WT and OE lines were assessed using a two-tailed Student’s t-test. Abbreviations: Chr, chromosome; C-sub, cultivated subgroup. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.