Fig. 3: Analysis of dietary habits related scores and IQ in a subgroup of 291 ASD children.

a correlation plot of the betas from the model on the full cohort (ASD = 2154, controls = 1646) vs the betas from an identical model considering the subset of 291 ASD children with available dietary habits data and 241 NTs. b correlation plots of the betas from the differential abundance model considering the above subset and the betas from case-only models assessing the relationship between oral microbiome composition and ARFID score, Picky Factor, and full-scale IQ, within the 291 children with available dietary habits data. ρ refers to Spearman’s correlations. c The top-15 ASD associated and the top-15 NTs associated species from the full cohort differential abundance model are shown for the different models run within the subset. The fifth model refers to the association between IQ and oral microbiome composition adjusted for Picky Factor. Colours for the significant (q < 0.2) associations are reported in the legend. Grey refers to q > 0.2. d Variable importance assessed via permutation test in constraints ordination (Ordistep) on Aitchison pairwise distances among 291 ASD individuals reveals importance of Picky Factor and predominance of IQ over Picky Factor in determining oral microbiome dispersion. Variables are the same as Ext.DataFig. b With the exclusion of family ID and ASD diagnosis. (right) Picky Factor is excluded (non-significant) by the stepwise model selection when IQ is included.