Fig. 5: Cu electrodes characterization.
From: Molecular level insights on the pulsed electrochemical CO2 reduction
a 3-D AFM image of Cu foil after 1-h static electrolysis at − 1.1 V vs. RHE or after 2-h oxidative pulse with Ea = + 0.6 V vs. RHE. b Pb UPD on Cu foil after 20-min static electrolysis, or after 20 min and 70 min oxidative pulses, using Ar-saturated 10 mM Pb(ClO4)2 + 0.1 M HClO4 electrolyte (pH = 1.0) at a scan rate of 10 mV s−1. c Cu LMM Auger spectra and (d) core-level O 1 s XPS spectra recorded on Cu foil after 70 min static or pulsed electrolysis with Ea = + 0.6 V. All potentials were referenced to the RHE scale. Source data for this figure are provided in the Source Data file.
