Fig. 6: Mechanism of surface charge separation via S-scheme heterojunction.

a Atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of SL-MCS/MW NRs. Corresponding surface potential distribution (b) under dark state and (c) light irradiation of 420 nm. d Line profiles of surface potential from point A to B, marked in (b) and (c). e Schematic illustration of charge separation and transfer mechanism of S-scheme heterojunction in SL-MCS/MW NRs.